| HS Code | 434587 |
| Brand | ROVACE |
| Model | SF-191M |
| Product Type | Stand Fan |
| Power Source | AC 220-240V ~ 50Hz |
| Power Consumption | 60W |
| Number Of Speeds | 3 |
| Oscillation | Yes |
| Blade Diameter | 19 inches (approx. 48 cm) |
| Height Adjustment | Yes |
| Control Type | Manual rotary switch |
| Material | Metal and ABS plastic |
| Net Weight | 5.5 kg |
As an accredited ROVACE SF-191M factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | ROVACE SF-191M is available in 25 kg net polyethylene-lined steel drums, ensuring safe handling and storage. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20′ FCL shipment of ROVACE SF-191M, safely packed and loaded in a full 20-foot container for efficient transport. |
| Shipping | ROVACE SF-191M is typically shipped as a non-hazardous industrial chemical in drums, totes, or IBCs. It does not usually require UN dangerous goods classification under IMDG/ADR. Transport in clean, dry containers, protected from extreme heat, freezing, or contamination. Ensure proper labeling, relevant SDS documentation, and spill containment measures are in place. |
| Storage | Store ROVACE SF-191M in its tightly sealed original container in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight, heat sources, and incompatible substances. Protect from freezing and avoid extreme temperature fluctuations. Keep containers closed when not in use, prevent contamination, and follow the manufacturer’s recommended shelf-life and handling guidelines. |
| Shelf Life | ROVACE SF-191M has a typical shelf life of six months when stored in original sealed containers, protected from freezing, heat, and direct sunlight. |
ROVACE SF-191M is supplied as a vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer dispersion at nominal 55 wt% solids and pH 4.0–5.5. In two-component cementitious thin-bed tile adhesive manufacture, the dispersion is introduced as liquid component B after powder component A has been dry-blended in a ribbon mixer with a fill factor of 0.6–0.7. The powder component consists of ordinary Portland cement CEM I 42.5 N, silica sand of particle size 0.1–0.4 mm, and cellulose ether at 0.3–0.6 wt%. The liquid component B is prepared by diluting ROVACE SF-191M with potable water at a weight ratio of 1:1 to 1:2, producing polymer solids on dry mortar in the range of 4–10 wt%. Additions below 3 wt% do not provide continuous polymer film formation across capillary voids, while additions above 12 wt% reduce 24-hour compressive strength to below 2 MPa and extend open time beyond 30 minutes at 23°C/50% RH. On multi-head adhesive production lines, the delay between initial mixing and trowel application is monitored; if the mixed adhesive remains in the mixing vessel for more than 15 minutes without intermittent agitation, viscosity build from early cement hydration causes notched trowel ridges to collapse. Field data from twin-shaft planetary mixers with 60 L batches indicates that a discharge temperature above 30°C lowers pot life below 60 minutes. The mixed adhesive is processed with a planetary paddle mixer at 300 ± 50 rpm for 2–3 minutes, followed by a maturation interval of 5 minutes and remixing; application is performed using a 6 mm × 6 mm or 8 mm × 8 mm notched trowel. Compliance for cementitious tile adhesives is evaluated under EN 12004:2017 and ISO 13007-1:2010, with tensile adhesion after water immersion tested under EN 12004:2017 using 50 mm × 50 mm tile specimens conditioned for 21 days. End product types include C1 ordinary cementitious adhesives, C2 improved cementitious adhesives, and S1 deformable grades when the dosage of ROVACE SF-191M is shifted upward in the formulation.
| Standard | Parameter | Classification relevance |
|---|---|---|
| EN 12004:2017 | Tensile adhesion after water immersion, heat ageing, freeze-thaw cycling | C1/C2 |
| EN 12002:2008 | Transverse deformation | S1/S2 |
| ANSI A118.4-2012 | Shear bond strength after water immersion | Latex-portland cement mortar |
Polymer-modified cementitious waterproofing slurries based on ROVACE SF-191M are formulated as two-component systems in which the liquid polymer is incorporated at a liquid-to-powder weight ratio of 0.25:1 to 0.35:1, resulting in polymer solids of 8–14 wt% on dry powder. The powder component contains CEM I 52.5 N, silica fume at 2–5 wt%, calcium carbonate filler, and a polycarboxylate-based superplasticizer; the liquid component combines ROVACE SF-191M with water and a liquid defoamer at 0.2–0.5 wt% of total liquid. Mixing is performed in a high-shear dissolver at 700–1,000 rpm for 5 minutes under vacuum to reduce entrained air below 2 vol%. In high-volume production, horizontal batch mixers with sigma blades and vacuum de-aeration are used; batch temperature rise above 35°C accelerates cement hydration and reduces pot life below 40 minutes. The mixed slurry is applied by brush, roller, or trowel at a wet film thickness of 1–3 mm per coat, with a second coat applied after 4–6 hours. Curing at 5–30°C and relative humidity below 80% is required; film formation below 5°C is inhibited and leads to surface powdering. Compliance for liquid-applied waterproofing products follows EN 14891:2017 for crack bridging and water impermeability under 0.75 N/mm² of water pressure for 7 days. End product types include under-tile waterproofing membranes, basement negative-side waterproofing slurries, balcony and terrace membranes, and polymer-modified repair mortars used prior to tile installation.
Carpet precoat compounds based on ROVACE SF-191M are prepared with a filler loading of 100 parts calcium carbonate to 20–35 parts of the dispersion, with 0.5–1.5 parts of polyacrylate dispersant and 1–3 parts of alkali-swellable thickener. The precoat must maintain Brookfield RV viscosity of 8,000–14,000 mPa·s at 23°C to avoid strike-through during blade-over-roll coating. Wet add-on is controlled between 20–40 g/m² depending on tufted substrate density; lower add-on leads to edge raveling, while higher add-on increases curing energy demand without proportional tuft-bind improvement. Production batches should be held at 25 ± 3°C to avoid viscosity drift under blade shear; precoats at filler loading above 80 wt% of total solids may exhibit shear thickening, so thickener selection is adjusted to avoid blade chatter. Compliance testing uses ASTM D1335-17 for tuft bind and ISO 243 for abrasion resistance; VAE-based precoats are formulated to meet low-odor requirements under REACH Annex XVII restrictions on formaldehyde. In production, the compound is applied via blade-over-roll coater at line speeds of 10–30 m/min, followed by infrared or gas-fired forced-air ovens at 120–140°C for 2–5 minutes. The cured precoat crosslinks sufficiently to provide hot-wet tuft bind without embrittlement. End product types include broadloom carpet, carpet tiles with bitumen or PVC secondary backings, and entry matting.
Carded and airlaid nonwoven webs are bonded with ROVACE SF-191M at binder add-on levels between 3 wt% and 20 wt% based on dry fibre weight; the lower end is used for dry-laid disposable wipes where wet strength is not critical, and the upper end for airlaid tabletop substrates requiring dry and wet tensile development. The dispersion is applied by foam bonding, spray bonding, or kiss-roll nip padding, with final wet pick-up controlled by nip pressure of 1.5–3.0 bar. Thermal curing is carried out in through-air ovens at 130–150°C for 2–4 minutes; residual moisture above 2 wt% after curing causes blocking during roll winding. The dispersion’s low-foam behaviour minimises pinholes but requires defoamer at 0.05–0.15 wt% in high-speed spray lines. Compliance for hygiene and food-contact adjacent nonwovens requires testing under ISO 9073-3 for tensile strength, WSP 360.3 for wet tensile retention, and migration limits under FDA 21 CFR 176.170 and 21 CFR 176.180 when used adjacent to aqueous and fatty foods. End product types include disposable wiping substrates, airlaid napkins, adult incontinence acquisition layers, and tabletop service products. Published data for this specific configuration in feminine hygiene topsheet applications is limited; bonding trials at 5–8 wt% add-on are required to verify skin-contact suitability under the manufacturer’s risk assessment.
Flexible packaging laminators use ROVACE SF-191M as a waterborne interlayer adhesive between paper and board substrates and transparent film overwraps where solventborne or EVA hot-melt systems are replaced. The dispersion is thickened with polyvinyl alcohol or associative thickener to a coating viscosity of 300–800 mPa·s at 25°C, applied by gravure or reverse roll coating at 2–8 g/m² dry adhesive weight. Drying is performed in air flotation dryers at 90–110°C for 20–45 seconds; excessive dryer temperature above 120°C causes film skin-over and traps residual moisture, reducing tack. Adhesive solids at application viscosity should not exceed 45 wt% to avoid roller streaks on gravure cylinders. Compliance for food packaging adhesives falls under FDA 21 CFR 175.105 for indirect food additives from adhesives; the final laminate must meet EU 10/2011 overall migration limits of 10 mg/dm² for food contact materials. Formulation addition ratio is typically 10–25 parts of ROVACE SF-191M per 100 parts of dispersed inorganic filler, but unfilled grades at 95–100 wt% dispersion solids are used for clear film lamination. End product types include paperboard carton outer wraps, release paper lamination, dry food pouches, and fibre-based tray sealing webs.
| Standard / regulation | Test parameter |
|---|---|
| FDA 21 CFR 175.105 | Indirect food additive from adhesives |
| EU 10/2011 | Overall migration into food simulants |
| REACH Annex XVII | Formaldehyde and APEO restrictions |
Gypsum-based joint compounds and cementitious patching compounds are formulated with ROVACE SF-191M at 3–6 wt% polymer solids on dry filler weight to improve adhesion to substrate edges and reduce surface cracking during drying. The liquid dispersion is added during the let-down phase after dry powders have been dispersed in water with a high-shear cowles blade at 1,200–1,500 rpm; addition during the dry-powder incorporation phase can destabilise the dispersion due to high local calcium ion concentration. Pot life of the finished compound is maintained at 60–90 minutes at 23°C; swelling clays and cellulose ether thickeners are adjusted to compensate for the anionic charge of the VAE dispersion. The finished compound is adjusted to a pH of 7.0–8.0 to reduce corrosion on steel trowels. Compliance testing references ASTM C475 for joint compound, ASTM C474 for adhesion, and EN 13963 for internal gypsum jointing products. End product types include ready-mixed joint compounds, synthetic gypsum patching compounds, and fast-set cementitious spackling compounds. Published data for this specific configuration in hot-melt joint tape bedding is limited.
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ROVACE SF-191M is an aqueous vinyl acetate–acrylic copolymer dispersion supplied as a milky white liquid for non-structural wood bonding, paper and board lamination, and packaging adhesive compounding. The product is plasticizer-free and carries a nominal solids content of 55.0–57.0%, pH of 4.5–5.5, and Brookfield RVT viscosity of 1,500–3,500 mPa·s at 25°C with spindle 3 at 20 rpm. Typical particle size is 0.3–0.5 µm, minimum film formation temperature is approximately 10°C, and glass transition temperature is approximately 12°C. Unlike plasticized poly(vinyl acetate) homopolymers used in EN 204:2016 D1 and D2 wood glues, ROVACE SF-191M contains a self-crosslinking comonomer and no external phthalate or benzoate plasticizer; plasticizer migration, bond-line creep, and cold-water sensitivity are therefore reduced. Differences from vinyl acetate–ethylene emulsions are most apparent in wet tack on low-energy films: vinyl acetate–ethylene grades generally retain higher tack on untreated polyethylene, while ROVACE SF-191M provides higher shear strength on porous board after cure. The emulsion is not a redispersible powder and must be protected from freezing before compounding.
| Property | Typical value | Test method |
|---|---|---|
| Solids | 55.0–57.0% | ISO 3251:2019, 105°C for 2 h |
| pH | 4.5–5.5 | ISO 976:2013 |
| Viscosity | 1,500–3,500 mPa·s | ISO 2555:2018, Brookfield RVT, spindle 3, 20 rpm, 25°C |
| Density | 1.06–1.08 g/cm³ | ISO 2811-1:2016 |
| Minimum film formation temperature | 10°C | ISO 2115:2000 |
| Glass transition temperature | 12°C | ISO 16805:2003 |
| Particle size | 0.3–0.5 µm | Laser diffraction |
Typical values are provided for formulation comparison and are not batch specification limits. Exact lot-specific data should be obtained from the manufacturer’s certificate of analysis.
Water resistance in ROVACE SF-191M bond lines is controlled primarily by the self-crosslinking comonomer and by the absence of hydrophilic plasticizer. Under EN 204:2016 nomenclature, D3 classification requires pass/fail shear testing on beech according to EN 205:2016 after a cold-water immersion sequence defined in the standard; the minimum wet-shear criterion is stated in the classification clause and should be confirmed against the current edition. The acrylic comonomer reduces the continuous poly(vinyl acetate) phase fraction that is prone to water plasticization, while crosslinking restricts swelling and loss of cohesive strength. Cure is acid accelerated and film-formation dependent. If film formation occurs below 10°C, or if pH drops below 4.0, crosslinking remains incomplete and wet shear strength falls toward values typical of D2 poly(vinyl acetate) homopolymers. On cold-press wood assembly lines, adhesion failure after 24 h cold-water immersion is frequently traced to open time beyond 6 min at 23°C and 50% RH, wood moisture content above 10%, or adhesive spread rate below 120 g/m². A dry film formed at the interface before mating does not coalesce into the opposing substrate and produces a bond that exhibits adhesive failure at low wet load. For the same reason, pre-drying is required when relative humidity exceeds 60% and open times are extended.
Film formation occurs by particle coalescence after water loss. When wet film is exposed to ambient air, surface water evaporation increases particle packing; at temperatures above 10°C, capillary deformation and interdiffusion produce a continuous film. At temperatures below the minimum film formation temperature, drying leaves a cracked, powdery deposit that will not develop D3 water resistance. In high-speed lamination, a skin can form at the wet-film surface before nip contact; this skin is not redispersible and can produce a weak boundary layer. To avoid skinning, the wet film should be mated within 6 min at 23°C/50% RH; at 35°C and 30% RH, open time is typically reduced to 2–3 min. High-shear transfer can be evaluated with a cone-and-plate instrument according to ASTM D4287-00(2019), but the low-shear Brookfield value controls tank recirculation and doctor blade settling.
Production-scale adhesive compounding with ROVACE SF-191M is performed in low-shear turbine-agitated vessels; high-shear homogenization is unnecessary and introduces foam. Thickening with hydroxyethyl cellulose or alkali-swellable acrylic thickeners shifts final viscosity, but the emulsion response is pH-sensitive. Below pH 4.0, stabilizer protonation reduces electrostatic repulsion and produces viscosity loss and possible sedimentation after 7 days at 40°C. Above pH 6.0, alkali-swellable thickeners may build excessive viscosity and interfere with roller transfer. Borax or sodium bicarbonate buffers are used to hold pH within 4.5–5.5; borax addition at temperatures above 35°C can generate gel particles in some vinyl acetate–acrylic formulations and should be added as a dilute solution under slow agitation. The compounded batch is filtered through 125 µm mesh before filling. Storage must remain between 5°C and 35°C; freeze-thaw cycling is not specified for this emulsion, and a single frost cycle can produce irreversible grit that blocks gravure and anilox applicators.
Replacement of a plasticized poly(vinyl acetate) homopolymer with ROVACE SF-191M on a hot-press paper-to-paper lamination line changes the lower and upper processing limits. The self-crosslinking emulsion has shorter open time than a heavily plasticized poly(vinyl acetate), requiring wet-film thickness of 60–80 µm on clay-coated board and line-speed matching to prevent dry film formation at the nip. At a Brookfield RVT viscosity between 2,000 and 3,000 mPa·s, transfer from an anilox cylinder at 60 lines/cm is stable; below 1,500 mPa·s, ribbing and spatter occur at run speeds above 80 m/min. The product does not exhibit plasticizer spew, so adhesion loss to polyolefin-coated board after 14 days at 40°C is reduced relative to a phthalate-plasticized poly(vinyl acetate). Compared with vinyl acetate–ethylene emulsions, ROVACE SF-191M gives higher shear strength on porous paperboard but lower wet tack on untreated low-energy films; if the substrate is polyethylene-coated, corona pre-treatment to 38–42 mN/m is required before adhesive application. In hot-press operation, cure is typically completed at 70°C for 90–120 s under 0.3–0.5 MPa; shorter cycles may leave uncured domains when adhesive spread exceeds 180 g/m².
| Attribute | ROVACE SF-191M | Plasticized poly(vinyl acetate) homopolymer | Vinyl acetate–ethylene emulsion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Minimum film formation temperature | 10°C | 12–15°C | 0°C |
| Plasticizer requirement | None | External plasticizer | None |
| Water resistance | EN 204:2016 D3 candidate in suitable formulation | EN 204:2016 D2 typical | EN 204:2016 D2 to D3 depending on grade |
| Wet tack on low-energy film | Moderate | Low | High |
| Heat resistance | Higher than poly(vinyl acetate) | Low | Moderate |
The comparative table is qualitative except where standard classifications and film-formation temperatures are shown. Formulation additives, substrate surface treatment, and cure conditions determine final bond performance more than the base emulsion alone. Avoid combination with cationic wetting agents or polyamine additives because electrostatic destabilization and premature crosslinking can occur before application.
Heat aging response separates ROVACE SF-191M from non-crosslinking vinyl acetate homopolymers in interior wood assembly. In laboratory lap-shear evaluations on beech according to EN 205:2016, dry strength after 7 days at 23°C/50% RH is typically above 10 MPa for closed assembly; after 24 h at 80°C, residual strength remains above 6 MPa, while a plasticized poly(vinyl acetate) of comparable solids may fall below 3 MPa because of plasticizer volatility and thermoplastic flow. On merbau, extractive content above 5% by mass inhibits cure; the surface is wiped with isopropanol before adhesive application, and a separate sample series is required to verify that the extractive residue does not lower bond-line pH below 4.0. The operational boundary is therefore substrate-specific, not emulsion-specific: high-extractive tropical hardwoods require pre-cleaning, and published data for this specific configuration is limited. For non-porous or coated substrates, adhesion should be verified by cross-cut testing according to ISO 2409:2013 after 24 h cure because wet shear data on beech does not predict adhesion to lacquered or UV-cured surfaces.
For food-contact packaging laminates, the formulator may evaluate the dried bond line under FDA 21 CFR 175.105 for adhesives used in food-contact applications, provided the adhesive is separated from food by a functional barrier or limited to the intended use conditions. Compliance is not solely polymer-dependent; the finished adhesive formulation must be assessed for total extractives and residual monomer against the specific food-type and temperature conditions. The absence of phthalate plasticizer simplifies this assessment but does not remove the formulator’s obligation to test the final laminated structure.
