| HS Code | 896504 |
| Vinyl Acetate Content | 15 wt% |
| Melt Flow Rate 190 C 2 16kg | 4.0 g/10min |
| Density | 0.940 g/cm³ |
| Tensile Strength At Break | 24 MPa |
| Elongation At Break | 800% |
| Melting Point | 88 °C |
| Vicat Softening Point | 62 °C |
| Shore A Hardness | 90 |
| Brittleness Temperature | -80 °C |
| Crystallinity | Medium |
As an accredited HANWHA EVA 1540 factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Available in 25 kg polyethylene-lined bags, supplied as free-flowing EVA resin pellets for safe handling and storage. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20′ FCL loading of HANWHA EVA 1540: 25kg bags on shrink-wrapped pallets, securely stowed, net weight about 20 metric tons. |
| Shipping | HANWHA EVA 1540 is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin supplied as solid pellets. Ship as non-hazardous cargo in original sealed bags or bulk containers. Keep dry, avoid direct sunlight and high heat. Store in well-ventilated area, away from ignition sources. No special transport classification required. |
| Storage | Store HANWHA EVA 1540 in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight, heat, and open flames. Keep containers tightly sealed to prevent moisture absorption and contamination. Avoid dust accumulation and contact with strong oxidizers. Use proper grounding against static during handling. Follow local regulations and maintain adequate ventilation. |
| Shelf Life | Store unopened in a cool, dry place away from sunlight. Shelf life is 12 months from date of manufacture. |
In high-speed carton sealing and PVC edgebanding lines, HANWHA EVA 1540 is processed as a base polymer in gear pump–fed slot-die coaters operating at 160–180°C and line speeds of 60–150 m/min. The grade carries a nominal vinyl acetate content of 15 wt% and a melt index of 4.0 g/10 min when measured under ASTM D1238-20 at 190°C and 2.16 kg; this combination yields a higher cohesive plateau than higher-VA packaging grades while still providing sufficient polar adhesion to coated board, varnish, and PVC edge banding after tackifier addition. A bulk packaging formulation may contain 30–35 wt% EVA 1540, 35–40 wt% C5 aliphatic hydrocarbon tackifier with a ring-and-ball softening point of 95–105°C per ASTM E28-18, 20–30 wt% Fischer-Tropsch wax or refined paraffin wax with a melting point of 65–85°C, and 0.5–1.0 wt% hindered phenolic antioxidant. Brookfield Thermosel viscosity at 180°C under ASTM D3236-15 is generally controlled between 25,000 and 60,000 mPa·s; raising wax content above 30 wt% reduces dynamic shear adhesion on corrugated board with recycled fiber content above 60%, while reducing wax below 18 wt% extends setting time beyond 2.5 s on continuous packaging lines. Thermal stability during production requires closed melt tanks with nitrogen blanketing because the acetate side groups undergo thermolytic elimination of acetic acid at sustained temperatures above 200°C; this degradation mechanism appears on production scales as gradual viscosity drift, char adhesion to gear-pump clearances, and gel speck contamination at the slot-die lip. Bonded assemblies are assessed by T-peel adhesion under ASTM D1876-08 and shear adhesion failure temperature under ASTM D4498-07. For food-contact carton sealing within the European Union, finished hot-melt formulations must comply with Regulation (EC) No 1935/2004 and Regulation (EU) No 10/2011, with an overall migration limit of 10 mg/dm²; in the United States, adhesive components must satisfy FDA 21 CFR 175.105. Edgebanding lines running at 30–50 m/min commonly require partial substitution of petroleum hydrocarbon resin with rosin ester at 20–25 wt% to maintain adhesion to PVC and ABS edge tape, particularly where alcohol-based cleaning agents contact the joint in subsequent assembly steps.
Expansion trials on production compression presses using slab thicknesses of 25–40 mm show that HANWHA EVA 1540 is usually blended with a lower-melt-index EVA containing 18–22 wt% vinyl acetate at a ratio of 70–80 phr EVA 1540 to 20–30 phr of the higher-VA grade to moderate rebound and improve surface skin quality. The foaming system generally comprises azodicarbonamide at 3.0–4.5 phr, dicumyl peroxide at 0.5–0.8 phr, zinc oxide at 1.5–2.5 phr, stearic acid at 0.5–1.0 phr, and calcium carbonate at 5–10 phr as a nucleating filler. Mixing is carried out in an internal mixer or twin-screw compounding extruder with melt temperature held at 85–100°C to avoid premature decomposition of the blowing agent; the compound is then pelletized and compression-molded at 150–160°C under 150–200 kg/cm² for 8–12 min. The critical processing window is defined by competition between dicumyl peroxide crosslinking and azodicarbonamide gas evolution. At dicumyl peroxide loadings above 0.8 phr, crosslink torque onset measured by moving die rheometer under ASTM D5289-17 occurs before the gas yield peak, producing excessive melt strength that traps gas and creates surface fissures; at loadings below 0.45 phr, cell coalescence and internal void formation dominate. Zinc oxide shifts the azodicarbonamide decomposition onset lower by 5–12°C, and when zinc oxide exceeds 3.0 phr, gas evolution can outrun the developing crosslink network and rupture intercellular membranes. Final foam density according to ISO 845 typically falls between 0.16 and 0.22 g/cm³, with Asker C hardness measured under ASTM D2240 in the range of 55–65 for footwear midsole specifications. Compression set tested under ASTM D395-16 Method B at 50% compression, 6 h, and 50°C is usually below 30%. In full-scale production, slabs thicker than 35 mm develop a skin-core density gradient unless the press cooling stage uses a controlled reduction of 0.5°C/min between 120°C and 80°C; rapid cooling by ambient air produces dimensional instability during block splitting. Because HANWHA EVA 1540 contains 15 wt% vinyl acetate, its elastic recovery is lower than that of 22–28 wt% VA grades, so formulations intended for running or high-rebound midsole cells typically blend it with ethylene-octene copolymers at 10–20 phr to raise impact resilience under DIN 53512 while retaining the higher compound melt strength of EVA 1540.
When HANWHA EVA 1540 is selected as the polymer base for low-voltage cable sheathing compliant with IEC 60502-1, the formulation typically loads aluminum trihydroxide at 100–140 phr, magnesium dihydroxide at 20–50 phr, zinc borate at 5–10 phr, a silicone processing aid masterbatch at 3–6 wt%, and a hindered phenolic antioxidant at 0.5–1.0 phr. The 15 wt% vinyl acetate level provides less intrinsic wetting of metal hydrate surfaces than EVA grades with 28 wt% or higher VA; therefore, production-scale twin-screw compounding on corotating extruders with L/D ratios of 40:1–52:1 uses vinyl silane-treated ATH or 2–4 wt% of maleic anhydride-grafted EVA as a coupling interface. Barrel temperatures are maintained at 120–165°C, with ATH introduced through a downstream side feeder at zone 5 or 6 to limit viscosity spikes and to prevent thermal dehydration of ATH, which begins near 180–230°C and releases water vapor that produces porosity and surface roughness on extruded sheath layers. The primary fire-performance indicators for this application are limiting oxygen index under ASTM D2863-19 in the range of 34–38%, halogen acid gas emission under IEC 60754-1 with pH not less than 4.3 and conductivity not exceeding 10 μS/mm, smoke density under IEC 61034-2 with projected light transmittance not less than 60%, and single-wire vertical flame propagation under IEC 60332-1-2. Mechanical acceptance after heat aging is commonly measured by IEC 60811-501 tensile tests, with elongation at break above 160% and tensile strength of 10–14 MPa. A production-scale failure mode occurs when post-consumer recycled EVA or PE waxes with high free acid numbers are added above 5 wt%; acid attack on the metal hydrate filler consumes surface treatment and raises compounding torque beyond the rated gearbox capacity of a 52:1 L/D twin-screw machine. Additionally, barrel zones above 170°C in the devolatilization section increase acetic acid formation from EVA 1540, which can corrode vacuum ports and reduce the effectiveness of zinc borate as a char synergist under cone calorimeter testing to ISO 5660-1.
Carbon black concentrates based on HANWHA EVA 1540 are compounded on corotating twin-screw extruders with screw speeds of 350–500 rpm, barrel temperatures of 130–180°C, and L/D ratios from 36:1 to 48:1. A representative production formulation contains 45–60 wt% EVA 1540, 35–50 wt% furnace carbon black with iodine adsorption number of 80–120 mg/g per ASTM D1510-21, 3–5 wt% polyethylene wax, and 0.3–0.5 wt% hindered phenol antioxidant. The 4.0 g/10 min melt index of EVA 1540 is low enough to retain strand geometry after underwater pelletizing at water temperatures of 20–35°C, but high filler loading increases melt viscosity to the point that gear-pump inlet pressure must be monitored below 80 bar to prevent screw thrust bearing overload. Screw configuration uses high-shear kneading elements upstream of carbon black feed to break down pelletized feedstock, then low-shear conveying sections after the side feeder to limit carbon black attrition and acetate ester degradation. Filter packs with 100/200/100 mesh screens are placed ahead of the die plate; a pressure rise above 30 bar triggers screen pack change and is used as an empirical agglomerate warning. The masterbatch is let down at 2–4 wt% in linear low-density polyethylene film to obtain a carbon black concentration of 2.5–3.0 wt%, at which point UV weathering resistance of agricultural film is evaluated under ISO 4892-3 and tensile retention after exposure under ISO 527-3. Pellet attrition during pneumatic conveying is minimized by maintaining pellet water quench temperature between 20°C and 35°C and by adding 0.5–1.0 wt% ethylene bis-stearamide as a surface lubricant; higher levels above 1.5 wt% reduce strand cooling efficiency and cause brittle pellet fracture at the pelletizer rotor. Because the vinyl acetate content of EVA 1540 contributes to a lower melt point than high-density polyethylene carriers, converter-side screw dosing in the feed throat must be set below 40°C throat temperature to avoid premature softening and bridging on single-screw film extruders.
On torch-on bituminous waterproofing membrane lines, HANWHA EVA 1540 is compounded at 6–10 wt% in oxidized bitumen feedstock using high-shear rotor-stator mixers at 175–185°C for 2–3 h before calendering onto nonwoven polyester or glass-fiber carriers. The blend typically includes mineral filler at 20–30 wt% and may include atactic polypropylene at 5–10 wt% when lower melt viscosity at torch-on temperature is required. Softening point is measured under ASTM D36-14, penetration at 25°C under ASTM D5-20, low-temperature flexibility under ASTM D146-17, and tensile properties under ASTM D638-14 after conditioning at 23±2°C and 50±5% relative humidity. The addition of EVA 1540 raises the softening point of a 70/100 pen bitumen from approximately 45°C to 85–105°C depending on filler loading and shearing history. Published data specific to EVA 1540 in this exact formulation window is limited; screening under EN 13707 flexural cold bending and EN 12730 static indentation methods is required before roofing technical approval. A production-scale constraint is that prolonged mixing above 190°C increases acetic acid generation from the vinyl acetate groups, which accelerates oxidation of the bitumen phase and reduces low-temperature flexibility measured by ASTM D146. This application is limited to torch-applied waterproofing systems and should not be extended to emulsified asphalt cold-applied coatings without separate compatibility testing because the EVA phase destabilizes cationic emulsions containing fatty amine emulsifiers.
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Hanwha EVA 1540 is a pelletized ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer identified by a nominal vinyl acetate content of 15 wt% and a melt mass-flow rate of 4.0 g/10 min under 2.16 kg at 190 °C determined to ASTM D1238. The resin is produced in a high-pressure tubular reactor, a technology that typically yields a lower gel count and a narrower short-chain branching distribution than autoclave-derived EVA resins of equivalent comonomer level. The grade is supplied without slip or antiblock additives, permitting formulators to control surface friction and blocking independently. Typical physical data from manufacturer trade literature are listed in the following table.
| Property | Test method | Nominal value |
|---|---|---|
| Vinyl acetate content | ASTM D5594 | 15 wt% |
| Melt mass-flow rate | ASTM D1238, ISO 1133-1:2022 | 4.0 g/10 min |
| Density at 23 °C | ASTM D1505 | 0.938 g/cm³ |
| Vicat softening temperature | ASTM D1525 | 70 °C |
| Hardness | ASTM D2240 | 39 Shore D, 90 Shore A |
| Tensile strength at break | ASTM D638-14 | 17 MPa |
| Elongation at break | ASTM D638-14 | 750 % |
| Melting peak temperature | ASTM D3418 | 88 °C |
The 15 wt% comonomer content reduces crystallite thickness relative to a 9 wt% vinyl acetate grade, shifting the differential scanning calorimetry melting peak from approximately 98 °C to 88 °C under ASTM D3418 and lowering the Vicat softening point to 70 °C under ASTM D1525. This loss of crystallinity reduces flexural modulus and increases polar adhesion to aluminium foil, corona-treated polyethylene, and polyamide. In capillary rheometry, EVA 1540 exhibits lower apparent viscosity at 100 s⁻¹ and 190 °C than a 1.5 g/10 min melt-index EVA, but its melt tension is lower than that of a 0.7 g/10 min grade during blown-film bubble stabilisation. The wider separation between the crystalline melting point and decomposition onset is the principal processing advantage relative to EVA grades with 28 wt% vinyl acetate; those grades melt near 70 °C but begin acetic acid loss at approximately 210 °C, narrowing the safe compounding window. Published data for the specific bubble stability of this grade is limited to converter trial observations. Adhesion to aluminium foil under 180° peel testing is influenced by surface oxidation and coating weight, and direct comparison between grades must be performed on identical substrate lots.
On production-scale twin-screw compounding lines with a 44:1 L/D barrel and side feeding, EVA 1540 is dry-blended with 20–30 wt% calcium carbonate or talc before the filler side feed. The melt temperature at the die is maintained below 190 °C for residence times above 2 min. Vinyl acetate decomposition becomes measurable above 210 °C in air-purged thermogravimetric analysis, and the resulting acetic acid can corrode downstream equipment and cause surface defects in film or sheet. In crosslinked foam production, dicumyl peroxide is added at 0.5–1.2 phr; its half-life at 170 °C is approximately 1 min, so mixing temperature is held below 110 °C until the blowing agent is fully dispersed. Azodicarbonamide decomposition begins near 200 °C, and the 70 °C Vicat softening point of EVA 1540 allows compounds to be sheeted on open rolls at 90–100 °C without premature gas evolution. Foam density below 0.15 g/cm³ is achievable only when blowing gas pressure is controlled within ±0.2 bar and crosslinking density is sufficient to resist cell collapse during expansion. On injection molding machines with clamp force below 80 metric tons, the 4.0 g/10 min melt index permits thin-wall filling at lower injection pressure than a 1.5 g/10 min EVA, but pack pressure above 60 bar can collapse foam cells in chemical foaming processes.
In neutral EVA compounds, calcium stearate at concentrations up to 0.3 phr functions as an internal release agent without observable surface bloom. Above 0.3 phr, migration of the stearate to the surface can reduce heat-seal strength in extrusion coating and increase the heat-seal initiation temperature measured by ASTM F2029 by several degrees. In compounds containing calcium carbonate or talc, filler surface moisture is more influential than stearate level: fillers dried at 105 °C for 2 h before compounding reduce surface defects in cast film. In peroxide-cured foam, excess metal stearate can neutralise acidic residues but may also interfere with dicumyl peroxide decomposition and lower crosslink density. The grade is not formulated with amine-based stabilizers, and combination with amine-based additives is not recommended because accelerated ester hydrolysis can occur at processing temperatures above 190 °C.
For extrusion coating of paperboard, melt temperature at the die is set in the 210–230 °C range, but screw design must avoid dead zones because the acetate group undergoes thermal deacetylation above 210 °C. The 4.0 g/10 min melt index allows drawdown to a 20 g/m² coating weight at line speeds up to 150 m/min when the air gap is held below 100 mm. Hot-melt adhesive compounding with hydrocarbon tackifier at 30–40 wt% and paraffin wax at 10–15 wt% benefits from the acetate content, which slows crystallisation and extends open time. In adhesive applied at 180 °C, the reduction in tensile strength relative to a 9 wt% vinyl acetate grade is offset by improved low-temperature flexibility. For masterbatch and adhesive intermediates, published data for this specific formulation window is limited to line-scale adjustment trials, and rheology modifiers may be required to stabilize strand pelletization.
The 4.0 g/10 min melt index decreases compounding torque in internal mixers and permits carbon black loadings up to 50 wt% or titanium dioxide loadings up to 60 wt% where a 1.5 g/10 min carrier would exceed torque limits or require elevated mix temperatures. The lower melt tension, however, reduces strand integrity during pelletization. Strand cooling in a water bath below 15 °C is required at high filler loading to solidify the surface before strand cutting. In blown-film masterbatch dilution, let-down ratio is equipment-dependent, and converter trials are required to confirm the absence of agglomerates. Compared with EVA grades containing 28 wt% vinyl acetate, EVA 1540 provides better strand hardness after pelletization but lower elongation in high-filler systems.
Storage below 30 °C in sealed original packaging is recommended to prevent pellet blocking. At relative humidity above 60 %, drying at 60 °C for 4 h in a desiccant dryer is sufficient to reduce surface moisture below 0.05 wt%. Moisture above that level is observable as surface defects on extruded sheet and as irregular bubble formation in chemically foamed profiles. The compliance matrix beneath lists the principal regulatory references for the resin in articles.
| Requirement | Reference | Condition |
|---|---|---|
| EU REACH | Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 | Substance registration obligations apply to the imported polymer; SVHC screening required at article level |
| RoHS recast | Directive 2011/65/EU | Formulation review indicates no intentionally added lead, cadmium, mercury, hexavalent chromium, PBB, or PBDE |
| Food-contact | FDA 21 CFR 177.1350 | End-use extraction testing required for the specific food simulant |
| Toy safety migration | EN 71-3 | Not formulated by default for toy components; migration testing required after conversion |
When converted into foam sheet or injection-molded parts, the grade’s final compliance depends on additive package, color concentrate, and printing layer. Molded parts should be tested under the applicable end-use standard before commercial release.
