| HS Code | 616166 |
| Chemical Name | Vinyl Acetate Monomer |
| Grade | Industrial |
| Inhibitor | Hydroquinone (HQ), 20-30 ppm |
| Purity | >=99.5% |
| Cas Number | 108-05-4 |
| Molecular Formula | C4H6O2 |
| Molecular Weight | 86.09 g/mol |
| Appearance | Clear, colorless liquid |
| Odor | Ester-like |
| Boiling Point | 72.7 °C |
| Freezing Point | -93 °C |
| Flash Point | -8 °C (closed cup) |
| Specific Gravity | 0.932 (20/20 °C) |
| Solubility In Water | Slightly soluble |
| Application | Exterior wall latex |
| Cost Positioning | Low cost |
As an accredited Industrial Grade VAM HQ 20–30 ppm (Exterior Wall Latex,Low Cost) factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Available in 200 kg drums, 1,000 kg IBC totes, and bulk tankers. Industrial grade VAM HQ 20–30 ppm for low-cost exterior wall latex. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20′ FCL: VAM HQ (20–30 ppm) in drums/IBCs, stabilized for exterior wall latex, low-cost bulk loading, safe and efficient transport. |
| Shipping | Industrial Grade VAM HQ (20–30 ppm) ships in dedicated iso tanks, tankers, or drums, with nitrogen blanketing to prevent polymerization. Keep sealed, dry, and away from heat/oxidizers. Unload promptly, ground equipment, and store under inert atmosphere. Use proper PPE and emergency response procedures for vinyl acetate monomer handling. |
| Storage | Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat, sparks, and direct sunlight. Keep containers tightly sealed and protected from physical damage. Maintain temperature below 30°C to prevent polymerization; ensure adequate air space for the 20–30 ppm HQ inhibitor to work. Use grounded, corrosion-resistant equipment and segregate from oxidizers, acids, and peroxides. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life: 6 months from manufacture when stored cool, dry, sealed, and away from light and oxygen. |
In high-PVC exterior masonry topcoat formulations based on a vinyl acetate–vinyl versatate 10 copolymer, industrial-grade vinyl acetate monomer containing 20–30 ppm hydroquinone is fed as the major monomer in semi-continuous emulsion polymerization rather than as a direct paint additive. The copolymer typically contains 75–85 wt% VAM and 15–25 wt% VeoVa 10, producing an MFFT of 5–12 °C and a glass transition of 15–20 °C. Polymerization is run in a jacketed glass-lined reactor at 75–82 °C for 4–6 h with an anionic/nonionic surfactant charge of 2–4 wt% on total monomer and potassium persulfate at 0.2–0.5 wt% on total monomer. The hydroquinone inhibitor level is not stripped in most low-cost operations; instead, persulfate feed is adjusted upward by 0.05–0.10 wt% on monomer to overcome radical scavenging, and published data for the exact induction shift in this specific high-PVC configuration are limited. The residual monomer after steam stripping is held below 0.1 wt%. In the wet paint, the VAM–VeoVa latex is charged at 18–28 wt%, titanium dioxide at 8–14 wt%, calcium carbonate or talc extenders at 20–35 wt%, coalescing solvent at 2–5 wt% of binder solids, associative polyurethane or hydroxyethyl cellulose thickener at 0.2–0.8 wt%, dispersant at 0.2–0.6 wt%, defoamer at 0.1–0.3 wt%, and biocide at 0.1–0.2 wt%. Pigment volume concentration is maintained at 45–55%. Downstream production uses a high-speed disperser with a tip speed of 18–25 m/s for the grind to Hegman 4–5, followed by let-down under low-shear spiral agitation at 10–20 rpm. Terminal finished products are low-cost exterior wall latex flat and silky topcoats classified under GB/T 9755-2014 and evaluated for water vapour permeability under ISO 7783:2018 and wet scrub resistance under ISO 11998:2006. Operational boundaries include film formation failure below 5 °C if coalescent drops below 2 wt% of binder solids and reduced alkali resistance when VAM exceeds 85 wt% of the copolymer.
Redispersible polymer powders derived from VAE emulsions are produced from a monomer feed containing 70–85 wt% VAM and 15–30 wt% ethylene; the industrial-grade VAM with 20–30 ppm hydroquinone is fed after monomer specification verification because ethylene pressure polymerization is sensitive to radical capture. The emulsion polymerization is performed in a jacketed stainless-steel pressure reactor at 40–60 bar and 60–85 °C using a polyvinyl alcohol protective colloid at 4–8 wt% on polymer. The resulting VAE latex is spray-dried with a rotary atomizer at 10,000–15,000 rpm, inlet temperature 120–140 °C and outlet temperature 60–70 °C, with 5–12 wt% calcium carbonate or kaolin added as anticaking agent. In the dry-mix ETICS basecoat or adhesive mortar, the powder is incorporated at 2.5–4.5 wt% of total dry formulation; cement is 25–35 wt%, graded silica sand 55–65 wt%, cellulose ether 0.05–0.15 wt%, and calcium carbonate the balance. The powder lowers water absorption below 0.1 kg/(m²·h^0.5) when tested under EN 1015-18 and contributes adhesion to EPS boards above 0.08 N/mm². Terminal products are one-component cementitious adhesive mortars and mesh-embedded basecoats for exterior insulation and finish systems conforming to ETAG 004:2013 and EAD 040083-00-0404. Process limits include ethylene content above 30 wt%, which reduces polymer compressive strength in the basecoat, and spray-dryer outlet temperatures above 70 °C, which cause particle skinning and incomplete redispersion.
| Test property | Acceptance value | Method |
|---|---|---|
| Bond strength to EPS | >0.08 N/mm² | ETAG 004:2013 |
| Bond strength to mineral wool | >0.08 N/mm² | EAD 040083-00-0404 |
| Water absorption | <0.1 kg/(m²·h^0.5) | EN 1015-18 |
| Redispersible powder ash content | 10–15 wt% | ISO 3451-1:2019 |
When the monomer feed is held at 78–85 wt% vinyl acetate with the balance n-butyl acrylate, the resultant latex shows a glass transition of 10–18 °C and a minimum film-forming temperature below 2 °C, both necessary for a low-cost primer applied to fresh concrete. The VAM with 20–30 ppm hydroquinone is charged after a 15–30 min nitrogen purge; the inhibitor is not removed because the persulfate initiation system can absorb this level, though the induction period is measurably longer than uninhibited monomer. The concentrated primer uses the VAM–butyl acrylate latex at 25–35 wt% of wet formulation, fine calcium carbonate or barium sulfate at 10–20 wt%, titanium dioxide at 5–10 wt%, coalescent at 4–8 wt% of binder solids, wetting agent at 0.2–0.5 wt%, and associative thickener to reach a Stormer viscosity of 90–110 KU. Production uses a low-shear polyacrylate dispersant grind at 15–20 m/s tip speed to Hegman 5, followed by let-down and pH adjustment with ammonia to 8.5–9.5. Terminal products include alkali-blocking primer, adhesion-promoting undercoat, and exterior latex topcoat base coats evaluated under GB/T 9755-2014 and EN 1062-1:2004. The limiting operational parameter is pH: above 10, ester hydrolysis of the VAM copolymer increases and generates acetic-acid odor, while below 7.5 pigment wetting becomes incomplete and can cause streak defects.
Coarse-textured high-build exterior finishes based on a VAM–VeoVa 10 latex are formulated with a latex addition of 15–22 wt% of wet formulation and a filler loading of 40–60 wt% graded silica or calcium carbonate, with the VAM feed in the copolymer held at 80–85 wt% and the balance VeoVa 10. The industrial-grade VAM used for this latex contains 20–30 ppm hydroquinone; because the subsequent textured coating is filled at high pigment volume concentration above 55%, the inhibitor does not require separate removal and is consumed during emulsion polymerization. Downstream production requires a vertical high-viscosity mixer with anchor and butterfly agitators operating at 8–15 rpm, vacuum deaeration at -0.08 to -0.09 MPa, and the addition of rheology modifiers during let-down rather than grind to avoid air entrapment. The formulation includes hydroxyethyl cellulose at 0.3–0.6 wt%, alkali-swellable associative thickener at 0.2–0.5 wt%, defoamer at 0.2–0.5 wt%, and preservative at 0.1–0.2 wt%. Terminal finished products include sand-finished exterior wall latex, trowel-applied textured wall coatings, and low-cost stone-like spray coatings tested to ISO 7783:2018 and GB/T 9755-2014. The process boundary appears when latex content falls below 15 wt% or filler exceeds 60 wt%; low-temperature coalescence fails below 5 °C, producing mud cracking in the dry film and reducing wet scrub resistance under ISO 11998:2006.
The substitution is technically feasible in one-component water-based wall smoothing paste at a VAE latex addition of 15–20 wt% of finished product. The VAE is produced from industrial-grade VAM with 20–30 ppm hydroquinone and ethylene to give a copolymer containing 75–85 wt% VAM and 15–25 wt% ethylene, with a glass transition no higher than 10 °C to permit trowelling over aged painted masonry without a separate primer. The skim coat is compounded with 50–60 wt% 200–400 mesh calcium carbonate, 2–4 wt% titanium dioxide, 0.3–0.7 wt% cellulose ether, 0.1–0.3 wt% polycarboxylate dispersant, 0.1–0.3 wt% defoamer, and 0.1–0.2 wt% preservative, with water balancing. Production uses a vacuum dissolver with scraped-wall mixing at 20–30 rpm and a dispersing blade at 60–70 rpm; powders are added slowly under vacuum to prevent air entrapment, then the final viscosity is adjusted to 25,000–40,000 cP measured by a Brookfield viscometer at 5 rpm. Terminal finished products are one-component exterior smoothing paste, anti-crack wall putty, and renovation skim coat under JG/T 157-2009, with adhesion tested by cross-cut under ISO 2409:2020 and water resistance under EN 1015-18. Storage is limited to 5–35 °C in sealed containers; separation and microbial growth occur outside this range, and the material is not suitable for application below 5 °C substrate temperature.
Competitive Industrial Grade VAM HQ 20–30 ppm (Exterior Wall Latex,Low Cost) prices that fit your budget—flexible terms and customized quotes for every order.
For samples, pricing, or more information, please contact us at +8615380400285 or mail to sales2@liwei-chem.com.
We will respond to you as soon as possible.
Tel: +8615380400285
Email: sales2@liwei-chem.com
Flexible payment, competitive price, premium service - Inquire now!
Identified by the designation Industrial Grade VAM HQ 20–30 ppm (Exterior Wall Latex, Low Cost), this hydroquinone-stabilized vinyl acetate monomer is supplied as a raw material for low-cost exterior wall latex polymer synthesis. The monomer is chemically vinyl acetate, CAS 108-05-4, with a normal boiling point of 72.7 °C at 101.3 kPa. The product contains hydroquinone as a free-radical polymerization inhibitor at 20–30 ppm by mass. The material is intended for emulsion copolymerization with butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, or vinyl versatate in architectural exterior wall coatings, where monomer cost and storage robustness are the dominant selection criteria.
Physical handling parameters are unchanged by the inhibitor loading. Vinyl acetate is a flammable liquid with a closed-cup flash point of -8 °C, a lower explosion limit of 2.6 vol%, and an upper explosion limit of 13.4 vol%. Transfer lines, storage tanks, and agitation equipment are electrically bonded and grounded. Hydroquinone at 20–30 ppm does not alter the flammability envelope but suppresses radical chain growth in the monomer phase and in the vapour space when dissolved oxygen is present.
Hydroquinone functions as a free-radical scavenger that consumes peroxy radicals and primary sulfate radicals generated by dissolved oxygen or thermal initiation. At 3–5 ppm, the monomer is suited to processes that require the shortest induction period and the narrowest impurity profile, including polyvinyl alcohol and low-extractable adhesives. At 14–17 ppm, general emulsion polymerization is supported with moderate storage stability. At 20–30 ppm, the industrial-grade material offers longer ambient storage stability and greater resistance to premature polymerization in unrefrigerated tanks, but the higher inhibitor loading requires additional initiator or a redox pair to be consumed before steady monomer conversion begins.
The industrial grade also permits a broader distribution of acetaldehyde, methyl acetate, and ethyl acetate. Acetaldehyde is particularly significant in this comparison. It is consumed by chain transfer to generate low-molecular-weight chains. The resulting binder may show lower tensile strength and higher elongation at break than the same formulation made from a 3–5 ppm high-purity grade, but for exterior wall latex this shift is often acceptable if the coating passes GB/T 9755-2014 durability tests. Methyl acetate and ethyl acetate are largely non-chain-transferring diluents, but they can reduce monomer volatility marginally and contribute to VOC measurements if not removed during polymer stripping.
| Property | Industrial Grade HQ 20–30 ppm | Standard HQ 14–17 ppm | High-Purity HQ 3–5 ppm |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hydroquinone | 20–30 ppm | 14–17 ppm | 3–5 ppm |
| Purity by GC area % | ≥99.5% | ≥99.8% | ≥99.9% |
| Water | ≤0.05 wt% | ≤0.05 wt% | ≤0.03 wt% |
| Acidity as acetic acid | ≤0.005 wt% | ≤0.005 wt% | ≤0.003 wt% |
| Color Pt-Co | ≤10 | ≤5 | ≤5 |
| Distillation range at 101.3 kPa | 71.8–73.0 °C | 71.8–73.0 °C | 71.8–73.0 °C |
A certificate of analysis for this product is generated using the vinyl acetate monomer specification ASTM D2190 together with corresponding test methods. Hydroquinone is quantified according to ASTM D2193, water by Karl Fischer titration according to ASTM D1364, acidity as acetic acid by ASTM D1613, and color by ASTM D1209. The distillation range is reported under ASTM D1078. Gas chromatographic area normalization is applied for purity; impurities reported include acetaldehyde, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, and crotonaldehyde. The industrial-grade stream does not have the low aldehyde ceilings imposed on polyvinyl alcohol feedstock. If a receiving plant uses near-infrared or Raman inline monitoring, the calibration set should include monomer lots spanning 20–30 ppm hydroquinone because the inhibitor absorbance can interfere with spectral purity predictions.
Storage tanks should be blanketed with nitrogen at 20–50 kPa gauge and maintained below 30 °C; hydroquinone efficiency depends on dissolved oxygen, and oxygen depletion in nitrogen-blanketed tanks makes the hydroquinone concentration the controlling inhibitor. Under these conditions, the monomer remains free of polymer fines and pumpable, although periodic inhibitor monitoring is required if ambient storage exceeds 3 months.
Exterior wall latex binders based on this monomer are commonly produced by semi-batch emulsion polymerization in jacketed stainless-steel reactors. The monomer is fed as a pre-emulsion alongside an aqueous initiator solution. Hydroquinone at 20–30 ppm partitions partially into the aqueous phase, where it consumes sulfate ion radicals generated from potassium persulfate thermal decomposition. In a reactor operating at 75–82 °C, the induction period is extended relative to a 3–5 ppm grade; production-scale operations compensate with a redox couple such as sodium persulfate/sodium metabisulfite at 0.10–0.20 wt% based on total monomer, or they add an initial oxidizer spike before the monomer feed begins.
In a 20,000 L stainless-steel jacketed reactor with a straight-wall height-to-diameter ratio of 2.5:1 to 3.5:1 and a pitched-blade turbine operating at 80–130 W/m³, the main failure mode is delayed particle nucleation. When a shift team charges the full persulfate dose at the same time as a 20–30 ppm hydroquinone monomer feed without a redox couple, first-hour conversion may remain below 20 %, leaving a large reservoir of unreacted monomer. The subsequent nucleation burst leads to temperature overshoot, loss of cooling control, and higher coagulum on the reactor wall. Reactor cooling systems sized for 350–500 W/m² heat removal are used to manage the exotherm; vinyl acetate polymerization has an enthalpy of approximately 87.8 kJ/mol. A typical semi-batch monomer feed lasts 3–4 h, with a post-feed cook of 60–90 min. The temperature control band is kept at ±3 °C during the first 45 min of the feed because inhibitor depletion and the onset of rapid polymerization can produce a monomer accumulation spike. Published data for this specific configuration is limited; therefore, the processing window is based on standard persulfate-initiated VAM/acrylic semi-batch emulsion polymerization rather than supplier-guaranteed values.
For low-cost exterior wall latex binders, the copolymer composition is typically vinyl acetate with butyl acrylate or VeoVa 10 at a mass ratio near 85:15 to 75:25. The resulting binder glass transition temperature is adjusted with the acrylic comonomer; many exterior wall latex binders target 5–20 °C to balance crack resistance and block resistance. The particle size of the final latex is typically 150–300 nm when the surfactant package includes an anionic/nonionic blend at 1.0–2.5 wt% based on total monomer. Delayed nucleation caused by the inhibitor tends to produce a larger particle size and lower particle number; this can reduce viscosity at a given solids content. Consequently, thickener demand in the formulated exterior wall paint may increase by 0.1–0.3 wt% associative thickener to reach the same KU viscosity. This shift is process-specific and should be confirmed by pilot-batch rheology measurements rather than assumed from monomer-level data. Post-feed cooking at 75–82 °C reduces residual vinyl acetate below 0.5 wt%.
Formulation of a low-cost exterior wall latex paint from this monomer-derived binder typically occurs at pigment volume concentrations of 45–55 %, with calcium carbonate, talc, and titanium dioxide as the main pigments. The polymer binder produced from Industrial Grade VAM HQ 20–30 ppm is evaluated under GB/T 9755-2014 for exterior wall coating performance, including water resistance, alkali resistance, and scrub resistance. Because this monomer grade may carry slightly higher acetaldehyde levels than high-purity VAM, the final latex can exhibit a mild aldehyde odor during film drying; this odor is not typically a rejection criterion for exterior wall applications. The low-cost monomer selection does not remove the need for coalescent adjustment, defoamer compatibility, or rheology modification. High-shear dispersion of pigment pastes should be conducted before binder let-down to avoid shear-induced destabilization of the vinyl acetate copolymer.
| Requirement | Standard or method | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| Exterior wall synthetic resin emulsion coating | GB/T 9755-2014 | Defines coating class and durability tests |
| Scrub resistance | GB/T 9266-2009 | Measures wet scrub cycles of the dried film |
| Water resistance | GB/T 1733-1993 | Immersion test for blistering and film softening |
| Alkali resistance | GB/T 9265-2009 | Evaluates coating over alkaline masonry surfaces |
The operational envelope of Industrial Grade VAM HQ 20–30 ppm is limited to commodity architectural binders. The grade is not selected for polyvinyl alcohol production, where high aldehyde content affects color and degree of polymerization. It is also not appropriate for food-contact coatings or adhesives that must comply with FDA 21 CFR 175.105, FDA 21 CFR 175.300, or EU 10/2011 migration limits, because the broader impurity profile and hydroquinone level may exceed intended use restrictions. Low-color automotive or high-clarity film applications should use the 3–5 ppm high-purity grade. If the monomer is stored in unlined carbon steel at temperatures above 40 °C, hydroquinone can be consumed by metal-catalyzed oxidation, and a viscosity increase caused by low-molecular-weight polyvinyl acetate may occur. The product is compatible with stainless steel and aluminum equipment but is not recommended for use with copper or copper alloys in storage, because copper ions can accelerate hydroquinone depletion and cause discoloration. Ketones or strong oxidizing agents should not be mixed with the monomer. When the polymerization recipe cannot tolerate an induction delay or requires very low extractables, a lower inhibitor grade is the appropriate substitution.
