| HS Code | 317555 |
| Va Content | 28% |
| Melt Index | 25 g/10min |
| Density | 0.948 g/cm³ |
| Melting Point | 72°C |
| Vicat Softening Point | 45°C |
| Shore Hardness | 87 Shore A |
| Tensile Strength | 5.9 MPa |
| Elongation At Break | 800% |
| Brittleness Temperature | -70°C |
| Glass Transition Temperature | -32°C |
As an accredited LG EVA 28025 EVA Copolymer Resin,28% VA,25 MI,Hot Melt Adhesive Grade factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Packaged as dust-free resin pellets in 25 kg sealed bags, one metric ton per pallet, ensuring safe handling and purity. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | Description: LG EVA 28025 resin packed in 25kg bags, loaded on pallets, shrink-wrapped, and stowed securely in a 20′ FCL container. |
| Shipping | LG EVA 28025 resin ships as solid pellets in moisture-resistant bags or octabins, palletized and containerized. Avoid exposure to rain and excessive heat during transit. Store in a cool, dry place. Standard handling equipment such as forklifts is used for efficient unloading. |
| Storage | Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight, heat, and ignition sources. Keep containers tightly sealed to prevent moisture absorption, which can affect performance. Avoid contact with strong oxidizing agents. Under proper conditions, shelf life is typically one year from manufacture date. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life is typically two years when stored unopened in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat sources. |
LG EVA 28025 is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer containing 28 wt% vinyl acetate and a melt flow rate of 25 g/10 min measured by ISO 1133-1:2022 at 190 °C and 2.16 kg. The vinyl acetate content depresses crystalline order, broadens compatibility with rosin ester and hydrogenated hydrocarbon tackifiers, and improves low-temperature adhesion to polar substrates; the 25 g/10 min melt flow rate positions the resin in hot melt adhesive compounds delivered by gear pump or piston pump rather than injection molding grades. The downstream scope below is restricted to documented hot melt adhesive sectors where EVA 28025 functions as the primary polymer in the formulated adhesive. Each sector records the industry compliance standard, the formulation addition range, the downstream production or application process, and the terminal finished goods type. Pellets exposed to ambient air above 70% RH should be dried at 60 °C for 4 h before compounding to reduce steam-induced bubble formation in the bond line.
| Downstream sector | EVA 28025 addition range | Application temperature | Primary standard | Terminal goods |
| Corrugated cold-chain case sealing | 30–45 wt% | 150–170 °C | FDA 21 CFR 175.105 | Corrugated cases, micro-flute trays |
| Perfect binding | 35–50 wt% | 170–180 °C | REACH Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 | Softcover books, catalogs |
| Edgebanding and profile wrapping | 20–35 wt% | 180–200 °C | ISO 19209:2017 | Cabinet doors, desktops, wardrobe panels |
| Foam lamination | 25–40 wt% | 130–160 °C | 16 CFR 1633 | Mattress cores, acoustic panels |
| Automotive interior lamination | 20–30 wt% | 160–180 °C | IATF 16949:2016 | Door panel inserts, armrest covers |
In high-speed corrugated case sealing, the limiting variable is not the adhesive’s initial tack but the peel resistance after the sealed case has equilibrated at −25 °C in cold-storage distribution. EVA 28025 is compounded at 30–45 wt% of the finished hot melt with rosin ester or hydrogenated hydrocarbon tackifier at 30–45 wt%, Fischer-Tropsch wax at 5–15 wt%, and hindered phenolic antioxidant at 0.5–1.0 wt%. Compounding is run on a co-rotating twin-screw extruder with a 44:1 L/D ratio: EVA pellets enter the main feed, tackifier melt is injected after the first kneading block to limit localized overheating, and vacuum venting at −0.08 MPa removes low molecular weight volatiles. The die melt temperature is held between 160 °C and 180 °C because prolonged residence above 190 °C can cause vinyl acetate degradation, acetic acid odour, and viscosity drift. On the case-sealing line, the adhesive is delivered from a heated reservoir at 150–170 °C through a gear pump and slotted nozzle; open time is kept below 2 s by the wax blend, and compression time is 0.3–1.5 s before the case enters the diverter. Cold peel resistance is commonly assessed by ASTM D1876 T-peel after 24 h at −25 °C; published data for this specific formulated system is limited, so plant trials are required. For indirect food contact, FDA 21 CFR 175.105 applies to the adhesive component; in the EU, the finished adhesive must meet Articles 3 and 4 of Regulation EC No 1935/2004 and the good manufacturing practice rules in EC No 2023/2006. If the adhesive layer is not separated by a functional barrier, migration testing under EU 10/2011 is triggered, and the tackifier and wax package must be selected from low-migration grades. Terminal articles are corrugated cases, micro-flute trays, and wrap-around cartons for frozen seafood, poultry, dough, and ice cream packs.
Because perfect binding lines process paper substrates with varying porosity and coating holdout, the critical control point is preventing molten adhesive strike-through into the paper fibres while maintaining page-pull values above the publisher’s minimum. EVA 28025 is formulated at 35–50 wt% with rosin ester or modified hydrocarbon tackifier at 30–45 wt%, microcrystalline wax at 5–15 wt%, and antioxidant at 0.5–1.0 wt%; the higher polymer fraction relative to packaging adhesives increases internal cohesion and limits penetration into uncoated paper. The melt is prepared in a sigma-blade mixer at 160–180 °C under nitrogen blanketing, then transferred to the spine glue pot at 170–180 °C; side glue for cover attachment is run at 150–160 °C to prevent cover-board warpage. Application through a roller or slit nozzle deposits the spine adhesive in a controlled gap; cover nipping pressure is 0.2–0.4 MPa, followed by 30–60 s cooling before three-knife trimming. In field operation, if the pot temperature exceeds 185 °C, darkening and acetic acid odour appear; thermostatic interlocks are therefore set at 185 °C. Compliance for EU finished books is governed by REACH Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006, with Article 33 SVHC communication triggered when candidate list substances exceed 0.1% w/w in the article; for children’s books, EN 71-3 migration limits and the Toy Safety Directive 2009/48/EC apply if the adhesive is accessible through the cover or paper laminate. Terminal finished goods are perfect-bound softcover books, annual reports, catalogs, and graphic novels using paper stock from 60 g/m² to 250 g/m² cover stock.
Direct application edgebanding lines operating above 40 m/min place conflicting demands on an EVA hot melt: the adhesive must lose surface tack quickly enough for immediate trimming but retain sufficient wet-out to bond ABS, PVC, or melamine banding to the panel. Formulation records for EVA 28025 in edgebanding use the resin at 20–35 wt%, hydrocarbon or rosin ester tackifier at 25–35 wt%, calcium carbonate filler at 15–30 wt%, and paraffin or polyethylene wax at 5–10 wt%. The filler is ground calcium carbonate with a median particle size between 5 µm and 15 µm; it raises melt viscosity and reduces adhesive shrinkage during cooling, but filler loadings above 30 wt% accelerate nozzle wear on long production runs. On a typical edgebanding centre, the panel passes through pre-milling, slot-nozzle or roller application at 180–200 °C, band pressure rollers at 0.3–0.6 MPa, end trimming, profile scraping, and buffing. Line speeds of 25–80 m/min are used depending on band thickness and workpiece profile. Hot melt viscosity is checked inline by ASTM D3236 at 180 °C; low-viscosity drift causes squeeze-out on the panel face, while high viscosity reduces wet-out on PVC banding. For non-structural wood adhesive classification, ISO 19209:2017 applies to thermoplastic wood adhesives for non-structural applications; factory audit documentation may additionally require test classification under EN 204 when contract specifications call for woodworking adhesive durability grades. The finished furniture panel in the EU falls under the General Product Safety Directive and requires REACH Article 33 declarations if SVHC content exceeds 0.1% w/w. Terminal goods are edge-banded cabinet doors, desktops, wardrobe panels, and profile-wrapped furniture frames.
Spray/roll lamination of polyurethane foam to other foam grades and fabrics requires a molten adhesive film that remains open for 10–30 s while cut foam pieces are recombined after layup. EVA 28025 is formulated at 25–40 wt% with hydrocarbon tackifier at 25–40 wt%, microcrystalline wax at 5–15 wt%, and antioxidant at 0.5–1.0 wt%. A drum melter operating at 130–160 °C delivers the melt through a gear pump to a spiral spray head or roll coater; nip pressure of 0.3–0.6 MPa presses the foam layers together, and the bond line develops cohesive strength when the melt drops below the vinyl acetate-rich amorphous phase solidification point. The lower application temperature compared with polyolefin hot melts reduces heat collapse of low-density viscoelastic foam. In field practice, cratering of the adhesive film on low-surface-energy foam is the most common failure mode; if cratering appears, the first corrective action is to verify foam surface tension and additive bloom before adjusting tackifier type. When cratering persists, published data for this specific configuration is limited and plant trials are required. Bond strength is evaluated by ASTM D903 180° peel after 24 h ambient conditioning. For mattress assemblies sold in the United States, the bonded composite must not cause failure of 16 CFR 1632 cigarette smoulder or 16 CFR 1633 open-flame tests; California TB 117-2013 applies to smoulder resistance of upholstered furniture. The adhesive itself is not certified under CertiPUR-US, although foam substrates may carry that certification. In the EU, REACH Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 applies to the formulated adhesive, and any SVHC above 0.1% w/w triggers communication duties. Terminal products are laminated foam mattress cores, upholstery seat cushions, acoustic panels, and anti-fatigue mats.
For low-load interior trim lamination, EVA 28025 is selected only where the bond line is not exposed to continuous temperatures above 70 °C and where the OEM odour and fogging requirements permit a polyolefin-based hot melt. In this application, the resin is compounded at 20–30 wt% with hydrocarbon tackifier at 25–35 wt%, calcium carbonate or barium sulfate filler at 10–20 wt%, wax at 5–10 wt%, and high-temperature antioxidant at 0.5–1.0 wt%. Barium sulfate is used where higher density and acoustic mass are specified for door panel inserts; calcium carbonate is selected for standard textile-to-panel lamination where acoustic mass is less critical. Slot-die application at 160–180 °C deposits a 50–150 µm bond line on the polyolefin panel or textile backside; heated hoses maintain temperature within ±3 °C to prevent viscosity drift and nozzle stringing. The textile is married to the panel through a nip roll at 0.2–0.6 MPa and cooled in a forced-air tunnel before edge trimming. EVA 28025 replaces bulk SBC only in low-load, low-heat applications where the higher melt flow permits thinner application and lower melt temperature; styrenic block copolymer systems remain the specified adhesive for high-elastic-recovery and high-service-temperature joints. Production part approval is governed by IATF 16949:2016, with interior material emissions typically controlled under VDA 270 for odour and VDA 278 for VOC/FOG. The finished interior article must also satisfy EU ELV Directive 2000/53/EC heavy metal restrictions and REACH Annex XVII restrictions for substances in interior materials. EVA 28025 is not suitable for instrument panel or airbag cover laminations where creep resistance and high-temperature strength require a reactive hot melt or engineered thermoplastic. Terminal goods are door panel inserts, armrest covers, trunk side trim, and headliner edge folds.
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LG EVA 28025 is a pelletized ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin supplied by LG Chem and designated as a hot melt adhesive grade. The product designation identifies two primary specification points: a vinyl acetate comonomer content of 28 wt% and a melt index of 25 g/10 min measured at 190°C under 2.16 kg load following ASTM D1238-20 or ISO 1133-1:2022. Nominal density is 0.95 g/cm³ at 23°C per ASTM D792-20; vinyl acetate content is determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy according to ASTM D5594-18a. The ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer identity corresponds to CAS 24937-78-8. The material is not a finished adhesive; it is a base polymer for compounding with tackifiers, waxes, and antioxidants before application. As a hot melt adhesive base, it provides polar adhesion to cellulose, aluminium foil, paperboard, wood fiber, and surface-oxidized metals, while the 25 g/10 min melt index supports low-viscosity handling in high-speed application equipment.
Within the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer family, vinyl acetate content is the primary regulator of crystallinity and polarity. At 28 wt% VA, the polyethylene crystalline lattice is disrupted sufficiently to lower the softening range and increase low-temperature flexibility relative to low-VA grades. The carbonyl groups of the vinyl acetate units provide dipolar and hydrogen-bond-acceptor interactions at the adhesive interface, increasing peel adhesion to polar substrates. The 25 g/10 min melt index is a single-point inverse viscosity indicator and does not define the complete shear-thinning curve. Capillary rheometry according to ASTM D3835 or ISO 11443 is needed to generate viscosity data for gear-pump sizing and nozzle pressure-drop calculations. The grade occupies a middle position between low-VA EVA used in heat-resistant packaging and high-VA EVA used for low-temperature film and flexible packaging applications.
The 28 wt% VA level is high enough to create a measurable polar surface contribution but low enough to retain compatibility with paraffin wax and hydrocarbon tackifiers in conventional hot melt formulations. If VA is increased above approximately 33 wt%, formulation compatibility with nonpolar waxes declines and tackifier selection must shift toward polar rosin esters or terpene phenolics. At VA below 18–19 wt%, adhesion to polar substrates is lower and the polymer is more crystalline. The 28 wt% grade therefore provides a balance for packaging and bookbinding formulations where both wet-out and cold-flex are required. Published mechanical property data for EVA copolymers in this VA range indicate tensile strength values generally between 10 MPa and 20 MPa and elongation at break above 600%; however, these are literature-class values and must not replace the grade-specific supplier datasheet. Hardness, tensile strength, and elongation are controlled by the supplier and are reported in the certificate of analysis.
Thermal behaviour of the base polymer influences hot melt set speed and heat resistance. The crystalline melting peak is suppressed relative to low-VA EVA; differential scanning calorimetry of 28 wt% VA grades generally shows a broad melting endotherm in the 65°C to 80°C range, depending on thermal history. A broad melting endotherm contributes to a wide softening range and allows the adhesive film to remain flexible after solidification but lowers upper service temperature under load. The base resin alone is not formulated for load-bearing conditions above 60°C.
Table 1 summarizes the nominal base resin characteristics relevant to incoming inspection. Values are nominal, not specification limits; the supplier certificate of analysis is the governing document.
| Characteristic | Test method | Unit | Nominal value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vinyl acetate content | ASTM D5594-18a | wt% | 28 |
| Melt index | ASTM D1238-20 / ISO 1133-1:2022 | g/10 min | 25 |
| Nominal density | ASTM D792-20 | g/cm³ | 0.95 |
These values form the minimum incoming QC profile for hot melt compounders. Melt index should be rechecked after drying because thermal history and moisture can shift flow. Vinyl acetate content should be checked by FTIR when blending with other EVA grades to maintain final adhesive polarity. Density is used for weight-to-volume conversion in continuous gravimetric feed systems. Absence of these QC steps can produce lot-to-lot viscosity shifts in the final adhesive.
Tackifier compatibility with 28 wt% VA EVA is governed by polarity match. Rosin ester tackifiers are commonly used in packaging and bookbinding because their polar ester groups interact with the vinyl acetate carbonyls. Hydrocarbon tackifiers may reduce viscosity and improve wet-out but can lower final adhesion if used above the compatibility limit. Paraffin wax reduces melt viscosity and sets fast but can bloom on the adhesive surface if wax concentration is too high or VA content exceeds polarity compatibility. Fischer-Tropsch wax provides higher heat resistance than paraffin wax but may require a higher processing temperature. The correct tackifier/wax ratio is formulation-specific and is validated by peel, shear, and hot tack testing using ASTM D1876 for T-peel, ASTM D3163 or ASTM D1002 for shear, and ASTM D4498 for heat fail temperature.
Open time and set speed are not fixed by the base polymer alone. The 25 g/10 min melt index contributes to short open time and rapid set compared with lower MI grades, but wax type and concentration dominate. For manual assembly, tackifiers with higher softening points and lower wax content extend open time. For high-speed carton sealing, the formulation typically contains enough wax to define a fast set point. These values are measured in production trials; published data for this specific configuration is limited.
Thermal processing of EVA requires strict temperature control because vinyl acetate units degrade by deacetylation. The degradation reaction releases acetic acid and creates unsaturation along the polymer chain. In bulk hot melt tanks, the melt temperature is typically maintained at 160–180°C; excursions above 200°C for more than a short period accelerate viscosity drift, colour change, and char formation. Contact surfaces in tanks, pumps, hoses, and application heads are preferably 316 stainless steel because acetic acid is corrosive to carbon steel. Nitrogen blanketing is used in continuous operations to limit oxidative degradation. Dead-leg fittings and stagnant zones should be eliminated because char formed in stagnant hot melt can slough into the adhesive stream and plug nozzles.
For compounding, a jacketed sigma-blade mixer with a working capacity of 50–200 L and blade speeds of 20–40 rpm is common for batch hot melt production. Alternatively, a corotating twin-screw extruder with L/D 40 and a temperature profile from 120°C to 160°C is used when high filler loading or continuous pelletization is required. The base resin is melted first in the mixer before tackifier and wax addition; loading hot tackifier into unmelted polymer can cause non-uniform plasticization and local overheating.
Moisture uptake is low, but condensation on cold pellets can introduce surface moisture. When bags are opened in humid conditions or pellets are brought into a warm production area from cold storage, drying at 60–70°C for 2–3 hours in a desiccant or hot-air dryer is recommended. Drying above 80°C risks pellet blocking and pre-thermal degradation. Surface moisture produces bubbles in slot die coatings and can cause intermittent flow from hot melt guns.
Because the melt index is a single-point test, it should not be used alone to set gear pump speed. A Brookfield viscometer at 180°C with a Thermosel spindle is used for QC of formulated hot melt; viscosity drift from the established control band indicates degradation or batch segregation. Capillary rheometry per ASTM D3835 provides the shear viscosity curve from 100 s⁻¹ to 10,000 s⁻¹, covering the shear rates encountered in nozzle and slot-die application. The absence of such data for a specific formulation should be noted in the purchase specification and resolved before high-speed production.
During compounding, hindered phenolic antioxidant is typically added at 0.5–1.0 wt% of total formulation to protect the molten adhesive during hold times at temperature. The antioxidant package should be validated by accelerated ageing, such as 72 h at 180°C with periodic viscosity measurement. The base resin alone is not stabilized for prolonged hot melt residence. Application equipment for packaging hot melts includes gear-pump units with volumetric outputs from 10 kg/h to 100 kg/h, heated hoses, and automatic nozzles with orifice diameters between 0.2 mm and 0.5 mm. Pressure drop is calculated from capillary rheometry data, not from melt index alone. Oil-heated hoses above 180°C can accelerate degradation and increase char formation; hose temperature should therefore be interlocked with tank temperature.
Selection between LG EVA 28025 and other EVA grades is based on the balance between adhesion, melt viscosity, melt strength, and heat resistance. The following table gives qualitative comparisons for three polymer configurations. The comparisons are based on general EVA structure-property relationships and are not finished-adhesive performance data; final selection requires formulation-specific testing.
| Property | 28 wt% VA / 25 g/10 min MI | 18–19 wt% VA / 25 g/10 min MI | 28 wt% VA / 5 g/10 min MI |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adhesion to polar surfaces such as aluminium and cellulose | higher | lower | similar |
| Melt viscosity at 180°C | lower | similar | higher |
| Low-temperature flexibility | higher | lower | similar |
| Heat resistance under load at 60–70°C | moderate | moderate to higher | higher |
| Open time in standard packaging adhesive | shorter | similar | longer |
The 28 wt% VA/25 g/10 min combination is preferred in high-speed packaging lines where the adhesive is applied through small nozzles and must wet the substrate quickly. If the line runs at moderate speed but the finished carton is stored in a hot vehicle or near a heat source, a lower MI grade may be substituted because higher molecular weight improves cohesive strength at elevated temperature. If the substrate is an untreated polyolefin film, changing VA content alone is usually insufficient; surface treatment or a different adhesive chemistry is required. A lower VA grade is selected when adhesion to polar substrates is less important and the formulation requires higher crystallinity, faster set, or improved heat resistance.
In non-packaging hot melt applications, the grade is used in furniture profile wrapping and edgebanding formulations where PVC, ABS, polyester, and paper foils are bonded to MDF or particleboard. The 28 wt% VA content improves adhesion to PVC and coated papers, while the 25 g/10 min melt index permits even distribution through narrow slot dies. Bookbinding side gluing and softcover casing-in use this grade when adhesion to coated paper and cold-flex are required. The low melt viscosity helps penetration into folded signatures, but the formulation must be adjusted to avoid bleedthrough on thin paper. For perfect binding requiring high spine pull strength, a higher-viscosity EVA or a blend is often required. Footwear assembly uses 28 wt% VA EVA hot melts for temporary bonding of insoles and for lamination. The resin retains flexibility at low temperature, but oil resistance and plasticizer resistance are limited. For oily leather or heavily plasticized PVC, a different polymer is required.
Compared with amorphous poly-alpha-olefin hot melts, LG EVA 28025 has higher polarity and generally better adhesion to cellulose but lower heat resistance and colour stability. Compared with polyamide hot melts, EVA provides lower cost and lower heat resistance. In automotive interior lamination, the base polymer may be used when low fogging and odour are not the primary requirements. Acetic acid released during thermal degradation can contribute to odour and corrosion; low-odour grades or polyolefin adhesives are sometimes preferred for closed compartments.
Regulatory compliance for LG EVA 28025 is end-use-dependent. For food packaging adhesives, assessment is typically made under FDA 21 CFR 175.105 when the adhesive is separated from food by a functional barrier, or under FDA 21 CFR 177.1350 for ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers used in certain direct food contact articles. The appropriate section depends on food type, contact temperature, and migration limits. REACH registration status is established by the supplier for the base resin; the downstream formulator is responsible for SVHC assessment of the complete mixture. For electrical and electronic applications, the base resin may be evaluated under EU RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU for the restricted substances lead, cadmium, mercury, hexavalent chromium, PBB, and PBDE. A RoHS-compliant base resin does not automatically make the final hot melt compliant because tackifiers, waxes, stabilizers, and pigments must also be assessed. Users should obtain the supplier safety data sheet and regulatory data sheet before production.
On a high-speed corrugated case line using compressed-air spray application, the low melt viscosity of a 25 g/10 min base polymer allows a thin molten film to penetrate the top liner of clay-coated board. Compression for 0.5–1.0 s is often sufficient to produce fiber-tearing bonds when the formulation is correctly balanced. The 28 wt% VA content improves wet-out on the clay coating, but warehouse storage above 35°C may soften the bond; in such service a lower MI grade, a higher-melting wax, or a different tackifier system should be evaluated. Trial runs on the actual packaging line are required because line speed, board temperature, porosity, and compression dwell time cannot be simulated reliably in a laboratory lap-bond test alone.
