| HS Code | 918414 |
| Product Name | HANWHA EVA 1315 |
| Vinyl Acetate Content | 28% |
| Melt Flow Rate 190 C 2 16kg | 30 g/10min |
| Density | 0.951 g/cm3 |
| Melting Point | 65°C |
| Glass Transition Temperature | -35°C |
| Tensile Strength At Break | 18 MPa |
| Elongation At Break | 800% |
| Hardness Shore A | 85 |
| Refractive Index | 1.480 |
| Volume Resistivity | 1.0 x 10^16 Ω·cm |
As an accredited HANWHA EVA 1315 factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | HANWHA EVA 1315 is supplied in 25 kg net polyethylene-lined paper bags, palletized and shrink-wrapped for secure handling. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | Load 20′ FCL with HANWHA EVA 1315 resin bags evenly, secure tightly, protect from heat and moisture. |
| Shipping | HANWHA EVA 1315 is a non-hazardous ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer supplied in solid pellet form. Ship in sealed, moisture-proof bags to prevent clumping, and store in dry, ventilated conditions. Protect from direct sunlight, excessive heat, and compression during transit to maintain product quality. |
| Storage | Store HANWHA EVA 1315 in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight, heat, and ignition sources. Keep containers tightly sealed to prevent moisture absorption and contamination. Avoid exposure to excessive humidity and dusty environments. No special storage restrictions required; maintain stable room temperature for optimal quality. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life is typically 2 years when stored in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight and moisture. |
In crosslinked footwear midsole compounding, EVA 1315 functions as the high-melt-strength base resin at 65–80 phr, with 20–35 phr of a higher-vinyl-acetate EVA or polyolefin elastomer added to adjust hardness and elongation at break. Finished components are tested under ISO 868 for Shore A hardness, ISO 8067 for tear strength, ASTM D412 for tensile properties, and ISO 1856 for compression set. REACH Annex XVII substance restrictions apply to blowing agents, crosslinking agents, plasticizers, and colorants used in the compound. The formulation addition window for EVA 1315 is constrained by the need to retain melt strength during gas expansion while avoiding excessive compound viscosity during internal mixing. Azodicarbonamide is typically incorporated at 1.0–2.5 phr, dicumyl peroxide at 0.5–0.9 phr, zinc oxide at 1.0–1.5 phr, zinc stearate at 0.3–0.8 phr, and calcium carbonate at 5–15 phr. The peroxide and blowing agent loadings are balanced so that radical crosslinking and cell nucleation overlap within a narrow temperature band of 165–180 °C; a deviation of more than ±5 °C from the specified mold temperature produces either premature gas loss before sufficient crosslink density develops or residual unreacted peroxide with surface tack and elevated compression set.
Downstream production begins with internal-mixer or twin-screw compounding at barrel temperatures of 105–120 °C and a die face temperature below 105 °C to prevent premature azodicarbonamide decomposition and dicumyl peroxide scorch. Twin-screw lines with L/D 40:1 and side-fed filler ports are used for high-output pellet production, followed by two-roll mill homogenization where batch-to-batch melt-flow variation from EVA 1315 is corrected by adjusting roll temperature and nip gap. Pellets are then injection-molded or compression-molded into midsoles at 155–170 °C, with hold time from 5–8 min depending on part thickness. Compression molding equipment with multiple daylight openings is preferred for midsoles above 20 mm thickness because injection-molded slabs may develop internal cell-size gradients exceeding 15% when melt fill time exceeds 2 s. Terminal products include running-shoe midsoles, orthotic footbeds, sports sandals, insoles, and pre-expanded EVA foam sheets for die-cut components.
Halogen-free flame-retardant sheathing compounds for low-voltage energy and control cables use EVA 1315 as the high-melt-strength char-forming component in a matrix that also contains linear low-density polyethylene, vinyl silane-coated magnesium hydroxide, and zinc borate. Compounds are evaluated under IEC 60754-1 for halogen acid gas content, IEC 60754-2 for pH and conductivity of combustion effluent, IEC 61034-2 for smoke density, and IEC 60332-1-2 for flame propagation. EVA 1315 is added at 25–35 wt% of the total compound, while magnesium hydroxide is loaded at 45–60 wt%, zinc borate at 3–8 wt%, and antioxidant at 0.2–0.4 wt%. Below 20 wt% EVA 1315, filler dispersion on a twin-screw line with L/D 36–52 deteriorates and die lip build-up increases; above 40 wt%, the Vicat softening point under ISO 306 becomes the limiting factor for cable sheath hot-pressure performance.
Compounding is conducted on a co-rotating twin-screw extruder with side stuffing at 145–175 °C, followed by strand pelletizing and pre-drying at 70 °C for 2 h when ambient relative humidity exceeds 60%. Cable extrusion uses a single-screw extruder with L/D 24:1–30:1, crosshead tooling, and melt temperatures of 150–175 °C. The finished sheath is applied over insulated conductors for low-voltage power cables, building wire, control cables, shipboard cable, and railway transit cable. The table below summarizes the compliance matrix for the compound.
| Standard | Parameter | Test Designation |
|---|---|---|
| IEC 60754-1:2011 | Halogen acid gas content | Combustion tube method |
| IEC 60754-2:2011 | Acidity and conductivity | Aqueous effluent analysis |
| IEC 61034-2:2019 | Smoke density | Light transmittance chamber |
| IEC 60332-1-2:2015 | Vertical flame propagation | Single insulated wire/cable |
| ISO 306 | Vicat softening temperature | Method A50 |
| ASTM D1238-23a | Melt flow index | 190 °C/2.16 kg |
Typically, a masterbatch carrier based on EVA 1315 is selected where the final article is a polyolefin film, foam, or cable compound that requires high filler dispersion without excessive carrier migration. The carrier fraction is 30–60 wt% in color concentrates and 20–40 wt% in flame-retardant concentrates containing 60–75 wt% magnesium hydroxide or aluminum trihydrate. Melt-flow characterization follows ISO 1133-1:2022 and ASTM D1238-23a. Where the final application involves food-contact packaging, the carrier system must meet FDA 21 CFR 177.1520 and European Union Regulation 10/2011 migration limits. EVA 1315 contributes higher stress transmission to filler agglomerates because its melt viscosity at 190 °C is in the low-MFI range, but this also imposes torque limitations on the compounding line. Non-nitrogenous processing stabilizers are preferred; amine-based antistatic packages are avoided because they can interfere with peroxide crosslinking in downstream EVA foam compounds.
Production is carried out on a co-rotating twin-screw extruder with L/D 44:1, high-shear kneading blocks, and a side stuffer for mineral fillers. Melt temperature is maintained at 120–160 °C, and an underwater pelletizer is used to produce cylindrical or spherical masterbatch granules. The final masterbatch is let down at 5–10 wt% in polyolefin film or cable compounds. Terminal products include flame-retardant masterbatches for low-voltage cable sheathing, color concentrates for blown film, and additive concentrates for crosslinked foam.
Three-layer blown film coextrusion for 150–200 µm agricultural greenhouse covers incorporates EVA 1315 in the middle layer at 10–30 wt% of the layer formulation, with LDPE or LLDPE forming the balance. Outdoor weathering and mechanical performance are assessed under ISO 527-3 for tensile properties of film, ISO 4892-2 for accelerated weathering, and EN 13206 for agricultural thermoplastic films. The vinyl acetate content of 15 wt% improves infrared retention and toughness relative to pure LDPE but also increases surface tack, so the outer layers are formulated with antiblock and slip agents. The production line uses a three-layer spiral mandrel die of 200–400 mm diameter, a blow-up ratio of 2.0–3.0, and melt temperatures of 170–195 °C. Winding tension is reduced relative to pure LDPE film to avoid blocking. Terminal products include greenhouse covers, low tunnel covers, and agricultural mulch film.
For closed-cell automotive foam sheet production, EVA 1315 is calendered into an uncured sheet formulation at 80–100 phr, with 0–20 phr of a higher-VA EVA or polyolefin elastomer, azodicarbonamide at 2–5 phr, dicumyl peroxide at 0.5–1.0 phr, zinc oxide at 1–2 phr, stearic acid at 0.3–0.5 phr, and calcium carbonate at 10–20 phr. Flammability of finished automotive interior components is evaluated under FMVSS 302 or ISO 3795, and cellular rubber classification is made under ASTM D1056. The EVA 1315 content governs crosslink density and compression set; at filler levels above 30 phr, the compression set under ISO 1856 becomes the limiting property for HVAC gasket applications because the crystalline ethylene sequences in EVA 1315 increase stiffness retention after repeated compression cycling.
Sheet production uses internal mixing followed by calendering at 90–110 °C to avoid premature crosslinking. The uncured sheet is expanded in a continuous hot-air oven or autoclave at 165–190 °C for 6–12 min, depending on sheet gauge. Electron-beam crosslinking is an alternative route when high thickness uniformity is required, with absorbed dose controlled by line speed and beam current. Terminal products include automotive HVAC gaskets, vibration-damping sheets, pipe insulation, and thermal insulation boards.
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HANWHA EVA 1315 is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer supplied by Hanwha Chemical Corporation as pelletized resin. The grade is defined by a nominal vinyl acetate comonomer content of 15 wt%, a melt index of 1.5 g/10 min when determined at 190 °C under a 2.16 kg load according to ASTM D1238, and a nominal density of 0.938 g/cm³ measured per ASTM D1505. Vinyl acetate content is commonly verified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy using ASTM D5594. These values should be read as typical lot averages rather than specification limits; the current manufacturer certificate of analysis and technical data sheet govern acceptance.
| Property | Test method | Typical value |
|---|---|---|
| Vinyl acetate content | ASTM D5594 | 15 wt% |
| Melt index | ASTM D1238 (190 °C, 2.16 kg) | 1.5 g/10 min |
| Density | ASTM D1505 | 0.938 g/cm³ |
The 15 wt% vinyl acetate level places the resin in the lower-mid comonomer range for ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers. The grade is sufficiently polar to improve adhesion to polar substrates and increase flexibility relative to unmodified low-density polyethylene, while retaining more crystalline character than EVA grades containing 25–33 wt% vinyl acetate. Compared with high-VA EVA copolymers, EVA 1315 provides higher hardness and greater retention of shape under mechanical load. Compared with low-density polyethylene homopolymer, it lowers heat-seal initiation temperature and reduces flexural stiffness. The melt index of 1.5 g/10 min is relatively low, which limits thin-wall injection molding flow length but supports melt tension in foam expansion and thick-section extrusion.
The grade is used in injection molded footwear components, chemically blown foam, extruded profiles, and general-purpose compounding. It is not formulated as a hot-melt adhesive resin because hot-melt applications typically require melt index values above 100 g/10 min for applicator flow. The product is also not intended for use as an extrusion coating resin where low melt viscosity and high drawdown are required.
The principal difference is molecular architecture. The vinyl acetate comonomer inserts acetate side groups along the polyethylene backbone, interrupting methylene run length and reducing crystallite thickness. Differential scanning calorimetry of EVA copolymers in the 14–16 wt% vinyl acetate range commonly resolves a broad primary melting endotherm between 92 and 96 °C under ASTM D3418 conditions, whereas low-density polyethylene homopolymer typically shows a primary melting endotherm near 108–112 °C. The resulting lower melt-processing onset allows EVA 1315 to be run at barrel setpoints below those commonly used for polyethylene homopolymer of similar melt index. Product-specific differential scanning calorimetry values should be obtained from the manufacturer because comonomer sequence distribution and additive package affect the exact peak shape.
The 1.5 g/10 min melt index indicates a relatively viscous melt under standard conditions. In capillary rheometry, the grade exhibits higher viscosity than general-purpose low-density polyethylene extrusion grades of similar density and higher melt tension. This property supports bubble stability in foam expansion and reduces sag in profile extrusion. It also limits thin-wall mold filling; injection molding tools with wall sections below 1 mm or long flow paths may require elevated melt temperature, higher injection velocity, or increased packing pressure. The resin is normally processed through general-purpose polyolefin screws with length-to-diameter ratio of 20:1 or greater. Barrier screws and mixing sections are acceptable when shear heating is controlled. Purging with low-density polyethylene is recommended when transitioning from polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene terephthalate.
The presence of vinyl acetate raises polarity and reduces contact angle on polar substrates such as aluminum, glass, and polyurethane. The effect is measurable through lap-shear or peel testing under ASTM D1876 or equivalent methods, although published data for EVA 1315-specific adhesion values is limited. Formulators should evaluate adhesion on the target substrate rather than rely on comonomer content alone because surface preparation, coating weight, and thermal history affect bond strength.
Sustained melt temperatures above 230 °C should be avoided because vinyl acetate segments can undergo deacetylation, releasing acetic acid. The acid is corrosive to unprotected tool steel and can cause discoloration. Processing should maintain melt temperature below 220 °C for residence times typical of injection molding and extrusion, and should minimize dead spots in hot runners and adapters. Venting of the mold or extruder barrel is required because volatile decomposition products can produce surface defects.
Conversion of EVA 1315 on injection molding lines requires attention to melt temperature, mold surface temperature, and clamping force. Clamp force requirements follow standard polyolefin projection-area calculations, but the higher viscosity of a 1.5 g/10 min melt relative to higher-flow EVA grades can increase injection pressure by a measurable margin. Mold shrinkage for filled and unfilled compounds should be established on prototype tooling because shrinkage interacts with part thickness, gate design, and filler loading. Pre-drying is not required for conventional injection molding under dry warehouse conditions. However, if cold pellets are exposed to humid air and surface condensation develops, the resin should be dried at 60–70 °C for 2–4 hours before processing to prevent surface defects.
Chemically blown EVA foam for footwear midsoles is produced by compounding EVA 1315 with azodicarbonamide blowing agent, dicumyl peroxide crosslinking agent, zinc oxide activator, and stearic acid or zinc stearate processing aid. The processing window is determined by the overlap between peroxide decomposition, which increases melt viscosity through crosslinking, and azodicarbonamide gas evolution, which expands cells. If gas evolution occurs before sufficient crosslinking, cell walls rupture or coalesce and foam density becomes non-uniform. If crosslinking overtakes gas evolution, expansion is constrained and the final density remains high. This cure/blow interaction is the main production bottleneck in EVA foam operations and must be re-established whenever filler source, peroxide particle size, or blowing agent activation is changed.
Typical compression molding cycles for EVA foam operate between 160 and 180 °C. At these temperatures, dicumyl peroxide decomposition is rapid enough to create a crosslinked network, while activated azodicarbonamide decomposes within a controlled gas evolution window. Zinc oxide lowers the decomposition onset of azodicarbonamide from near 200 °C to below 170 °C, bringing gas release into the cure-temperature range. Formulation changes that shift peroxide half-life or blowing agent decomposition by more than a few degrees can push the system out of the expansion window, producing blow holes, internal splits, or high-density scrap.
Compounding before molding is performed on twin-roll mills at 90–110 °C or in Banbury-type internal mixers for higher filler loadings. The filler is typically calcium carbonate, added to modify hardness, cost, and cell nucleation. Fillers increase melt viscosity and can restrict expansion; loadings above 20 phr require higher blowing agent levels or higher molding temperature to maintain foam density. EVA 1315 accepts moderate filler loading before melt strength loss becomes severe, but the specific upper limit depends on filler particle size, surface treatment, and mixing intensity.
Published data for EVA 1315-specific foam expansion kinetics is limited. Formulation and cycle optimization are typically performed through laboratory foaming trials on a compression molding press with instrumented platen temperature control and venting cycles. The listed melt index of 1.5 g/10 min is relevant to foam because higher melt-index grades flow too readily before crosslinking and can collapse during the initial expansion phase. Lower melt-index grades may resist flow during mold filling but can generate excessive shear heat and poor filler dispersion. The 15 wt% vinyl acetate content also influences foam hardness and resilience; at equivalent density, EVA 1315 produces a harder foam than EVA grades containing 25–28 wt% vinyl acetate, which is one reason it is selected for midsole and outsole components where compressive stiffness is required.
Foam lines producing midsole sheets frequently run a blowing agent masterbatch and a peroxide masterbatch to control dust and dispersion. Batch-to-batch variation in melt index or vinyl acetate content should be tracked because a shift of 0.2 g/10 min in melt index can alter shot-to-shot mold packing and foam density. Incoming resin lots should be verified by ASTM D1238 and ASTM D5594 before release to foam production. Resin stored in unsealed containers or exposed to direct sunlight may develop surface oxidation that changes color and affects cell structure.
Incompatibilities in foam formulations include acidic or strongly basic additives that interfere with peroxide decomposition. Certain amine compounds can alter peroxide cure kinetics and reduce crosslink density. Transition metal ions from pigments or contaminated regrind can also accelerate thermal degradation. Formulators should pre-test cure torque or moving-die rheometer response when changing pigment chemistry, filler source, or regrind ratio. Regrind addition above 30 wt% may shift melt viscosity and narrow the expansion window, particularly when the regrind has already undergone partial crosslinking or deacetylation.
Incoming lots should be verified for melt index and vinyl acetate content before release to molding or foam production. Melt index is measured by ASTM D1238 or ISO 1133-1:2022. Vinyl acetate content is measured by ASTM D5594 because density correlation is affected by thermal history, filler content, and additive package. The density value of 0.938 g/cm³ is a nominal property for the unfilled base resin and should not be used as a direct proxy for composition after compounding.
Food-contact applications involving the base polymer should be evaluated under 21 CFR 177.1350 for ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers or Commission Regulation (EU) No 10/2011 for plastic materials intended to contact food. Compliance depends on the complete formulation, including antioxidants, release agents, and processing aids, as well as migration testing under the intended conditions of use. The resin as supplied is not a finished food-contact article. For electrical and electronic equipment applications, RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU applies to the finished equipment rather than the raw polymer, and substance declarations should be requested from the manufacturer.
The operational boundaries of EVA 1315 include a maximum recommended melt-processing temperature near 220 °C, avoidance of strong oxidizing agents and chlorinated solvents in storage, and protection from direct sunlight. The resin should not be combined with amine-based additives in peroxide-cured foam without pre-testing, because amine interference can reduce crosslink density and shift the cure/blow balance. Continuous-use temperature for finished parts must be established for the specific compound and load condition; no single use-temperature limit applies across all foams, extruded profiles, and injection molded parts.
The grade designation EVA 1315 is often interpreted as approximately 15 wt% vinyl acetate, but the technical data sheet and certificate of analysis define the actual specification. Higher melt-index EVA grades are preferred for thin-wall injection molding where flow length is limiting. Lower melt-index grades are used where greater melt strength and drawdown resistance are required. EVA 1315 occupies an intermediate position that balances mold filling capability with melt elasticity, making it suitable for moderate-section molded parts and foam systems where premature flow can cause cell collapse.
