| HS Code | 984836 |
| Vinyl Acetate Content | 28 wt% |
| Density | 0.950 g/cm³ |
| Melt Flow Rate | 3.0 g/10 min at 190°C/2.16 kg |
| Melting Point | 75 °C |
| Freezing Point | 55 °C |
| Vicat Softening Point | 52 °C |
| Tensile Strength At Break | 16 MPa |
| Elongation At Break | 800% |
| Shore Hardness | 75 Shore A |
| Flexural Modulus | 20 MPa |
As an accredited ExxonMobil EVA 7028.EL EVA Copolymer Resin factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | ExxonMobil EVA 7028.EL EVA Copolymer Resin is supplied as free-flowing pellets in 25 kg polyethylene bags, palletized and wrapped. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20′ FCL container loading of ExxonMobil EVA 7028.EL resin, with bagged pellets shrink-wrapped on pallets for secure, stable transport. |
| Shipping | ExxonMobil EVA 7028.EL is supplied as solid pellets in 25 kg bags, gaylord boxes, or bulk hopper trucks/railcars. Ship in dry, ventilated conditions, protected from moisture, heat, and sunlight. It is not classified as dangerous goods, but avoid dust accumulation and keep away from ignition sources during transport. |
| Storage | Store ExxonMobil EVA 7028.EL in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight, heat sources, and open flames. Keep containers tightly sealed to prevent moisture pickup and contamination. Avoid outdoor storage or extreme temperatures. Under proper conditions, this EVA copolymer resin maintains its properties for at least one year from shipment date. |
| Shelf Life | Store in original, unopened packaging in a cool, dry place. Shelf life is two years from manufacture date. |
In laminate-level photovoltaic encapsulation, EVA 7028.EL functions as the base resin for a peroxide-cured encapsulant film in which the 28 wt% vinyl acetate content increases optical transmittance, lowers crystallinity, and supplies melt flow suitable for flat-die film casting and vacuum lamination. The compound is formulated at 100 phr resin with 0.6–1.5 phr tert-butyl peroxy-2-ethylhexyl carbonate, 0.2–1.0 phr triallyl isocyanurate as crosslinking coagent, 0.3–0.8 phr vinyltrimethoxysilane adhesion promoter, and 0.1–0.4 phr hindered phenolic antioxidant. Compounding on a corotating twin-screw extruder with an L/D ratio of 40:1 is conducted with a barrel profile limited to 90–110°C; exceeding this range risks premature peroxide decomposition and scorch, which manifests as gel particles in the cast film. The compounded melt is filtered through 200–400 mesh screen packs, cast through a flat die at 0.40–0.60 mm thickness, and wound. During module lamination, the film is placed between glass and backsheet and processed at 145–160°C under 700–1000 mbar vacuum for 8–15 min, producing gel contents typically above 70% when measured by ASTM D2765. Compliance is evaluated against IEC 61215-1:2021 for design qualification, IEC 61730-2:2016 for module safety, and UL 1703 for flat-plate photovoltaic modules in North America; adhesion retention is commonly assessed after 85°C/85% RH damp-heat exposure up to 1000 h. Terminal product types include single-glass and glass-backsheet photovoltaic modules, building-integrated photovoltaic laminates, and bifacial module perimeter seal configurations.
Hot-melt adhesive compounding requires EVA 7028.EL to be combined with hydrogenated C5/C9 tackifying resins and paraffin or microcrystalline waxes within a narrow thermal window that prevents thermal degradation while maintaining pumpable viscosity. A representative formulation places EVA 7028.EL at 20–35 wt%, tackifier at 30–50 wt%, wax at 10–25 wt%, and hindered phenolic antioxidant at 0.5–1.0 wt%. Production-scale mixing is executed in a jacketed sigma-blade mixer or continuous twin-screw extruder with barrel temperatures maintained between 130–180°C; melt viscosity is checked on the molten adhesive with ASTM D3236 at 180°C, typically producing a control range of 800–3000 mPa·s depending on wax and tackifier balance. Ring-and-ball softening point is determined under ASTM E28, and T-peel adhesion to kraft or corrugated substrates is measured under ASTM D1876. Regulatory compliance for food-contact packaging closures is assessed under FDA 21 CFR 175.105 and EU Regulation (EC) No 1935/2004. Terminal finished products include case and carton sealing, bookbinding spine gluing, furniture edge banding, and nonwoven hygiene product assembly.
| Hot-melt property | Standard or regulation | Typical control basis |
|---|---|---|
| Melt viscosity at 180°C | ASTM D3236 | 800–3000 mPa·s |
| Ring-and-ball softening point | ASTM E28 | 85–115°C |
| T-peel adhesion to kraft | ASTM D1876 | Fiber-tear or specified N/25 mm |
| Food-contact adhesive status | FDA 21 CFR 175.105 | Subject to end-use temperature and migration limits |
Where high-loading inorganic pigment concentrates require a low-processing-temperature carrier, EVA 7028.EL is incorporated at 20–45 wt% of the masterbatch formula, with the remainder comprising TiO₂ or carbon black, process oil, and oxidized polyethylene wax. The resin should be pre-dried at 60–70°C for 4–6 h when storage relative humidity has exceeded 60%. Dispersion is carried out on a corotating twin-screw extruder with L/D 40:1 and barrel temperatures 120–160°C, using high-shear kneading elements before vacuum devolatilization to remove residual moisture and volatiles. The concentrate is let down at 2–8 wt% in polyolefin extrusion or injection molding. Compliance is assessed under REACH, RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU, and FDA 21 CFR 177.1350 when the final article contacts food; terminal product types include color concentrates for blown film, cast film, injection-molded closures, and sheet extrusion.
Low-smoke halogen-free cable jackets position EVA 7028.EL as the polar char-forming base resin in a high-filler compound that contains 20–35 wt% EVA 7028.EL, 10–20 wt% LLDPE, 50–65 wt% surface-treated aluminum trihydroxide, 0–20 wt% magnesium dihydroxide, 0.3–1.0 wt% vinylsilane coupling agent, and 0.2–0.5 wt% hindered phenolic stabilizer. The rheological constraint is acute: melt viscosity rises sharply once aluminum trihydroxide loading exceeds 60 wt%, increasing shear heating and the risk of localized ATH decomposition above 190°C; therefore, twin-screw extrusion uses a barrel profile of 130–170°C, L/D 40:1, and low-pressurization screw elements to limit melt temperature. Amine-based secondary antioxidants are generally avoided because they can compete with the silane coupling agent for surface hydroxyl groups on ATH and reduce interfacial adhesion. Downstream wire extrusion through a 30:1 L/D single-screw extruder is conducted with a 120–160°C melt temperature and a pressure-controlled screen pack to reduce pre-crosslinking. When crosslinking is required, electron-beam irradiation or silane-grafted systems are used; published data for the specific electron-beam dose response of this grade in high-fill ATH compounds is limited, so cable processors establish dose-to-gel curves by hot-set testing. Compliance is assessed under IEC 60754-1:2011 and IEC 60754-2:2011 for halogen acid gas, IEC 61034-2:2005 for smoke density, and ISO 4589-2:2017 for oxygen index, with typical target oxygen index above 30%. Terminal product types include sheathing for building wire, control cables, and automotive battery cables requiring low-smoke, zero-halogen performance.
| HFFR compliance attribute | Standard | Typical acceptance basis |
|---|---|---|
| Halogen acid gas content | IEC 60754-1:2011 | mg HCl/g and pH/conductivity |
| Smoke density | IEC 61034-2:2005 | Light transmittance during combustion |
| Oxygen index | ISO 4589-2:2017 | ≥30% for HFFR jacket |
| Halogen acid gas pH/conductivity | IEC 60754-2:2011 | pH and conductivity limits by cable class |
Footwear midsole compounding blends EVA 7028.EL with lower-vinyl-acetate EVA and linear low-density polyethylene to adjust hardness, rebound, and expansion ratio while maintaining a decomposition cycle below 180°C. A representative compound contains 20–60 phr EVA 7028.EL, 40–80 phr EVA with 18 wt% vinyl acetate, 2–6 phr azodicarbonamide blowing agent, 0.5–1.0 phr dicumyl peroxide, 5–20 phr calcium carbonate, and 1–3 phr zinc oxide/zinc stearate as activators. Mixing on an internal mixer or Banbury at 100–120°C is followed by two-roll mill homogenization and pelletizing; the compound is then expanded in compression molds at 165–180°C where simultaneous crosslinking and gas release must be balanced to avoid cell collapse or surface blistering. The lower softening point associated with 28 wt% vinyl acetate permits processing at the lower end of this window but reduces dimensional stability if mold release occurs before sufficient crosslinking. Compliance is evaluated under REACH, ASTM D395 for compression set, ISO 4649:2017 for abrasion resistance, and ISO 868:2003 for Shore hardness; terminal product types include compression-molded midsoles, insoles, and injected footwear components.
Sealant-layer modification with EVA 7028.EL at 10–25 wt% in an mLLDPE or LDPE carrier reduces seal initiation temperature and broadens the bonding range in multilayer films used for sterile medical device packaging. The addition ratio is limited by the need to maintain coefficient of friction and avoid excessive cling; antiblock agents are used in the sealant layer at 0.1–0.5 wt% where film-to-film blocking is observed. Processing is carried out on 3-layer or 5-layer coextrusion blown-film or cast-film lines with die temperatures of 190–230°C, followed by corona treatment to 38–42 mN/m surface tension for lamination or printing. Compliance is assessed under ISO 11607-1:2019 for sterile barrier packaging, FDA 21 CFR 177.1350, EU Regulation (EU) No 10/2011, and USP 661.1 for plastic packaging materials. Terminal finished product types include chevron peel pouches, lidding films for rigid trays, and form-fill-seal pouches for surgical instruments and syringes.
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ExxonMobil EVA 7028.EL EVA Copolymer Resin is a high-vinyl-acetate ethylene copolymer supplied within the Escorene Ultra product line. The base resin contains 28 wt% vinyl acetate comonomer and exhibits a melt flow rate of 7.0 g/10 min when tested at 190°C under a 2.16 kg piston load in accordance with ASTM D1238 or ISO 1133-1:2022. Density is approximately 0.950 g/cm³ under ASTM D1505 or ISO 1183. The high comonomer content reduces ethylene-sequence crystallization, lowers practical heat-seal and softening temperatures, and increases polarity toward substrates such as paper, wood, aluminum, and polyvinyl chloride. The grade designation 7028.EL identifies the 28 wt% vinyl acetate member of the series; the suffix is used by the supplier to differentiate the grade within its commercial range. The product is supplied as translucent pellets with an antioxidant stabilizer package intended for melt processing and adhesive compounding. Lot-to-lot consistency is evaluated through certificate-of-analysis data for vinyl acetate content, melt flow rate, and density. A shift in vinyl acetate content of even 1 wt% can affect polarity, heat-seal initiation temperature, and compatibility with tackifier systems in production formulations.
In twin-screw compounding or single-screw extrusion, ExxonMobil EVA 7028.EL is processed through conventional polyolefin screws with a compression ratio of 2.5:1 to 3.5:1. Because vinyl acetate units begin to undergo thermal deacetylation at elevated temperatures, melt temperature should be kept below 220°C and preferably in the 180–200°C band. On production-scale single-screw lines with an L/D of 24:1 to 30:1, barrel zones are commonly set from 150°C to 190°C, while the die is held at or slightly below the melt target to avoid local stagnation at the adapter. Prolonged residence time in dead spots generates acetic acid, raises the acid number of the melt, and can produce surface roughness or gel formation. For high-shear twin-screw compounding, oil-cooled or water-cooled barrel sections are used to remove shear heat, especially when the resin is combined with tackifiers, waxes, or fillers. The melt viscosity under typical adhesive mixing shear rates is moderate, permitting wet-out of additives without requiring excessive temperatures. Pre-drying is generally not required when bags remain intact; however, if storage relative humidity exceeds 60%, drying at 50–60°C for 4 h is a standard precaution for high-vinyl-acetate grades because absorbed moisture can contribute to hydrolytic degradation during extended melt processing.
Hot-melt adhesives formulated with 7028.EL are used in packaging, case sealing, bookbinding, and edge-banding operations. In these formulations, the resin provides cohesive strength and substrate wet-out while tackifier resins and waxes control open time and set time. On production-scale adhesive mixing equipment, the polymer is charged first with antioxidant and then with hydrocarbon or rosin ester tackifier; high-shear agitation is maintained until a clear, homogeneous melt is obtained. Adhesive viscosity is typically measured by ASTM D3236 at 180°C or 200°C, and peel adhesion on selected substrates is evaluated by ASTM D1876. The 28 wt% vinyl acetate content provides stronger adhesion to polar surfaces than lower-VA EVA grades, but quantitative peel values vary with substrate surface energy, coat weight, adhesive thickness, and tackifier type. In extrusion coating and lamination, the resin can be used as a heat-seal layer or as a tie layer in multilayer structures. The reduced crystalline fraction permits heat-seal initiation at lower temperatures, which limits film distortion and permits sealing through thin-gauge substrates. Fabricators monitoring seal strength by ASTM F88 or film tensile properties by ISO 527-3 should record seal temperature, dwell time, and pressure because published data for this specific configuration is limited and on-site calibration is required.
The table below consolidates the nominal supplier-published values used for incoming quality control and initial formulation screening. These values are not batch-specific guarantees; they should be read against the certificate of analysis for the specific lot. The melt flow rate test condition is 190°C/2.16 kg. The vinyl acetate content is commonly determined by ASTM D5594 or by an equivalent FTIR correlative procedure. Density is reported at 23°C.
| Property | Test Method | Nominal Value |
|---|---|---|
| Vinyl acetate content | ASTM D5594 | 28 wt% |
| Melt flow rate | ASTM D1238 / ISO 1133-1:2022 | 7.0 g/10 min at 190°C/2.16 kg |
| Density | ASTM D1505 / ISO 1183 | 0.950 g/cm³ |
Relative to lower-vinyl-acetate EVA copolymers, 7028.EL exhibits reduced ethylene crystallinity, lower Shore hardness, increased polar adhesion, and a broader melt transition. Relative to higher-melt-index EVA grades of similar vinyl acetate content, its lower melt flow rate indicates higher molecular weight and greater elastic memory. In extrusion coating this influences drawdown and neck-in; a lower-MI resin generally reduces neck-in but increases extruder pressure, while a higher-MI resin permits lower melt temperature and higher line speed but may increase neck-in and reduce melt strength. The selection of 7028.EL, with 7.0 g/10 min melt flow rate, balances these variables for medium-speed lamination and for hot-melt application. In hot-melt spraying, viscosity at the nozzle is typically maintained below 1,500–2,500 mPa·s depending on nozzle geometry; when viscosity exceeds the range recommended for the specific nozzle configuration, fiber formation and pattern uniformity may deteriorate. Formulators adjust tackifier and wax content to reach the target application viscosity without exceeding the thermal stability limits of the EVA phase.
In hot-melt adhesive and extrusion-lamination applications, the ethylene crystallite network controls solidification after cooling. A higher vinyl acetate content such as 28 wt% disrupts lamellar thickness and lowers crystallization temperature; this extends open time in adhesive application and lowers heat-seal initiation temperature in coated films. The same effect reduces resistance to blocking and can increase cold flow at elevated storage temperatures. Formulators compensate by blending with lower-VA EVA, Fischer–Tropsch wax, or microcrystalline wax to raise set temperature and shorten time to cohesive strength. The grade 7028.EL is therefore positioned between lower-VA extrusion grades with higher crystallinity and higher-VA resins that are soft and rubbery at ambient temperature. In a twin-screw adhesive line with a 40:1 L/D co-rotating extruder, the polymer, tackifier, and wax blend is often mixed under vacuum to remove volatiles; the vacuum port is located downstream of the tackifier addition point to avoid foaming. The resulting adhesive is filtered through a melt filtration system with a 100–200 µm mesh before coating. Adhesion to polyvinyl chloride, paper, and aluminum is generally improved relative to an 18 wt% vinyl acetate grade, but the improvement is not monotonic across all tackifier loadings. An upper tackifier loading exists above which cohesive strength declines because the continuous EVA phase becomes diluted by low-molecular-weight resin.
Thermal deacetylation is the principal degradation route. In thermogravimetric analysis coupled with FTIR, evolution of acetic acid is detected before main-chain decomposition. At normal processing temperatures of 180–200°C, residence times of 10–15 min in a heated mixer do not usually produce visible discoloration; however, repeated passes through a single-screw extruder can shift melt flow rate upward and deplete antioxidant protection. In adhesive production, batch-to-batch color stability is monitored by yellowness index under ASTM E313; an increase greater than 2 units after a standard heat history may indicate stabilizer depletion or contamination. The processing environment should remain free of copper and copper alloys because copper ions accelerate thermo-oxidative degradation. The use of abrasive fillers such as titanium dioxide or calcium carbonate increases melt viscosity and local shear heating; screw speed should be reduced to prevent temperature spikes above 220°C.
For food-contact applications, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers may be evaluated under 21 CFR 177.1350. The finished article must meet the extractive and end-use limitations specified in the regulation; the resin itself does not automatically confer compliance. Under European Union practice, the substance must be assessed against Commission Regulation (EU) No 10/2011 for plastic materials intended for food contact, including the specific migration limit for vinyl acetate monomer. Under REACH, polymer registration obligations apply at the relevant tonnage level, and the supplier safety data sheet identifies handling and exposure control measures. The product does not contain intentionally added heavy metals; RoHS compliance for electrical and electronic applications must be established on the finished component rather than on the raw resin. Pellets should be stored in a dry area below 40°C, away from direct sunlight. High storage temperatures can cause pellet blocking and stabilizer depletion. High-vinyl-acetate EVA is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents and should not be exposed to prolonged contact with copper or copper alloys in molten processing equipment.
