| HS Code | 166867 |
| Appearance | White powder |
| Viscosity 5 Wt Ethanol 25 C | 8-14 mPa·s |
| Molecular Weight Mw | 120,000-150,000 g/mol |
| Hydroxyl Content | 18-20 wt% |
| Butyral Content | 70-75 wt% |
| Acetate Content | ≤1 wt% |
| Moisture Content | ≤0.5 wt% |
| Ash Content | ≤0.1 wt% |
| Softening Point | 75-85°C |
| Glass Transition Temperature | 60-70°C |
| Specific Gravity | 1.08-1.10 |
| Refractive Index | 1.485-1.495 |
As an accredited B14HX Chang Chun PVB Resin factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | B14HX Chang Chun PVB Resin is supplied in 20 kg polyethylene-lined paper bags, ensuring moisture protection during storage and transport. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | B14HX Chang Chun PVB Resin is loaded in a 20′ FCL, palletized and shrink-wrapped, with dunnage to prevent cargo shift. |
| Shipping | B14HX Chang Chun PVB Resin ships in sealed, moisture-resistant bags or drums to prevent contamination. Keep away from ignition sources and store in a cool, dry area. Use grounded containers during transport, and follow standard chemical handling protocols to ensure safe delivery. |
| Storage | Store B14HX Chang Chun PVB Resin in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight, heat sources, and open flames. Keep containers tightly sealed to prevent moisture absorption and contamination. Avoid stacking damage. Maintain moderate temperatures and observe shelf life recommendations. Ensure proper labeling and segregation from incompatible materials. |
| Shelf Life | B14HX Chang Chun PVB Resin has a typical shelf life of one year when stored in a cool, dry, sealed container. |
For blast-cleaned steel and conversion-coated aluminium, Chang Chun B14HX polyvinyl butyral resin is introduced as the binder component in two-component acid-catalysed wash primers. The resin is pre-dissolved in anhydrous isopropanol or an 85:15 w/w isopropanol–n-butanol blend at 8–10 wt% solids, then blended with a pigment paste containing zinc tetroxychromate or zinc phosphate at 5–8 wt%, isopropanol-diluted phosphoric acid at 2.0–4.5 wt% of the final mixed product, and silica-based matting agent at 0.5–1.0 wt%. The B14HX hydroxy groups participate in acid-catalysed crosslinking with phosphate species after evaporation of the alcohol solvent, forming a water-insoluble phosphate complex at the metal interface. Mixing is carried out with a Cowles disperser fitted with a 150–200 mm high-vane blade at 800–1,200 rpm for 15–20 min, holding batch temperature below 30°C to prevent acid-catalysed hydrolysis of the PVB acetal rings. Pot life after component combination is 8–12 h at 25°C; viscosity rise beyond 25% of the initial 18–22 s DIN 4 mm cup value indicates polymer degradation. Relevant control documents include ISO 12944-5:2019 for selection of protective paint systems on structural steel in corrosivity categories C2–C3, ISO 9227:2017 for neutral salt spray testing, and legacy aerospace etching primer specification MIL-C-8514 where required. Terminal products are single-coat etch primers on structural steel columns, welded ship block seams, and aircraft aluminium skins before topcoating. The primary operational boundary is incompatibility with amine-blocked epoxy topcoats applied directly over uncured acidic primer films.
Because B14HX contributes low-viscosity melt rheology without reducing the hydroxyl concentration available for glass adhesion, it is compounded with higher-viscosity PVB grades in a segmented co-rotating twin-screw extruder of 40:1–52:1 L/D ratio to regulate melt elasticity and reduce torque during PVB sheet production. In this application, B14HX is typically blended at 10–30 wt% of total PVB solids, while plasticizer—triethylene glycol bis(2-ethylhexanoate) or tetraethylene glycol di-n-heptanoate—is injected at 22–35 phr into the sixth barrel zone using a heated diaphragm metering pump at 60–70°C to maintain a kinematic viscosity below 60 mPa·s. Barrel temperatures are profiled from 120°C in the feed zone to 175–195°C at the die; mass temperature above 205°C for more than 90 s initiates irreversible yellowing and acetic acid formation. Melt pressure at the die lip is normally maintained between 6 and 10 MPa; fluctuations greater than ±0.8 MPa at constant screw speed indicate resin–plasticizer phase separation or undispersed B14HX agglomerates. The extruded sheet is chilled on a 12–16°C casting roll with a surface roughness of Ra 0.4–0.8 µm to prevent blocking. Automotive laminated glass produced from the sheet must pass ECE R43:2016 luminous transmittance of at least 70% for windshields, ISO 12543-2:2022 laminated safety glass requirements, and ISO 12543-4:2022 durability test methods. Autoclave bonding is conducted at 135–145°C and 1.1–1.3 MPa for 60–90 min; glass-side adhesion after lamination is controlled to 3–7 pummel units using OEM procurement specifications and a conditioned specimen set at -18°C, 23°C, and 50°C. A processing boundary: B14HX by itself at plasticizer levels below 20 phr exhibits poor melt strength for sheet casting; at levels above 35 phr, glass interfacial adhesion decreases and migration into vinyl dashboard surfaces under 85°C ageing has been reported. Terminal products include laminated windshields, sidelight glass, and roof panels. Published B14HX-specific rheology master curves for commercial windshields are limited; the above ranges reflect common PVB interlayer formulation targets from equipment manufacturers.
During tape casting of submicron barium titanate and alumina slips, B14HX is dissolved at 6–9 wt% of total slip mass in an azeotropic solvent system consisting of toluene–ethanol 65:35 w/w or toluene–methyl ethyl ketone 50:50 w/w. The ceramic phase—barium titanate, alumina, or glass-ceramic filler—is milled in a planetary ball mill at 220–280 rpm for 12–18 h with 0.5–1.0 wt% phosphate ester dispersant, then mixed with B14HX solution and a phthalate-free plasticizer at 20–35 parts per 100 parts resin solids. Typical B14HX binder ratio is 4–8 wt% relative to ceramic powder mass for alumina tape; for submicron barium titanate dielectrics, the resin ratio is raised to 8–12 wt% to achieve green density above 58% of theoretical. The milled slip is de-aired under 0.08–0.10 bar absolute pressure for 30–60 min, then tape-cast onto silicone-coated polyester film using a doctor blade gap of 100–250 µm and a carrier speed of 0.5–1.5 m/min. Drying occurs in a three-zone oven at 40°C, 60°C, and 80°C, with solvent dew point kept below -10°C; residual solvent above 2.0 wt% of green tape causes delamination during burnout. Burnout is performed in a box furnace with air exchange at 6–10 volume changes per hour: ramp from 25°C to 220°C at 0.5°C/min, hold 1 h, ramp to 450°C at 1.0°C/min, hold 2 h, then sinter. In-process qualification includes ASTM C1025-15 flexural testing of sintered alumina strips and AEC-Q200 temperature cycling for MLCC chip terminations after sintering. The main process threshold is the overlap between B14HX decomposition onset near 180–220°C and carbon residue generation; too fast a ramp above 2.0°C/min in this interval produces black-core residues and reduces sintered strength by more than 15%. Terminal products include multilayer ceramic capacitor dielectric tapes, alumina substrates for power modules, and LTCC glass-ceramic sheets for RF modules. Published B14HX-specific burnout curves are limited, so furnace profiles above are based on PVB binder class data and must be confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis.
After inline corona treatment has raised polyethylene or biaxially oriented polypropylene film surface energy above 38 mN/m, B14HX is utilized as a low-viscosity binder in solvent-based flexographic and gravure inks for surface-printed or laminated polyolefin packaging. The resin is dissolved in ethyl acetate–n-propanol 70:30 w/w at 10–15 wt% solids and let down with a nitrocellulose-compatible polyurethane at a B14HX-to-PU solids ratio of 60:40 to 40:60. Total resin addition is 8–14 wt% of the ink formulation; ink viscosity is adjusted to 18–25 s on a DIN 4 mm flow cup at 23°C with a solvent mixture having a relative evaporation rate of 1.6–2.0 referenced to n-butyl acetate. Pigment dispersion is carried out in a bead mill charged with 0.6–1.0 mm yttria-stabilized zirconia media, running at 1,000–1,400 rpm for 25–40 min, with slurry temperature maintained below 35°C to prevent nitrocellulose de-esterification and subsequent PVB incompatibility. The ink is applied by a flexographic press with 120–180 line/cm anilox rolls and 70–80% volume transfer; corona-treated low-density polyethylene film must maintain a wetting tension of at least 38–40 mN/m measured by ISO 8296:2003 dyne pens within 2 h of printing. Compliance for food packaging is governed by EU 10/2011 specific migration limits and FDA 21 CFR 175.300 for indirect additives, provided that the pigment and slip agents are separately cleared. Lamination bond strength after polyethylene extrusion-lamination is evaluated by peeling at 100 mm/min using a 500 N tensile tester; values below 1.5 N/15 mm are generally caused by residual ink solvent above 500 mg/m². Terminal products include confectionery wrappers, snack food laminates, and release-linerless labels. A restriction is that finished inks containing B14HX should not be diluted with methylene chloride or high-aromatic solvent blends, because the acetal ring undergoes acid-catalysed cleavage in the presence of chlorinated solvent breakdown products.
As wind-load service temperatures exceed 50°C on exterior facades, architectural laminated safety glass based on B14HX-containing PVB sheet is qualified under multiple test matrices for balustrades, facades, and overhead glazing. The PVB sheet formulation in this segment uses B14HX at 5–15 wt% of total PVB resin to shift shear modulus in thin interlayers, with plasticizer content typically 24–30 phr and sheet thickness from 0.38 mm to 1.52 mm. Glass lamination is performed on a flat-bed pre-press with roll pressure of 0.4–0.6 bar and surface temperature of 60–90°C, followed by autoclave exposure at 132–140°C and 1.1–1.2 MPa for 45–75 min. The resulting glazing composite must satisfy ISO 12543-3:2022 laminated glass requirements, ISO 12543-4:2022 durability classifications, and ASTM C1172-19 laminate durability criteria for humidity and temperature cycling. Table 1 lists the principal compliance matrix for B14HX-containing architectural laminates. The critical test condition for exterior applications is the combined effect of asymmetric thermal loading and wind pressure as described in EN 14449:2005 clause 5.2, where interlayer creep is measured under 2,000 Pa service wind load at 60°C black-globe temperature. B14HX grade selection influences the creep recovery time: processed laminates with higher hydroxyl content show higher glass adhesion but slower shear relaxation; the sheet supplier normally adjusts PVB hydroxyl content within the 18–22 mol% window to maintain shear modulus below the specified 0.14 MPa at 50°C and 3 s load duration used in finite-element design. Terminal products include impact-rated balcony glazing, hurricane-resistant windows under ASTM E1996-17 missile levels, and sound-insulating laminated glass. The operational boundary is that moisture in the PVB sheet must be below 0.25 wt% at layup; above this, delamination bubbles appear after autoclaving under low-glass-temperature conditions.
| Standard | Clause / Test | Parameter | Acceptance criterion for B14HX-containing laminates |
|---|---|---|---|
| ISO 12543-1:2022 | Laminated safety glass definitions | Interlayer system | PVB sheet, no air inclusions greater than 0.5 mm |
| ISO 12543-3:2022 | Laminated glass requirements | Penetration resistance | No penetration per classification |
| ISO 12543-4:2022 | Durability test methods | Temperature, humidity, UV ageing | Δ YI ≤ 2, haze ≤ 1% |
| ASTM C1172-19 | Laminated architectural flat glass | Heat and humidity cycling | No bubbles, no delamination |
| ASTM E1996-17 | Windborne debris impact | Missile level C/D | No penetration per test |
| EN 14449:2005 | Glass in building — laminated glass | Creep and shear modulus | Design shear modulus validated at 60°C |
In temporary peelable protective coating operations for precision glass, polished stainless steel, and painted panels, B14HX is formulated into a low-tack maskant at 10–15 wt% solids in ethanol or isopropanol with 5–15 phr of tricresyl phosphate or dibutyl phthalate as plasticizer. The solution is applied by spray or flow coating at 25–40°C to give a dry film thickness of 30–60 µm. Drying at 60°C for 10–15 min leaves a UV-transparent, manually peelable film. Qualification is by ASTM D3359-23 cross-cut adhesion and ASTM D638-14 tensile elongation on free films. The main operational boundary is that the film should be removed within 6 months if exposed to outdoor UV, because prolonged photo-oxidation of PVB reduces peelability and leaves residue on polished surfaces.
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Polyvinyl butyral resin grade B14HX is manufactured by Chang Chun Petrochemical Co., Ltd. through acid-catalyzed acetalization of polyvinyl alcohol with butyraldehyde. The product is supplied as a free-flowing white powder and is used as a film-forming binder in acid-catalyzed wash primers, metal coil coatings, ceramic decal media, and heat-seal adhesives. In the Chang Chun PVB portfolio, the B14HX designation identifies a medium-high molecular weight grade with a nominal vinyl alcohol content in the 14–17 wt% range and a butyral content of 80–83 wt%; these values are determined by wet chemical titration according to DIN 53240-2. A typical 10 wt% solution in 95:5 ethanol/water at 25 °C exhibits a Brookfield viscosity of 15–25 mPa·s when measured at 60 rpm using an LV spindle set. Unlike lower-viscosity grades used for low-solids inks, B14HX is selected where film toughness, metal adhesion, and crosslinker compatibility are required. The material is qualified for two-component metal pretreatment primers in which phosphoric acid and zinc tetroxy chromate or zinc phosphate are dispersed in the resin solution to create an etch primer with measurable crosshatch adhesion on aluminum and cold-rolled steel.
Control of the wash-primer adhesion window begins with residual vinyl alcohol content. The 14–17 wt% hydroxyl functionality in B14HX provides hydrogen-bonding sites for adhesion to metal oxide surfaces while limiting water sensitivity when compared with 20–23 wt% hydroxyl grades. Residual acetyl content of 1–3 wt% and the degree of butyral substitution influence solvent compatibility and film elongation. The glass transition temperature of the neat resin is typically 70–76 °C by ASTM D3418-21; density is 1.08 g/cm³ when tested under ISO 1183-1:2019. In a standard wash-primer formula, the resin is combined with phosphoric acid and anti-corrosive pigment at a pH between 2.5 and 4.0. The acid component etches the substrate and promotes adhesion, while the PVB binder contributes tensile strength and protection against moisture ingress. Film performance is evaluated by spray application at 8–12 µm dry film thickness onto 2024-T3 aluminum or cold-rolled steel panels. Crosshatch adhesion is measured according to ASTM D3359-17 after 24 h at 25 °C; a classification of 5B is typically obtained on degreased aluminum when the phosphoric acid activation is within specification. High-humidity exposure before application should be avoided; if powder has been stored at relative humidity above 60%, it is pre-dried at 60 °C for 2–4 h before dissolution to prevent viscosity drift.
Because the wash-primer performance window is narrow, pH control is critical. At pH values below 2.5, excessive acid can attack aluminum substrates and create smut, while at pH above 4.0 the etch activation is incomplete and crosshatch adhesion falls to 3B or lower. The acid tolerance of B14HX is higher than lower-molecular-weight PVB grades, but extended exposure to acidified solution can reduce molecular weight by acetal hydrolysis. Therefore, two-component wash primers are mixed in batches that can be applied within 8 h; viscosity is checked at 0 h and 8 h by a Brookfield viscometer to detect acid-catalyzed degradation. If viscosity drops by more than 10%, the batch is discarded.
| Property | Test method | Typical range |
| Butyral content | DIN 53240-2 | 80–83 wt% |
| Vinyl alcohol content | DIN 53240-2 | 14–17 wt% |
| Acetyl content | ASTM D1396-14 | 1–3 wt% |
| Solution viscosity | ASTM D2196-20 | 15–25 mPa·s at 10 wt% in 95:5 ethanol/water at 25 °C |
| Acid value | ASTM D974-21 | ≤0.5 mg KOH/g |
| Ash content | ASTM D5630-13 | ≤0.05 wt% |
| Density | ISO 1183-1:2019 | 1.08 g/cm³ |
| Glass transition temperature | ASTM D3418-21 | 70–76 °C |
The above ranges are representative of supplier technical literature and do not replace the certificate of analysis for lot release.
In a solvent-borne wash-primer or metal coating, B14HX is commonly dissolved at 10–15 wt% solids in a blend of methyl ethyl ketone, ethanol, and water. A production batch is typically prepared in a jacketed stainless steel vessel equipped with a high-shear disperser. The powder is added slowly to the vortex at 1,200–1,500 rpm, and the batch temperature is maintained between 25 °C and 40 °C to avoid solvent loss and color formation. After 60–90 min, the solution is filtered through a 25–50 µm bag filter and a 10 µm cartridge filter before spray application. The resulting solution is shear-thinning; Brookfield viscosity at 60 rpm is 15–25 mPa·s for a 10 wt% solution, while cone-plate viscosity at 1,000 reciprocal seconds is usually lower, which improves atomization during spray coating. Dissolved moisture content, free acid level, and resin lot molar mass affect final solution stability. A sealed batch stored at 25 °C typically shows viscosity drift of less than 5% over 72 h; open containers may form a surface skin due to solvent evaporation. For airless spray application, a 30:1 or 45:1 pump fitted with a 60 mesh screen is used; pressures between 80 bar and 120 bar are adequate for a 10–15 wt% solution. The coating is applied as a thin film and allowed to flash at 20–25 °C for 10–15 min before baking or air-drying.
Additives that neutralize the acid catalyst, particularly free amine dispersants, are avoided in acid-catalyzed wash primers because they raise pH above the etch-activation range and reduce adhesion on aluminum. Formulators should verify additive compatibility in the specified solvent blend because aliphatic hydrocarbon diluents above 20 vol% can induce phase separation. On production lines, batch-to-batch variance in solution viscosity is typically controlled within ±2 mPa·s; outside this band, spray transfer efficiency drops and film thickness control becomes difficult.
When B14HX is used as a thermoplastic binder for film or heat-seal adhesives, plasticizer selection is governed by solubility parameter matching and migration resistance. Common plasticizers include dibutyl phthalate, diisononyl phthalate, dibutyl sebacate, and triethylene glycol bis(2-ethylhexanoate). Plasticizer compatibility is tested by casting films at 20–40 phr plasticizer on a laboratory drawdown bar with a wet film gap of 200 µm. Drying is performed at 25 °C for 24 h followed by 60 °C for 2 h. Film clarity, tensile strength, elongation at break, and plasticizer exudation are measured. Tensile properties of unplasticized B14HX films are typically 25–35 MPa tensile strength and 10–20% elongation at break under ASTM D638-14. Plasticized films can exceed 100% elongation at break, but published data for this specific configuration is limited; formulators should conduct ASTM D638-14 and ASTM D1002-10 testing on their exact formulation. Extrusion of B14HX-based compounds for sheet or film requires predrying at 60–70 °C for 2–4 h before processing. A vented twin-screw extruder with L/D 30:1 and barrel temperatures between 180 °C and 210 °C is used; screw speeds of 150–250 rpm and melt pressures below 100 bar are typical. Excessive melt temperature above 220 °C should be avoided because acetal degradation leads to color change and free aldehyde generation.
On a production film line, plasticizer absorption is monitored by measuring film glass transition temperature by dynamic mechanical analysis. An increase in plasticizer from 20 phr to 40 phr typically lowers the peak loss modulus temperature by 15–20 °C for this PVB class. This shift is useful for setting heat-seal initiation temperatures, but the exact value must be determined on the target formulation because plasticizer efficiency varies with molecular weight and hydroxyl content.
Selection among B-08H, B14HX, and B-20H is controlled primarily by residual hydroxyl content and solution viscosity. B-08H exhibits a nominal vinyl alcohol content near 8–10 wt% and a solution viscosity of 5–10 mPa·s at 10 wt% in ethanol/water; it provides broad solubility in aromatic/aliphatic solvent systems but lower crosslink density with phenolic or isocyanate crosslinkers. B-20H exhibits a nominal vinyl alcohol content near 20–23 wt% and a solution viscosity of 30–45 mPa·s; it provides higher adhesion to glass and polar metals and greater reactivity with thermosetting resins but requires stronger polar solvent packages and shows increased equilibrium moisture uptake. B14HX occupies the intermediate position, with balanced solvent tolerance, film toughness, and metal wetting. Compared with PVB grades from other suppliers, the B14HX grade is not automatically interchangeable with similar nominal hydroxyl content products because differences in molecular weight distribution, residual acetyl distribution, and solution viscosity can alter lap-shear strength, spray transfer efficiency, and storage stability. Side-by-side qualification using ASTM D1002-10 for adhesive lap shear, ASTM D3359-17 for coating adhesion, and ASTM D2196-20 for solution rheology is required before substitution. When compared with lower-viscosity PVB grades in a coil coating primer, B14HX typically requires a higher solvent volume to reach the same application solids but provides greater film thickness per pass and higher elongation before tensile yield under ASTM D638-14.
| Grade | Nominal vinyl alcohol content | Brookfield viscosity at 10 wt% | Typical solvent package | Primary use |
| B-08H | 8–10 wt% | 5–10 mPa·s | MEK/ethanol/aromatic | Low-solids inks and coatings |
| B14HX | 14–17 wt% | 15–25 mPa·s | MEK/ethanol/water | Wash primers and metal adhesives |
| B-20H | 20–23 wt% | 30–45 mPa·s | Ethanol/water/glycol ether | Glass and polar-metal adhesives |
Substitution with a lower-hydroxyl PVB grade in a wash primer may reduce solvent cost but can lower crosshatch adhesion to 2B under ASTM D3359-17 if the resin cannot wet the etched metal surface. Substitution with a higher-hydroxyl PVB grade may increase crosslink density but can raise solution viscosity beyond spray equipment limits and cause condensation blistering in humid service. Thus B14HX is often selected as the intermediate grade for metal primers requiring a balance of adhesion, moisture resistance, and high-shear spray stability. Comparative accelerated weathering under ASTM G154-16 is recommended when changing grades; published data for the exact B14HX formulation in cyclic condensation is limited. Process operators should monitor lot-specific hydroxyl value and solution viscosity because these two parameters exert the greatest influence on acid-catalyzed wash-primer performance. The resin is dried before use and protected from high-humidity storage; open bags are not recommended for extended storage. The material is generally considered compliant with REACH and RoHS for industrial use; food-contact status must be verified against the specific formulation under 21 CFR 175.105 or 21 CFR 177.1670 because the neat resin itself is not a food-contact article.
