| HS Code | 120375 |
| Appearance | White granular powder |
| Degree Of Alcoholysis | 86-89 mol% |
| Viscosity 4 Aqueous Solution 20 C | 20.0-28.0 mPa·s |
| Ph | 5-7 |
| Volatile Content | ≤5.0% |
| Ash Content | ≤0.3% |
| Average Degree Of Polymerization | 1700 ± 100 |
| Average Molecular Weight | ~74,800 g/mol |
| Density | 1.25-1.31 g/cm³ |
| Solubility | Soluble in hot water above 80°C; insoluble in cold water and common organic solvents |
| Melting Point | 180-190°C |
| Particle Size | 20-80 mesh |
As an accredited Shuangxin 17-88 PVA (PVA 088-20) factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Available in 25 kg multi-wall paper bags with inner polyethylene liner, ensuring safe, dry handling of Shuangxin 17-88 PVA. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20′ FCL: Shuangxin 17-88 PVA (088-20) packed in 25kg bags on pallets, securely stowed for safe transit. |
| Shipping | Shuangxin 17-88 PVA ships as a non-hazardous, water-soluble polymer powder. Packed in sealed multi-layer bags or drums, it should be kept dry and away from moisture, heat, and ignition sources. Standard freight is suitable, with proper labeling and protection against dust and humidity during transport. |
| Storage | Store Shuangxin 17-88 PVA (PVA 088-20) in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area. Keep the original sealed packaging intact to prevent moisture absorption and contamination. Avoid direct sunlight, high temperatures, and open flames. Ensure the storage area is clean and free from acidic or oxidizing materials. Use proper handling to prevent dust accumulation. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life is typically 2 years when stored in a cool, dry place, away from moisture and direct sunlight. |
Sizing formulations for spun polyester/cotton warps are usually cooked in a continuous jet cooker at 92–95 °C and transferred to the slasher size box with a holding temperature of 80–85 °C. Shuangxin 17-88 PVA (PVA 088-20) enters the size mix as the primary film-forming polymer, with a 4% aqueous solution viscosity of 20.0–26.0 mPa·s at 20 °C under Brookfield LV conditions and an alcoholysis degree of 86.0–89.0 mol%. The low ash content and controlled volatile matter permit stable cook viscosity during extended slasher runs; viscosity drift across an 8-hour holding period is typically held below ±10% in closed size boxes. The size formulation for a 65/35 polyester/cotton warp commonly combines 45–55 wt% PVA dry solids, 30–40 wt% oxidized maize starch, 3–6 wt% acrylic co-binder and 1–2 wt% high-density polyethylene wax based on total dry size solids. Squeeze-roll pressure is set between 15–25 kN/m at the size box, and slasher speed is maintained at 40–80 m/min depending on yarn count and section count. Dry add-on for spun polyester/cotton is controlled to 8–12%; overdrying above 140 °C cylinder surface temperature induces film brittleness and size splitting at the split rods. The sized yarn should leave the drying section at 6–8% moisture regain. In subsequent weaving, the main technical benefits are yarn hairiness reduction and abrasion resistance under the reciprocating action of heald frames and reed wires; film tenacity of isolated PVA 088-20 cast films is reported in the range of 38–46 MPa with elongation at break of 150–180% at 23 °C and 50% RH when tested per ISO 527-3. The practical upper boundary appears when the size bath viscosity exceeds 180–200 mPa·s: at that point the size pick-up becomes non-uniform, and ends deposit on the squeeze rolls. Desizing under oxidative or amylase conditions requires maintaining wash-water temperature above 80 °C, because partially hydrolyzed PVA films that are dried above 120 °C can form crystalline domains that resist cold-water removal.
| Yarn substrate | PVA 088-20 solids | Starch component | Acrylic co-binder | Wax | Size-box viscosity | Dry add-on |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 100% cotton ring-spun | 50–60 wt% | 30–40 wt% oxidized maize starch | 3–5 wt% | 1–2 wt% | 140–200 mPa·s | 10–14% |
| 65/35 polyester/cotton | 45–55 wt% | 30–40 wt% oxidized maize starch | 3–6 wt% | 1–2 wt% | 100–160 mPa·s | 8–12% |
| 100% viscose spun | 35–45 wt% | 25–35 wt% starch derivative | 8–12 wt% | 2–4 wt% | 80–120 mPa·s | 5–8% |
In surface sizing of linerboard, white-top board and kraft paper, Shuangxin 17-88 PVA is generally applied through a film press, gate-roll coater or size press at 45–60 °C as a blend with oxidized starch or chitosan-based polymers. The working solution for a film press often contains 0.5–2.0 wt% PVA and 5–9 wt% starch solids, yielding a Brookfield viscosity of 50–150 mPa·s at 50 °C. Dry add-on is maintained between 0.4–1.8 g/m² per side; higher add-on above 2.2 g/m² produces calendering blackening and increases blocking tendency on rewound reels. The dominant constraint is water resistance: PVA 088-20 is an 88 mol% hydrolyzed polymer and therefore retains measurable water sensitivity, so production formulations commonly include alkyl ketene dimer or alkenyl succinic anhydride internal sizing in the wet end if Cobb values below 40 g/m² are required. Under ISO 535 testing, an external surface treatment based solely on PVA without internal size can produce Cobb60 values of 50–90 g/m² on kraft liner; the exact response depends on substrate porosity and starch penetration. Surface strength measured by IGT pick resistance per ISO 3783 typically improves by 20–40% after PVA addition when compared with a starch-only baseline at equal add-on. The film-forming mechanism involves PVA migration into the surface pores and the formation of a continuous collapsed film at the drying cylinder temperatures of 80–110 °C. Operational limits are defined by borate crosslinking: small quantities of borax or boric acid in recycled process water can raise viscosity sharply, and at 0.5 wt% borax on total starch solids the solution may gel in the return pan. Consequently, mills using recycled kraft broke with high borate content must either increase mill water purge or add a compatibilizing polyol such as glycerol at 2–5 wt% of the PVA solids. Another constraint is cooling in the supply line; viscosity of partially hydrolyzed PVA rises as temperature drops below 40 °C, and line filters of 60–80 mesh should be specified to avoid gel skinning. The terminal products include coated folding cartons, paper sacks, release liners and inkjet base papers where controlled water fastness and picking resistance are required.
This threshold is encountered in batch vinyl acetate and vinyl acetate-ethylene emulsion polymerization when Shuangxin 17-88 PVA is used as the primary protective colloid. The recommended pre-dissolution step prepares a 10–15 wt% PVA solution in demineralized water at 85–90 °C; after cooling to 45–50 °C, the solution is charged to the reactor with the initial monomer fraction. Typical protective colloid addition is 2.0–5.0 wt% of total vinyl acetate monomer, with the lower end used for high-viscosity wood glues and the upper end for low-viscosity paint binders and non-woven saturants. Polymerization temperature is held at 65–75 °C for peroxide-initiated systems and 80–85 °C for persulfate-initiated feeds. The critical grafting phase occurs during the first 30 minutes, when vinyl acetate radicals abstract protons from the PVA backbone and create a grafted colloid layer that controls particle size and shear stability. If reactor viscosity exceeds 12,000 mPa·s at 25 °C during feeding, the common corrective actions include reducing PVA solids to 2.5–3.0 wt%, raising the delayed monomer feed rate uniformity, or adding a secondary low-viscosity polyvinyl alcohol grade.
Final emulsion solids are typically 48–52% with Brookfield viscosity between 8,000–15,000 mPa·s, depending on particle size distribution and plasticizer post-addition. Median particle sizes for PVA-protected vinyl acetate homopolymers in this solids range commonly fall between 0.8–2.5 µm, measured by laser diffraction under ISO 13320. Residual free vinyl acetate monomer must be reduced below 0.5 wt% before cooling, and formal specifications for polyvinyl acetate homopolymer adhesives often reference VOC limits under EU Directive 2004/42/EC or equivalent national restrictions. Batch-to-batch variation is influenced by pH drift: PVA 088-20 solutions have a pH of 5.0–7.0, and organic acids generated during hydrolysis can lower reactor pH below 4.0, reducing grafting efficiency and producing coarse grit. High-calcium water above 300 mg/L hardness can destabilize the PVA colloid and should be treated with a chelating agent. The terminal emulsions are used in wood bonding, paper lamination, non-woven binder formulations and architectural coating intermediates where plasticizer compatibility and high wet tack are required.
Paper tube winding and sheet lamination adhesives prepared with Shuangxin 17-88 PVA are cooked at 85–90 °C for 20–30 minutes before starch and clay are dispersed into the solution. A wet formulation for spiral cores commonly contains 8–12 wt% PVA, 5–10 wt% starch, 2–5 wt% kaolin clay, 2–4 wt% plasticizer and 0.2–0.5 wt% preservative, with pH adjusted to 4.8–5.5. Brookfield viscosity at 25 °C is held between 5,000–20,000 mPa·s by clay addition; open time on recycled board at 25 °C and 50% RH is 60–120 seconds. Borax at 0.3–1.0 wt% raises wet tack, but addition above 1.2 wt% gels the batch. The dried bond exhibits fibre tear on recycled paperboard and is evaluated for food-contact suitability under FDA 21 CFR 175.105 and EU Regulation (EC) No 1935/2004. Terminal uses include spiral paper cores, composite cans and paper sack bottom paste.
Film casting lines running Shuangxin 17-88 PVA at 12–16 wt% solids in deionized water require a dissolution stage at 90–95 °C and a deaeration hold under −0.085 to −0.095 MPa vacuum to prevent pinhole formation. Glycerol is introduced at 10–20 wt% of dry PVA mass, and sorbitol may replace part of the glycerol at 5–10 wt% to reduce surface tack. The solution is cast through a slot die onto a stainless-steel or PET carrier belt at a wet film thickness of 0.4–1.0 mm. Drying zones are typically profiled from 70 °C to 95 °C with relative humidity held between 40–70%, because rapid surface drying causes skinning and poor plasticizer distribution. Final film moisture is controlled to 8–12%, and the rewind tension is set below 20 N/m to limit blocking. Cast film properties are measured per ISO 527-3: tensile strength commonly falls between 35–48 MPa, elongation at break between 180–250%, and elastic modulus between 100–250 MPa at 23 °C and 50% RH. Heat-seal strength develops at 130–170 °C on impulse or constant-heat sealers, with dwell times of 0.5–1.5 seconds. The decisive technical boundary is dissolution temperature: this 88 mol% hydrolyzed grade begins to dissolve in water at 40–60 °C under agitation, but it is not a cold-water soluble film at 20 °C; therefore it is unsuitable for single-dose detergent sachets designed for cold-water washing. In warm-water agrochemical packaging and cement bag liners, the film provides powder containment and dissolves after process water is heated above 45 °C. Producers must avoid excessive heat history above 150 °C for prolonged periods, because the film can undergo crosslinking and lose water solubility. Terminal products include laundry bags for contaminated linen, dye powder pouches, pigment pre-weighed packs and water-soluble transfer release films where controlled hot-water disintegration is acceptable.
Dry-mix tile adhesive and repair mortar formulations containing 0.8–2.0 wt% of Shuangxin 17-88 PVA are dry-blended with Portland cement, graded silica sand, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, redispersible polymer powder and calcium formate accelerator in high-speed horizontal mixers. The PVA is added as a fine powder with a particle size passing a 0.15 mm sieve to avoid segregation; it hydrates during mixing and acts as a secondary water-retention and early adhesion promoter. In a standard wall tile adhesive tested under EN 1348:2007, formulations with 1.0–1.5 wt% PVA typically show open times of 20–30 minutes and 28-day tensile adhesion strength above 1.0 N/mm² on concrete after standard conditioning. Water retention under EN 459-2 or ASTM C91 can rise by 15–30% relative to the same formulation without PVA, which reduces premature skinning during hot-weather application above 30 °C. The main operational boundary is over-addition: above 3.0 wt% of cementitious binder, PVA can reduce compressive strength by increasing polymer film thickness between cement grains and by delaying hydration through surface adsorption. In self-leveling underlayments, the upper limit is usually lower, around 1.5 wt%, because excess PVA raises viscosity and entrains air. High-alkali conditions do not degrade the PVA chain rapidly at room temperature, but prolonged storage of dry mixes above 35 °C in the presence of free lime can discolour the powder and reduce solubility. The terminal uses include cement-based tile adhesives, skimming plasters, repair mortars, sealing slurries and gypsum board joint compounds where controlled rewetting and cohesive strength improvement are required. Published data for this specific configuration is limited; most comparative studies evaluate partially hydrolyzed PVA as a binder modifier in generic cementitious mortar under Chinese GB/T 25181 or European EN 998-1 test frameworks.
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Shuangxin 17-88 PVA, alternatively listed as PVA 088-20, is a partially hydrolysed polyvinyl alcohol resin supplied as a white to off-white granular solid. The grade designation follows the convention in GB/T 12010.1-2008: the first block denotes a nominal degree of polymerisation of 1700, and the second block denotes a nominal alcoholysis degree of 88 mol%. The alternate PVA 088-20 code conveys the same structural type from a viscosity-centred perspective: 88 indicates the alcoholysis class, and 20 indicates the nominal 4% aqueous solution viscosity near 20 mPa·s. The resin is produced through alcoholysis of polyvinyl acetate followed by saponification, washing, and drying; the final product retains residual acetate groups that disrupt intermolecular hydrogen bonding and reduce crystallinity. This structural feature distinguishes 17-88 from fully hydrolysed grades such as 17-99 and gives it solubility in water at room temperature or mild heating, lower film tensile strength, and higher elongation before break. The material is handled in multi-wall paper bags or bulk sacks of 20 kg, 25 kg, or 500 kg depending on the packaging line. Industrial consumption is concentrated in textile warp sizing, paper surface sizing, aqueous adhesives, and protective-colloid duties in vinyl acetate emulsion polymerisation. The specification boundary for the grade is defined by alcoholysis degree, solution viscosity, volatile matter, ash, and pH rather than by particle size distribution alone.
Alcoholysis degree is controlled between 86.0 mol% and 89.0 mol% when determined by saponification of residual acetate groups according to ISO 15023-2:2011. This range is not a marketing tolerance; it is the processing window in which the grade retains cold-water solubility while avoiding excessive surface tack and water sensitivity. Below 86 mol%, residual acetyl content increases enough to soften dried films and increase blocking in sized paper, while above 89 mol% the polymer begins to behave more like a fully hydrolysed grade and requires higher dissolution temperature. The 4% aqueous solution viscosity at 20 °C is specified at 20.0–26.0 mPa·s using a Brookfield viscometer or calibrated capillary viscometer referenced to ISO 15023-2:2011. This viscosity band is a practical proxy for chain length and is correlated with a nominal degree of polymerisation between 1700 and 1800. Volatile matter is limited to ≤ 5.0 % after drying at 105 °C for 3 h, ash to ≤ 0.5 % after ignition at 800 °C, and pH of a 4% aqueous solution to 5.0–7.0. The low ash limit is relevant in ceramic binder and electronic-grade applications where sodium, iron, and chloride residues must remain low; users should request the actual certificate of analysis for the specific batch because the specification is an upper-bound trade value rather than a batch-level guarantee for every trace metal. Bulk density typically lies between 0.40 g/cm³ and 0.60 g/cm³, but it is not a release parameter for all shipments.
| Parameter | Specification range | Test method |
|---|---|---|
| Alcoholysis degree | 86.0–89.0 mol% | ISO 15023-2:2011 |
| 4% aqueous solution viscosity at 20 °C | 20.0–26.0 mPa·s | ISO 15023-2:2011 |
| Volatile matter | ≤ 5.0 % | ISO 15023-2:2011 |
| Ash content | ≤ 0.5 % | ISO 15023-2:2011 |
| pH of 4% aqueous solution | 5.0–7.0 | ISO 15023-2:2011 |
In aqueous adhesive work, the principal performance difference between 17-88 and fully hydrolysed 17-99 is dissolution temperature and crystallinity, not simply molecular weight. A 4% solution of 17-99 must usually be heated above 90 °C to achieve complete hydration, whereas 17-88 disperses in cold water and fully dissolves under mild heating at 25–40 °C depending on particle size and agitation. This difference allows 17-88 to be used in formulations where heat history is restricted or where a separate cook tank is unavailable. Films cast from 17-88 are softer and more extensible than 17-99 films because residual acetate groups interrupt the planar zigzag hydrogen-bonding sequence; however, the penalty is lower wet strength and greater moisture sensitivity. In carton-sealing and paper-bag adhesives, 17-88 improves open time and initial tack on kraft paper, but a fully hydrolysed grade is preferred when the dried bond line must survive high-humidity storage. The compatibility of 17-88 with plasticizers such as glycerol or polyglycol is also greater, and formulations at plasticizer loadings of 5–15 phr remain homogeneous without exudation. The operational boundary is that 17-88 should not be combined with borax or boric acid at high pH because the syn-diol configuration forms reversible monodiol–didiol complexes that increase viscosity and can produce gel particles. Film tensile behaviour should be measured according to ISO 527-3:2018 after conditioning at 23 °C and 50 % RH for 48 h; published data for specific Shuangxin 17-88 adhesive blends is limited.
During batch and semi-continuous vinyl acetate emulsion polymerisation, the selection of 17-88 as protective colloid influences particle nucleation, grafting density, and final latex rheology more than the initiator concentration at equal solids. A typical production reactor with a 10,000 L capacity, a dual-anchor and turbine agitator operating at 120–160 rpm, and an internal cooling coil maintains polymerisation between 70 °C and 80 °C with a persulfate or redox initiator system. 17-88 is dissolved in the water phase at 2–5 wt% based on total monomer; at the upper end of this range, the solution viscosity before monomer addition is already high enough that agitator power draw increases by 15–25 % compared with a surfactant-only charge. The residual acetate groups on the 17-88 backbone participate in grafting reactions with vinyl acetate radicals, generating grafted PVAc branches that anchor the particle surface while the unreacted hydroxyl-rich blocks provide steric stabilisation in the aqueous phase. If the protective colloid concentration is below 2 wt%, nucleation becomes uncontrolled and the particle size distribution broadens, often producing a bimodal distribution with coarse particles above 1 μm that reduce shear stability. At concentrations above 5 wt%, the continuous phase viscosity rises, leading to foam entrainment and lower heat-transfer coefficients, and the dispersion may exhibit thixotropic recovery times that complicate filter cleaning. The final dispersion viscosity is not a direct function of the 17-88 viscosity alone; it depends on particle size distribution, polymer solids, grafting efficiency, and post-added plasticizer. Therefore, published numerical viscosity values for a specific end-use dispersion cannot be transferred from the 17-88 certificate of analysis without pilot trials. The grade is compatible with nonionic ethoxylates such as alkylphenol ethoxylates and alcohol ethoxylates, but strong anionics can displace the protective colloid and produce serum phase viscosity drift. The main production-scale failure mode is formation of gel specks in the reactor at the monomer feed point when local vinyl acetate concentration exceeds the solubility limit of the grafted colloid; this is controlled by slowing monomer addition or raising agitation at the feed zone.
Aqueous solutions of 17-88 can be prepared by dispersing the granules in ambient water under agitation and then heating to 40–60 °C; complete colloidal dissolution is normally reached within 60–90 min when a high-speed disperser with a Cowles blade provides tip speed of 5–10 m/s. At these temperatures, the solution appears translucent to slightly hazy because of residual acetate association, but it should not contain undispersed gel particles. The rheology is pseudoplastic: apparent viscosity falls as shear rate increases from 1 s⁻¹ to 100 s⁻¹, and recovery after high shear is rapid but not instantaneous. In film applications, the dried film is water-sensitive immediately after casting; re-dissolution rate decreases as the film is heat-treated above 100 °C because of crystalline domain growth, which is a practical way to obtain temporary water resistance in paper coatings. The film tensile behaviour should be measured according to ISO 527-3:2018 after conditioning at 23 °C and 50 % RH for 48 h. Aqueous solutions left below 40 °C for more than 24 h without preservative can undergo microbial growth because the grade contains no biocide; benzisothiazolinone at 50–150 ppm or methylisothiazolinone at 25–75 ppm is typical for storage stability. The solution must not be combined with borax, boric acid, or high levels of polyvalent metal salts because of diol complexation and potential gelling; pH should be maintained between 5.0 and 7.5, and prolonged heating above 90 °C can accelerate hydrolysis of residual acetate groups and shift the effective alcoholysis degree upward.
Dissolution defects in process water appear as translucent fish eyes when granules are added too quickly to a low-shear tank. A production-scale mixing procedure that avoids this is to screen the granules into water at 25–35 °C through a 2 mm sieve while the Cowles blade runs at tip speed 5–10 m/s, then raise the batch to 40–60 °C for 60–90 min. After cooling to 20 °C, the solution can be filtered through a 150 μm mesh screen to remove residual fish eyes before use in adhesive or coating equipment. Filtration pressure must remain below 1.5 bar to avoid shear-induced aggregation at the screen face. This step is particularly important in roll-coating operations where undissolved gel particles create streaks.
In surface sizing of fine paper and linerboard, 17-88 is typically applied as a component of a size-press formulation at total solids between 6 % and 10 % and size-bath temperature between 50 °C and 60 °C. The partially hydrolysed grade penetrates the sheet less than fully hydrolysed high-viscosity grades but more than low-viscosity 05-88, giving a balance between surface hold-out and internal sizing. On a film press with rod metering, the 4% viscosity of 20.0–26.0 mPa·s can be pumped with conventional diaphragm or progressive-cavity pumps, but the suction line must be sized for the shear-thinning behaviour at start-up. The dried film raises surface strength and IGT pick velocity when combined with starch or styrene-acrylate surface sizes; the improvement is influenced by starch type, size solids, and base paper porosity, and published data for a specific mill configuration is limited. The operational risk is size-bath skimming and foam: at 60 °C the surface tension of a 4% solution is not low enough to prevent air entrainment in high-speed metering, so a defoamer may be required, but silicone defoamers can cause fisheyes if overdosed. The grade also acts as a film-forming binder in water-based paper coatings and can be blended with clay or calcium carbonate slurries, provided that the slurry pH is below 8.5 to avoid viscosity drift from polymer–mineral interactions.
Dry powder handling is governed by dust-explosion parameters rather than solution rheology. The powder should be treated as a combustible organic dust. The explosion lower limit for polyvinyl alcohol dust is typically in the range of 40–60 g/m³; published data for this specific Shuangxin grade is limited. Dust extraction and grounding of bag discharge stations are required, and explosion venting is designed according to NFPA 68 or local regulations. The product is not classified as hazardous under REACH for the polymer itself, but residual methanol and sodium acetate may be present at trace levels; the safety data sheet for the specific batch should be consulted.
When 17-88 replaces 20-88 in a slasher sizing formula for polyester-cotton warp yarn, the lower solution viscosity of 17-88 alters size-box pickup and film splitting. 20-88 has a 4% solution viscosity typically above 40 mPa·s, while 17-88 is specified at 20.0–26.0 mPa·s; in a size box maintained at 80–90 °C and 8–12 % solids, the lower viscosity permits deeper penetration into yarn interstices and reduces size add-on at constant quetsch roll pressure. Mills compensate by increasing size concentration or reducing nip pressure to maintain target size add-on, but increasing concentration also raises the size-film brittleness if starch is not adjusted. The 17-88 film is more extensible and less resistant to abrasion than a high-DP grade, which is acceptable for fine-count cotton and blended yarns but not for high-tension filament warps. The desizing advantage is measurable: 17-88 is removed more rapidly in hot wash at 70–80 °C because residual acetate groups improve re-dissolution. A typical production slasher with a 12-cylinder drying section and cylinder surface temperatures of 110–130 °C can dry the size film without excessive surface skinning if the first drying zone is kept below 100 °C to avoid film blistering. The main operational boundary is viscosity stability: 17-88 size mixes should not be held at 85 °C for more than 6–8 h without viscosity checks, because microbiological activity and acetate hydrolysis can alter size pickup. For yarn abrasion resistance, users should test sized yarn on a Zweigle abrasion tester or equivalent and compare failure cycles, but published comparative data for Shuangxin 17-88 against 20-88 under a single mill condition is limited.
