| HS Code | 802947 |
| Density | 0.955 g/cm³ |
| Vinyl Acetate Content | 28 wt% |
| Melt Flow Rate 190 C 2 16 Kg | 500 g/10 min |
| Melting Point | 65 °C |
| Vicat Softening Point | 50 °C |
| Brittleness Temperature | -70 °C |
| Tensile Strength At Break | 8 MPa |
| Elongation At Break | 700% |
| Hardness Shore A | 80 |
| Flexural Modulus | 28 MPa |
| Specific Gravity | 0.955 |
| Freezing Point | 45 °C |
As an accredited ELVAX 4310 Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Copolymer factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | ELVAX 4310 ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer is supplied as pellets in 25 kg polyethylene-lined bags. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | ELVAX 4310 EVA copolymer shipped in a 20-foot FCL, packed on pallets, secured, dry, and ventilated for safe transport. |
| Shipping | ELVAX 4310 Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Copolymer ships as non-hazardous solid pellets in clean, dry polyethylene-lined bags or bulk containers. Protect from moisture, direct sunlight, and high temperatures to prevent agglomeration. Avoid generating dust; use grounded equipment if handling fines. Standard dry cargo transport is suitable with proper ventilation and secure loading. |
| Storage | Store ELVAX 4310 in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from heat, open flames, and direct sunlight. Keep containers tightly sealed to prevent moisture absorption, which can cause clumping. Avoid storage above 30°C (86°F) to preserve polymer integrity. Use within recommended shelf life and handle with appropriate PPE. |
| Shelf Life | Store in a cool, dry place away from sunlight. Shelf life is typically two years from date of manufacture. |
ELVAX 4310, a 25 wt% vinyl acetate ethylene copolymer with a melt flow rate of 500 g/10 min under ASTM D1238 at 190 °C and 2.16 kg, functions in packaging hot melt systems as a low-molecular-weight backbone that reduces melt viscosity and improves wetting on clay-coated board and recycled corrugate. In production hot melt compounding, the polymer is charged at 18–30 wt% of final adhesive solids, with hydrogenated hydrocarbon tackifier at 35–50 wt%, paraffin or Fischer-Tropsch wax at 20–30 wt%, and hindered phenolic antioxidant at 0.5–1.0 wt%. The low melt viscosity permits wetting of low-energy surfaces without raising application temperature; application equipment is typically set to 160–180 °C, while compounding in a jacketed sigma-blade mixer or a twin-screw extruder is maintained at 140–170 °C to avoid deacetylation. Above 190 °C, prolonged residence time produces acetic acid, amber discoloration, and viscosity drift; production-scale failure records include char deposits on heated hoses and nozzle tips when temperature overshoot exceeds 200 °C for more than 15 min. Viscosity profiles are routinely measured at 180 °C by ASTM D3236-88(2021) with SC4-27 spindles, hot-tack performance is screened under ASTM D4498-07(2022), and thermal stability is evaluated by ASTM D4499-07(2022). Compliance for packaging adhesive applications is governed by FDA 21 CFR 175.105 where the hot melt functions as an indirect food additive behind a functional barrier, by EU Regulation 10/2011 overall migration limits for the finished package, and by REACH registration obligations for EU market entry. Terminal finished product types include corrugated case and carton sealing adhesives, bookbinding spines, hygiene article construction adhesives, and high-speed packaging lines where open time is tuned to less than 10 s; the grade is not recommended for direct-food-contact hot melts without a barrier or for low-temperature freezer-grade formulations where higher vinyl acetate content or plasticizer-modified systems are required.
Paraffin-based paperboard coatings containing ELVAX 4310 are compounded in jacketed kettles at 120–135 °C, with the copolymer added at 1.0–5.0 wt% relative to total wax solids. The 25 wt% vinyl acetate content alters crystalline paraffin network formation, reducing needle penetration and blocking exudation of low-viscosity oil fractions from the paperboard surface. Formulation ranges observed in industrial wax-coating lines are paraffin wax 80–90 wt%, ELVAX 4310 1.0–5.0 wt%, microcrystalline wax 5–15 wt%, and hydrocarbon resin 0–10 wt%. Mixing requires a high-shear turbine impeller to disperse the polymer without exceeding 150 °C; above 160 °C, the copolymer begins to degrade and raises free acidity in the wax, which is detectable as a sharp change in ASTM D1387 saponification number. Coating is performed on curtain coaters or roller coaters with wax bath temperatures between 125 °C and 140 °C. Viscosity is measured on the molten blend at 130 °C under ASTM D445 / ISO 3104, congealing point is determined under ASTM D938-12(2021), and needle penetration at 25 °C is recorded under ASTM D1321-16a. Regulatory references for food-contact paperboard are FDA 21 CFR 176.170 and FDA 21 CFR 176.180 for components of paper and paperboard in contact with aqueous and fatty foods, with compliance limited to the fully formulated wax coating and not to the polymer alone. Terminal finished products include corrugated produce trays, waxed paper wrappers, paper cup coatings, and postal and industrial packaging where moisture resistance and abrasion resistance are required. Exceeding 5.0 wt% ELVAX 4310 in high-oil paraffin significantly increases melt elasticity, producing curtain instability and die buildup on high-speed coaters.
ELVAX 4310 is dissolved into solventborne adhesive systems at 8–20 wt% of total formulation mass, with solid content in coating baths ranging from 20–35 wt% depending on the viscosity limits of the application line. The 25 wt% vinyl acetate content provides solubility in aromatic and ketone solvent blends such as toluene, methyl ethyl ketone, and ethyl acetate; aliphatic-only solvent systems do not reliably dissolve the copolymer above 10 wt% solids and produce swollen gel particles that deposit on gravure sleeves. In production, a stainless steel reactor with a high-shear disperser is charged with solvent, ELVAX 4310 pellets are added slowly under agitation at 20–30 °C, and the batch is held until a clear solution is obtained, typically 2–4 h. Viscosity is controlled at 25 °C using ASTM D2196-20 rotational viscometry, and coating is applied to flexible films or leather substrates by wire-wound rod or reverse gravure at wet film thicknesses of 30–100 μm. Oven drying is set at 60–90 °C with solvent recovery; residual solvent limits in the final article are governed by EU Directive 2010/75/EU and applicable national VOC rules. Compliance for indirect food-contact laminating adhesives references FDA 21 CFR 175.105, and for footwear or automotive interior applications the formulation must meet REACH Annex XVII restrictions and Article 33 SVHC information obligations. Terminal finished products include solventborne contact adhesives for shoe soling, flexible pouch laminates, and acoustic foam adhesion in vehicle interiors. High dilution beyond 85 wt% solvent volume is not recommended because the resulting low polymer network density reduces green strength and increases peel failure under ASTM D903-98(2017) 180° peel testing.
Twin-screw compounding records from a 40:1 L/D co-rotating extruder indicate that ELVAX 4310 can serve as a low-melting carrier resin in additive masterbatches for polyolefin extrusion when a 25 wt% vinyl acetate fraction is required for faster melting and lower specific energy input. In carrier-resin masterbatch formulations, ELVAX 4310 is added at 70–90 wt% of the masterbatch, with active additives such as carbon black, chemical blowing agents, slip agents, or flame-retardant concentrates at 10–30 wt%. The compounding line is operated with a barrel temperature profile of 90–130 °C, die plate at 130 °C, and underwater pelletizer water temperature of 20–25 °C; the high melt index of 500 g/10 min under ASTM D1238 lowers head pressure and allows die-hole loading at higher throughput than lower-melt-index EVA grades. Let-down ratios in the final polyolefin are typically 2–4 wt% masterbatch in LDPE or LLDPE. Regulatory positioning is not based on the masterbatch as a direct food-contact component; finished articles must comply with EU Regulation 10/2011 for food contact, and electrical and electronic applications require RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU compliance with lead below 1000 ppm, cadmium below 100 ppm, and restricted phthalates according to Annex II. Terminal products produced from such masterbatches include colored LDPE films, EVA foam profiles, and flame-retardant cable compounds. Processing limitations include the need to gate feed the polymer pellets and avoid melt temperatures above 150 °C, because deacetylation in the carrier phase can contaminate the additive and create acidity in the final compound.
Coextrusion lines running three-layer cast film have used ELVAX 4310 at 10–20 wt% of the sealant layer to lower seal initiation temperature and improve hot tack on form-fill-seal pouches. The grade is blended with LLDPE or LDPE in a gravimetric dosing system before entering the sealant-layer extruder; the barrel temperature is set from 190–230 °C, adapter and die at 220–240 °C, and chill roll temperature at 15–25 °C. The sealant layer thickness is typically 10–30 μm within a total film structure of 40–80 μm. Heat-seal performance is measured under ASTM F1921-18 for hot tack and seal initiation behavior, and seal strength is measured under ASTM F88/F88M-21. At addition levels above 20 wt%, the sealant layer exhibits reduced stiffness and may wrinkle at the nip; below 10 wt%, the seal initiation temperature shift is insufficient for high-speed line economy. The use of EVA in food-contact films is referenced under FDA 21 CFR 177.1350 for ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers and FDA 21 CFR 177.1520 for the polyolefin blend, with EU Regulation 10/2011 controlling overall migration below 10 mg/dm² and REACH applying to the final article. Terminal finished product types include frozen food pouches, confectionery wrappers, medical device pouches, and non-contact food service films. The high melt index of ELVAX 4310 reduces draw resonance in cast film, but the polymer should not be used as a monolayer sealant film because its low melt strength limits bubble stability in blown-film processing.
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ELVAX 4310 Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Copolymer is a high-melt-index random copolymer supplied as pellets. The vinyl acetate comonomer content is 25 wt%, assessed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy according to ASTM D5594-18 or by saponification titrimetry. Melt index is specified as 500 g/10 min under ASTM D1238 at 190 °C and 2.16 kg, with an equivalent melt mass-flow rate reportable under ISO 1133-1:2022. Density is 0.950 g/cm³ under ASTM D792. The acetate concentration places the product above low-VA polyolefin modifiers and below high-VA elastomeric grades; the high melt index places it among low-viscosity EVA resins intended for hot-melt compounding, wax modification, and solvent-borne adhesive systems. The copolymer contains no intentional external plasticizer; pellet surface moisture is controlled during packaging, but rehydration can occur if bags are stored open at relative humidity above 60%.
| Property | Test method | Typical value |
|---|---|---|
| Vinyl acetate content | ASTM D5594-18 | 25 wt% |
| Melt index | ASTM D1238 / ISO 1133-1:2022 | 500 g/10 min (190 °C, 2.16 kg) |
| Density | ASTM D792 | 0.950 g/cm³ |
| Physical form | — | Pellets |
In hot-melt adhesive formulation, ELVAX 4310 is typically combined with rosin ester tackifier at 30–45 wt%, microcrystalline or Fischer–Tropsch wax at 5–15 wt%, and antioxidant at 0.5–1.5 wt%; these ranges represent starting-point formulations and are not specification limits. Hot-melt viscosity is monitored under ASTM D3236 using a Brookfield thermosel at 180 °C. The 500 g/10 min melt index provides lower neat and formulated viscosities than a 25 wt% VA grade with 150 g/10 min at identical temperature. This permits slot-die coating at line speeds above 100 m/min on nonwoven lamination lines, where a lower-melt-index grade would require either higher melt temperature or a wider die lip gap to maintain coat-weight uniformity. Initial bond strength on aluminum foil and corona-treated polyester is measured by ASTM D1876 T-peel; values vary with coat weight and substrate thickness, but the higher VA content increases peel strength relative to 18 wt% VA grades at equivalent coat weight.
Open time is controlled by crystallization kinetics of the ethylene segments; with 25 wt% VA, crystalline melting point is depressed relative to 18 wt% VA, extending open time but reducing resistance to cold flow at elevated storage temperatures. Heat resistance should be measured as shear adhesion failure temperature according to ASTM D4498 on the final bonded assembly rather than on neat resin. In spray-applied assembly, the lower melt viscosity reduces the pressure drop through nozzle orifices and allows smaller orifice diameters below 0.3 mm at pump speeds that would produce excessive backpressure with lower-melt-index grades. The trade-off is lower melt strength; vertical hold-out after application can be lower than with grades having melt indices below 20 g/10 min.
For solvent-borne adhesive compounding, ELVAX 4310 is dissolved at 15–25 wt% solids in toluene, methyl ethyl ketone, or mixed aromatic/aliphatic solvent systems. High-shear dispersion at 40–60 °C accelerates dissolution without depolymerization. Typical coating solutions are prepared at 200–2000 mPa·s at 25 °C; aromatic content above 20 wt% is often required to prevent clouding during cooling. The high VA content improves adhesion to corona-treated polyester, aluminum foil, and paperboard relative to 18 wt% VA grades of similar melt index. Published data for this specific configuration is limited; therefore, solution stability and dry-film adhesion should be confirmed on pilot coating equipment.
Addition of 5–20 wt% ELVAX 4310 to paraffin wax or microcrystalline wax raises melt viscosity, reduces blocking, and improves adhesion to corrugated board. The high melt index limits the viscosity increase relative to lower-MI EVA at the same addition level; this is advantageous in continuous pump-around systems in which pressure drop across 200-mesh filter screens must remain below 2 bar at 120 °C. Congealing point is determined under ASTM D938, needle penetration under ASTM D1321, and viscosity under ASTM D3236 or DIN 53019 depending on shear rate. In candle and wax-coating operations, formulations containing 5–10 wt% EVA are dispersed at 110–130 °C; the high-melt-index grade disperses faster and permits lower mixing-shaft torque than a 25 wt% VA grade with 20 g/10 min at identical addition level. The trade-off is a lower contribution to melt strength and fracture toughness at low temperatures; wax blends requiring high block resistance and low-temperature cracking resistance may require a portion of lower-MI EVA to compensate.
Thermogravimetric analysis of EVA with 25 wt% VA generally shows a two-stage mass loss under nitrogen; the first stage, associated with deacetylation, begins near 300 °C, but acetic acid evolution becomes process-relevant above 230 °C when residence time is prolonged. Hot-melt kettles should therefore be controlled below 200 °C with total residence time below 4 h for intermittent heating. Pre-drying at 70 °C for 4 h is required when pellet moisture exceeds 0.05 wt% or ambient relative humidity exceeds 60%. A vacuum level of −0.08 MPa at the atmospheric vent of a twin-screw extruder assists removal of free acetic acid during compounding. Calcium stearate at 0.1–0.3 wt% functions as an acid scavenger in formulated systems; amine-based additives should be excluded because basic nitrogen accelerates deacetylation and can produce yellowing of the melt and final adhesive film. On production-scale hot-melt compounding lines, residual acetic acid can be detected at the vent if melt temperature exceeds 180 °C for extended periods.
The selection between ELVAX 4310 and a lower-melt-index EVA grade is determined by the balance between wet-out and cohesive strength. ELVAX 4310 wet-out on polar substrates such as aluminum, glass, and corona-treated polyester is improved relative to 18 wt% VA grades of similar melt index, as indicated by lower contact angle under ASTM D5946. However, tensile strength and elongation at break measured under ASTM D638 will generally be lower than those of a 25 wt% VA grade with melt index below 20 g/10 min. For adhesives requiring high cohesive strength at elevated service temperature, a lower-MI grade is preferred; where pumpability, sprayability, or penetration into porous webs is limiting, the 500 g/10 min grade reduces backpressure and permits lower application temperatures by 10–20 °C. The same trade-off applies to wax modification and polymer blending: ELVAX 4310 lowers compound viscosity efficiently but contributes less to melt strength and tensile modulus than lower-MI EVA at equal VA content.
| Property | ELVAX 4310 | Lower-MI 25 wt% VA grade | Similar-MI 18 wt% VA grade |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vinyl acetate content | 25 wt% | 25 wt% | 18 wt% |
| Melt index | 500 g/10 min | 6–20 g/10 min | 500 g/10 min |
| Relative hot-melt viscosity at 180 °C | Low | High | Low |
| Adhesion to polar substrates | Improved | Improved | Reduced |
| Melt strength and cohesive strength | Low | Higher | Low |
Continuous compounding on a co-rotating twin-screw extruder with 40:1 L/D is performed with barrel set points from 80 °C at the feed throat to 160 °C at the die, screw speed 200–400 rpm, and melt temperature controlled below 180 °C. The low melt viscosity reduces specific energy input and torque; however, starve-fed conditions must be maintained to avoid melt pooling in the feed zone. Injection molding of large-area thin-wall parts may require clamp force in the range of 80–120 metric tons depending on shot size and gate design; the high flow reduces injection pressure but can promote jetting if gate velocity exceeds 300 mm/s. These equipment conditions are indicative and should be adjusted to the specific line and formulation because published data for this exact configuration is limited.
Regulatory status for the neat resin requires supplier confirmation against the final formulation and article thickness. Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers may be referenced under 21 CFR 177.1350 and EU Regulation 10/2011 for food-contact applications when migration testing of the finished article passes the applicable overall and specific migration limits. The neat resin does not contain deliberately added lead, cadmium, mercury, or hexavalent chromium; compliance with RoHS 2011/65/EU Annex II is formulation-dependent and must include pigments, stabilizers, and tackifiers. End users should obtain a current regulatory information letter from the resin supplier before qualifying the grade for medical or food-contact production.
