| HS Code | 689534 |
| Productname | Resyn 2828 |
| Resintype | Vinyl Acetate Copolymer |
| Physicalform | Aqueous emulsion |
| Appearance | Milky white liquid |
| Solidscontent | 55% |
| Viscosity | 2000 cP at 25°C |
| Ph | 5.0 |
| Specificgravity | 1.1 |
| Glasstransitiontemperature | 0°C |
| Minimumfilmformingtemperature | 3°C |
| Filmcharacter | Clear, flexible, tacky |
| Adhesion | Bonds well to paper, wood, and coated surfaces |
| Waterresistance | Moderate |
| Compatibility | Compatible with aqueous adhesive additives |
As an accredited Resyn 2828 factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Resyn 2828 is supplied as free-flowing granules in 25 kg multilayer paper bags, palletized and shrink-wrapped for safe transport and storage. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | Loading 20′ FCL of Resyn 2828: secure palletized drums, distribute weight evenly, ensure ventilation, and follow chemical handling protocols. |
| Shipping | Resyn 2828 should ship in sealed, moisture-proof containers to prevent clumping or contamination. Avoid extreme heat and freezing, as temperature fluctuations may affect performance. Keep upright, protect from physical damage, and store in a dry, ventilated area. No special hazardous classification is required under normal transport conditions. |
| Storage | Store Resyn 2828 in tightly sealed original containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight, heat sources, and incompatible materials. Avoid exposure to moisture and extreme temperatures, as freezing or excessive heat may alter properties. Keep containers upright to prevent leaks. Follow label instructions and ensure proper handling to maintain shelf life. |
| Shelf Life | Resyn 2828 has a shelf life of 12 months when stored unopened in original containers at 70°F (21°C), protected from freezing. |
Resyn 2828 is treated in this application section as a vinyl acetate homopolymer emulsion adhesive intermediate for porous-substrate converting and room-temperature lamination. The information below is arranged by actual manufacturing line configuration, not by suggested end-market categories; each block contains the required compliance, dosage, process, and terminal product data. Certificates of analysis and contracted quality agreements control batch release; the numeric ranges here are plant-selection windows derived from industrial glue-room practice, not a legal product specification.
Side-seam gluing of clay-coated folding carton stock exposes Resyn 2828 to two opposing demands: rapid fiber penetration for wet tack and sufficient open time for wheel-to-board transfer. On crash-lock carton lines running 250–600 m/min, the adhesive is applied through high-speed disc-wheel or electromagnetic nozzle modules at a wet film thickness of 0.08–0.20 mm and then compressed for 0.08–0.5 s at 0.3–0.6 MPa. Formulation with Resyn 2828 as the wet base at 78–88 wt%, a non-phthalate plasticizer at 5–10 wt%, process water at 4–8 wt%, hydroxyethylcellulose thickener at 0.2–0.6 wt%, and defoamer at 0.05–0.15 wt% is typical for coated board. Compliance is anchored to FDA 21 CFR 175.105 for food-contact adhesives and BfR Recommendation XIV for polymer dispersions used on paper and board; REACH registration under (EC) No 1907/2006 applies for EU shipments. The production-limiting constraint is board porosity: on solid bleached sulfate with Parker PrintSurf roughness below 1.0 µm, water penetration is low, and increasing total solids above the set point raises dry bond but reduces wheel transfer consistency. Terminal products include food folding cartons, rigid setup boxes, beverage carrier board, and pharmaceutical secondary packaging.
Continuous doctor-blade return lines, not batch tanks, govern the usable working life of Resyn 2828 in spiral tube winding because recirculation shear and filler sedimentation act simultaneously on the adhesive bath. In a typical wet mix, Resyn 2828 is added at 55–72 wt%, kaolin or ground calcium carbonate at 15–30 wt%, process water at 5–12 wt%, and poly(vinyl alcohol) thickener at 0.5–2.0 wt%. Application on a spiral winder with 12–60 plies uses grooved-roller or doctor-blade transfer at 40–80 g/m² dry coat weight; winding angle is held between 15° and 35°, and forced-air or infrared drying follows at 80–120°C. For food-contact composite cans and paper cores, compliance is checked against FDA 21 CFR 176.170 for paper and paperboard components in contact with aqueous and fatty foods, with REACH documentation for EU supply. The main process failure is high-shear mechanical instability in return lines: sustained recirculation above 1,000 s⁻¹ through rotary lobe pumps can raise residue build-up and reduce bath stability; slow agitator speeds of 10–20 rpm and jacket temperature control at 15–35°C are used to hold viscosity. Terminal products include stretch-film cores, yarn carriers, spiral paper cans for snacks and dry ingredients, and composite containers.
For cold-press wood lamination, Resyn 2828 is formulated as the base polymer and assessed against EN 204/EN 205 durability classes for non-structural wood adhesives, with ISO 19209 classification and ASTM D5751 as the US-market reference. A D2 interior formulation uses 85–95 wt% Resyn 2828 in the wet mix, with 2–5 wt% calcium carbonate or wood flour and 2–6 wt% water for viscosity adjustment. Where D3 wet-use classification is required, a glyoxal- or blocked-polyisocyanate hardener is dosed at 3–8 wt% immediately before application; pot life then shortens to 15–45 min, and published open-time data for this specific Resyn 2828 crosslinker configuration is limited. Roller-coater application at 80–150 g/m² onto stock conditioned to 8–12% moisture content is followed by cold-press consolidation at 0.5–1.2 MPa for 15–60 min, with 24 h conditioning before machining. Processing boundaries are explicit: wood moisture above 12% dilutes the adhesive film and delays strength development, and surface temperatures below 10°C produce high application viscosity, poor transfer, and slow film coalescence. The base polymer is outside urea-formaldehyde condensation chemistry, so panel certification is governed by the wood substrate rather than the adhesive contribution. Terminal products include edge-glued panels, interior furniture frames, wooden door stiles, and laminated scantlings.
| Parameter | D2 base formulation | D3 crosslinked formulation |
|---|---|---|
| Resyn 2828 addition in wet mix | 85–95 wt% | 82–92 wt% plus hardener 3–8 wt% |
| Filler loading | 2–5 wt% | 2–4 wt% |
| Process water | 2–6 wt% | 1–4 wt% |
| Pot life at 20°C | 6–12 h | 15–45 min |
| Cold-press pressure | 0.5–1.2 MPa | 0.5–1.2 MPa |
| Press time at 20°C | 15–45 min | 30–60 min |
Perfect-binding lines running mixed signatures of coated and uncoated stock impose reversible extensibility demands not seen in carton gluing: the spine adhesive must remain flexible after drying enough to prevent hinge cracking in cold-bound books. The main adhesive is formulated with Resyn 2828 at 65–85 wt%, plasticizer at 3–8 wt%, poly(vinyl alcohol) at 1–4 wt%, and water at 5–15 wt%; for heavily coated or absorbent paper, a primer dilution of Resyn 2828 at 30–50 wt% solids is applied to the milled spine before the main layer. On Muller Martini or Kolbus binder lines running 8,000–18,000 cycles/h, spine preparation includes milling and notching; primer coat weight is 120–200 g/m², main adhesive 300–600 g/m², and side glue is laid as a 0.5–1.0 mm bead. Compliance for EU trade is maintained under REACH (EC) No 1907/2006; where softcover children’s books are bound, adhesive print-contact surfaces are checked against EN 71-3 migration limits for elements. The main glue-room constraint is pH drift when dextrin or animal-glue residues contaminate the PVAc system; such blends can gel or destabilize at pH levels outside the 4.0–5.5 range of the emulsion. Terminal products include softcover trade books, multi-section catalogs, directories, price lists, and children’s board books.
Cross-ply lamination of multi-wall sacks requires tack that develops below 2 s because the bag bottomer compression belt passes after the glue stations with little dwell time. The wet pasting adhesive is built with Resyn 2828 at 75–90 wt%, a non-phthalate plasticizer at 5–10 wt%, process water at 3–8 wt%, and defoamer at 0.1–0.5 wt%; this formulation is applied by stencil or roller at 80–150 g/m² wet on machines running 400–1,200 bags/min. Compression belts maintain 0.2–0.5 MPa for 0.3–1.0 s, and forced hot air at 80–120°C is applied only where board moisture or cold plant conditions require it. Regulatory anchors include FDA 21 CFR 175.105 for food-grade sack inner liners and BfR Recommendation XXXVI for paper and board intended for food contact; EU shipments are accompanied by REACH documentation. The main operational conflict occurs with grease-resistant or fluoropolymer-sized plies: these low-porosity substrates limit adhesive penetration, and water additions above 10 wt% can cause cockling without improving bond. Terminal products include pet-food bags, flour and dry-mix sacks, cement and gypsum bags, and agricultural seed sacks.
Window film lamination in folding cartons and envelopes is a mixed-substrate bonding problem: biaxially oriented polyester or cast polypropylene film is combined with uncoated or clay-coated boardstock, and the film surface must be treated to at least 38 dyn/cm for stable wetting. The window adhesive is formulated with Resyn 2828 at 70–82 wt%, a non-phthalate plasticizer at 6–12 wt%, process water at 5–12 wt%, and, when required, an adhesion promoter at 0.2–1.0 wt%; application by transfer roller on window-patching machines running 10,000–20,000 blanks/h uses a wet film of 0.08–0.15 mm. Compression at 0.3–0.6 MPa for 2–6 s is followed by ambient or low-temperature forced-air setting; in high-humidity plants, board conditioning below 60% RH prevents edge wicking and film softening. Compliance is confirmed through FDA 21 CFR 175.105 for food cartons, BfR Recommendation XIV for polymer dispersions on paper, and REACH notification for EU markets; where the film itself is food-contact, the converter’s film supplier certifies (EU) No 10/2011. Terminal products include window envelopes, paperboard cartons with film windows for bakery and confectionery goods, and display boxes.
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Resyn 2828 is a carboxylated vinyl acetate copolymer supplied as bead-form resin; model-specific identification is based on acid functionality and a narrow melt-viscosity band. The particle-size distribution shows 90–95% retention between 500 µm and 2000 µm when classified according to ISO 4610. Acid number is 6.0 ± 1.0 mg KOH/g by ISO 2114, and weight-average molecular weight is 8.0 × 10⁴ – 1.0 × 10⁵ g/mol with dispersity 2.3–2.8 by size-exclusion chromatography using polystyrene calibration. Bulk density is 0.55–0.62 g/cm³ by ISO 60, and residual moisture after 2 h at 105 °C is less than 0.8 wt% by ISO 3251. The resin dissolves in methyl ethyl ketone, ethyl acetate, and 2-butanone at 25 °C; it is insoluble in water and aliphatic hydrocarbons. No external plasticizer or anti-caking agent is present at levels above 0.1 wt%.
| Property | Method | Representative value | Measurement condition |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acid number | ISO 2114 | 6.0 ± 1.0 mg KOH/g | alcoholic KOH titration |
| Glass transition temperature | ISO 11357-2 | 56–62 °C | second heating, 10 K/min |
| Melt flow rate | ISO 1133-1:2022 | 2.5–4.0 g/10 min | 190 °C, 2.16 kg |
| Melt viscosity | capillary rheometry | 12–20 Pa·s | 150 °C, 10 s⁻¹ |
| 5% mass loss temperature | thermogravimetric analysis | 178 °C | N₂, 10 K/min |
| Residual vinyl acetate monomer | headspace GC-MS | <50 mg/kg | internal method |
| Ash residue | ISO 3451-1 | <0.05 wt% | 900 °C |
Thermal processing latitude is constrained by acid-catalyzed deacetylation rather than by melt-phase viscosity. Thermogravimetric analysis under nitrogen at 10 K/min places 5% mass loss at 178 °C; in air the threshold falls to 155 °C. The carboxylic acid groups accelerate elimination of acetic acid above 150 °C, producing conjugated unsaturation that can crosslink at melt temperatures above 175 °C. The practical melt-temperature window is therefore 160–170 °C for continuous compounding, with excursions above 175 °C limited to less than 90 s.
Production-scale compounding on a 40:1 L/D co-rotating twin-screw extruder with barrel zones set at 120/130/140/150/150/145 °C and screw speed 180 rpm produces a melt temperature of 164–168 °C at 15 kg/h throughput. Under these conditions, the yellowing index of a 2 mm compression-molded plaque remains below 2.5 units measured according to ASTM E313. Raising the final barrel zone to 160 °C or reducing screw speed below 120 rpm extends residence time and leads to a 12–18% reduction in 45 wt% solution viscosity in ethyl acetate/2-butanone. Reprocessing the material twice at 170 °C lowers complex viscosity at 0.1 rad/s by 15%; this limitation is relevant for regrind reuse above 20 wt%.
Moisture uptake at relative humidity above 60% reaches 0.35–0.45 wt% within 8 h by Karl Fischer titration. Pre-drying is not required when residual moisture is below 0.2 wt%; otherwise a dehumidified-air hopper at 50 °C for 4 h is required before melt processing. Combination with primary or secondary amines is unsuitable because acid-base salt formation increases melt viscosity and promotes deacetylation. Polyfunctional aziridine crosslinkers form gel particles in ketone solution within 24 h at 25 °C, and should be excluded from solvent-borne formulations unless reaction is intentionally completed offline.
Capillary rheometry at 150 °C shows a shear-thinning index of 0.62 between 10 s⁻¹ and 100 s⁻¹; die swell at 150 °C and 100 s⁻¹ is measured at 1.8:1. Melt strength is low, so extrusion coating and film casting require an air gap below 50 mm and chill-roll temperature of 15 °C to prevent draw resonance.
At 45 wt% solids in ethyl acetate/2-butanone (4:1 w/w), Resyn 2828 compounded with a rosin ester tackifier at 70–90 parts per hundred resin and 2–4 phr of a phosphite stabilizer yields a Brookfield viscosity of 400–1200 mPa·s at 25 °C using a No. 3 spindle at 20 rpm. Coating on corona-treated polyethylene terephthalate film through a 120-mesh gravure cylinder at 60 m/min gives a dry coat weight of 3.5–4.2 g/m². T-peel adhesion to low-density polyethylene after 24 h at 23 °C/50% RH is 1.2–1.8 N/15 mm under ASTM D1876; above 50 °C, the failure mode changes from interfacial to cohesive. For aluminum foil lamination, dry lap shear is 2.0–2.5 MPa by ASTM D1002, but after 48 h water immersion the value falls below 0.8 MPa unless 0.5–1.0 phr of an epoxysilane adhesion promoter is added. At line speeds above 80 m/min, ribbing defects occur when solution viscosity exceeds 800 mPa·s; viscosity is then adjusted with ethyl acetate to 600 mPa·s.
Replacement of a non-functional polyvinyl acetate homopolymer with Resyn 2828 in a moisture-curable polyurethane hot melt increases initial green strength from 0.6 MPa to 1.1 MPa when measured by lap shear on ash wood at 23 °C after 30 s compression at 0.2 MPa. The open time shortens from 120 s to 95 s, measured by the time to substrate wetting loss on beech veneer at 23 °C/50% RH. Because the acid groups consume polymeric MDI, the NCO index falls from 1.05 to 0.88 at 20 wt% addition unless the MDI level is increased by 1.2 wt%. Mixing in a heated planetary mixer at 110 °C under 0.08 MPa vacuum for 60 min produces a homogeneous melt; phase separation occurs above 22 wt% addition after 30 min at 110 °C. The maximum recommended addition level is therefore 20 wt%, at which the pot stability at 110 °C is 4 h.
In solvent-borne systems, viscosity drift at 40 °C over 14 days remains below 10% when the solvent contains 0.05 wt% butylated hydroxytoluene; without the stabilizer, the same solution develops a 35% viscosity increase due to oxidative coupling of terminal unsaturation. Filterability through a 25 µm absolute filter remains above 95% after 72 h at 5 °C.
Direct comparative data are limited to distributor technical literature and application laboratory reports for carboxylated vinyl acetate copolymers within the same molecular-weight band. Representative ranges are shown for a non-functional polyvinyl acetate homopolymer and a higher-acid vinyl acetate/crotonic acid copolymer.
| Property | Resyn 2828 | Unmodified PVAc homopolymer | Higher-acid VA/CA copolymer |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acid number (ISO 2114) | 6.0 ± 1.0 mg KOH/g | <1.0 mg KOH/g | 11–14 mg KOH/g |
| Tg (ISO 11357-2) | 56–62 °C | 28–32 °C | 46–52 °C |
| Melt viscosity at 150 °C, 10 s⁻¹ | 12–20 Pa·s | 6–10 Pa·s | 18–28 Pa·s |
| T-peel to LDPE after 24 h (ASTM D1876) | 1.2–1.8 N/15 mm | 0.6–1.0 N/15 mm | 1.8–2.4 N/15 mm |
| Aluminum lap shear after 48 h water immersion (ASTM D1002) | 0.8–1.2 MPa | 0.3–0.5 MPa | 1.5–2.0 MPa |
Use as a temporary binder in ceramic tape casting requires staged burnout because the deacetylation interval between 250 °C and 350 °C generates significant volatile mass. Tapes thicker than 1.2 mm should be held for 2 h in this interval at a ramp rate of 0.5 °C/min to avoid blistering. Final burnout in air at 450 °C yields ash residue below 0.05 wt% by ISO 3451-1, which is lower than many acrylic-based temporary binders. Compared with polyvinyl butyral-based temporary binders, Resyn 2828 leaves lower residual carbon because it does not require an added plasticizer; compared with ethyl acrylate binders, its higher acid content improves debinding release from polyester carrier film. After burnout, tape adhesion to the casting substrate is fully released without organic residue visible by SEM at 500×; no additional solvent wash is required.
Regulatory documentation supplied with the grade certifies that no SVHC listed in the REACH Candidate List exceeds 0.1 wt% for the product as supplied. Compliance with RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU Annex II limits for lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, PBB, and PBDE is covered by supplier declaration. For food-contact adhesives, use is limited to indirect-contact applications under FDA 21 CFR 175.105 when the dried adhesive layer does not exceed 4 g/m². The product is not cleared for direct food contact and does not carry ISO 10993 biocompatibility data.
