| HS Code | 437620 |
| Product Type | Co-extruded PVB (polyvinyl butyral) interlayer film |
| Color Configuration | Black layer on one face, white layer on the opposite face |
| Nominal Thickness | 0.76 mm |
| Standard Width | Available in widths up to 3000 mm |
| Standard Roll Length | Approximately 100 m for 0.76 mm thickness |
| Density | 1.07 g/cm³ |
| Weight Per Unit Area | Approximately 0.81 kg/m² for 0.76 mm thickness |
| Light Transmission | Less than 1% |
| Uv Transmission | Less than 1% |
| Tensile Strength | At least 20 MPa |
| Elongation At Break | At least 200% |
| Adhesion To Glass | High adhesion, meeting typical PVB laminated-glass performance requirements |
| Service Temperature Range | -20°C to +70°C |
| Storage Temperature | 5°C to 25°C |
| Shelf Life | 12 months when stored under recommended conditions |
As an accredited Trosifol Black & White factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Trosifol Black & White PVB interlayer film arrives in sealed, desiccated rolls to prevent moisture absorption. Quantity: one roll. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | Trosifol Black & White is packed securely in a 20-foot full container load, protected from moisture and damage during transit. |
| Shipping | Trosifol Black & White is a PVB interlayer film, not a hazardous chemical. Ship in original sealed packaging to prevent moisture absorption. Keep flat, protected from punctures, and store away from heat or direct sunlight. Use dry, covered transport; avoid excessive pressure or bending during loading and unloading. |
| Storage | Store Trosifol Black & White in its original sealed packaging in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area. Avoid direct sunlight, heat sources, and high humidity. Maintain temperatures between 5°C and 30°C. Keep rolls flat or upright as recommended, protect from damage, and use within the stated shelf life. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life: 12 months from date of manufacture when stored unopened, cool, dry, and protected from sunlight. |
On unitized curtain wall lines, Trosifol Black & White is processed as a 1.52 mm pigmented PVB interlayer between heat-strengthened or fully tempered glass lites to replace ceramic frit spandrel panels and back-painted float. The material is not dosed as a liquid colorant, powder dispersion, or masterbatch; the colored PVB sheet is cut with a 10–15 mm overhang after automatic edge deletion and glass washing. For a standard 6 mm / 1.52 mm / 6 mm stack, the interlayer contributes 1.63 kg/m² at a PVB density of 1.07 g/cm³, equivalent to 9.8% by mass of the laminated composite. The applicable qualification route is EN 14449:2005 for factory production control, EN ISO 12543-2:2021 for laminated safety glass, and EN 12600:2002 impact class 1B1 for vertical facade elements. Wind-load verification uses EN 1991-1-4:2005 and ASTM E1300-23, with glass type factors for heat-strengthened or fully tempered substrates. Production on a 3.2 m wide flat-bed laminating line requires clean-room lay-up at 20–25°C and 25–35% RH; film conditioning for 24 h is needed if storage relative humidity has exceeded 60% RH. Occasional edge bubbles on flat-bed lines are traced to interlayer moisture above 0.5% from open film rolls left outside conditioned storage; re-conditioning at 20–25°C and 25–35% RH for 24–48 h usually restores processability. De-airing through nip rollers is run at 100–150°C surface temperature, followed by autoclave curing at 12–14 bar and 135–140°C for 30–60 min. For black film in exterior spandrel zones, the glass substrate should be heat-treated because solar absorption is higher than with clear PVB; thermal stress analysis should accompany project wind-load checks. Finished product types include unitized opaque spandrel panels, window spandrel units, rainscreen cladding panels, column covers, and facade accent glazing. Edge sealing with neutral-cure silicone is required immediately after trimming because exposed PVB edges are hygroscopic; acetic acid-cure silicone and solvent-based sealants are not compatible because acid migration and solvent ingress can produce edge whitening and adhesion loss. Long-term color retention in exterior service is verified under EN ISO 12543-4:2021 high-temperature, humidity, and radiation test conditions, but published data for extreme desert climate exposure beyond 5 years is limited.
| Process step | Typical parameter | Failure mode if outside window |
|---|---|---|
| Film conditioning | 20–25°C, 25–35% RH, 24 h | Edge bubbles from excess moisture |
| Edge deletion | 5–20 mm depending on stack thickness | Moisture ingress, edge haze |
| Vacuum-bag de-airing | 0.08 MPa residual pressure, 20–60 min | Center cloud, air pockets |
| Nip-roller de-airing | 100–150°C glass surface temperature | Premature edge seal, trapped air |
| Autoclave | 12–14 bar, 135–140°C, 30–90 min | Low adhesion or optical distortion |
| Cooling | 0.5°C/min to 40°C | Glass distortion, local delamination |
Full-height office partitions, conference-room dividers, and frameless door leaves fabricated with Trosifol Black & White are governed by safety-glazing impact class rather than structural wind load. A single 1.14 mm pigmented PVB interlayer between two 4 mm glass plies contributes 1.22 kg/m², about 5.8% of the total composite mass, and produces a 9.14 mm panel that can be used where EN 12600:2002 class 2B2 is accepted. Where fall-from-height risk or single-point door hardware requires class 1B1, the stack should be upgraded to a single 1.52 mm interlayer or to a multi-ply configuration; increasing glass thickness alone does not provide the same post-fracture retention because the interlayer thickness and adhesion are the controlling variables. The North American path uses ANSI Z97.1-2015 (R2021) and CPSC 16 CFR Part 1201 Category II depending on door leaf area and pedestrian traffic. Lamination is performed on short-run vacuum-bag lines with clean-room assembly; vacuum de-airing is held at a residual pressure of 0.08 MPa for 20–30 min before autoclave curing within the validated range. Edge deletion for interior panels is normally 5–8 mm; smaller tolerances increase the risk of visible mineral residue and edge dust in white interlayers. Finished products include monobloc glass doors, frameless room dividers, corridor glazing, transom panels, and partition-wall inserts. White interlayers in high-humidity service areas require sealed edges; any exposed PVB edge will absorb moisture and may show localized de-lamination after repeated thermal cycling.
In exterior balcony guards and stair-rail glazing, Trosifol Black & White is used in multi-ply configurations because the design criterion is post-breakage retention under horizontal line loads rather than simple elastic strength. A guard infill panel using 6 mm heat-soaked tempered glass, two 1.52 mm black or white interlayers, and 6 mm heat-soaked tempered glass contains 3.25 kg/m² of PVB, which is 9.8% of the composite mass and provides a 3.04 mm interlayer core. The relevant standards are EN 12600:2002 class 1B1, ASTM E2353-16 for railing glazing performance, EN 1991-1-1:2002 imposed horizontal load clauses, and EN 14179-1:2016 for heat-soak testing of tempered glass to reduce spontaneous fracture from nickel sulfide inclusions. Production on a balustrade laminating line requires the glass to be edge-polished before lay-up; drilled holes, notches, and clamp zones must be cut before lamination because post-lamination cutting or hole drilling mechanically damages the edge bond and creates moisture paths. De-airing multi-ply stacks uses a staged vacuum-bag cycle with residual pressure below 0.08 MPa and autoclave heating at 135–140°C for 60 min. Finished products include frameless balcony guards, glass Juliet balconies, stair railings, pool fencing panels, and windbreak screens. Operational boundaries include the incompatibility of acetate-cure silicone sealants and solvent-borne glazing tapes; only neutral-cure structural silicone should contact cut edges. If black interlayers are used for west-facing guard panels, heat-treated glass is mandatory; published data for cyclic thermal stress in humid coastal environments is limited, so project-specific durability testing under EN ISO 12543-4:2021 is advised.
The design of interior glass floors and stair treads using Trosifol Black & White is controlled by imposed live loads, deflection limits, and post-breakage residual capacity rather than by film tensile properties. A walkable floor segment with three 1.52 mm interlayers between two 6 mm glass plies contains 4.88 kg/m² of PVB, representing 14.0% of the laminate mass, and is used when the top glass surface is furnished with an anti-slip frit, etched texture, or bonded traction layer. The structural verification follows EN 1991-1-1:2002 imposed load categories for domestic and assembly areas, while laminated safety glass conformance is assessed under EN ISO 12543-2:2021 and EN 12600:2002; in North America, ASTM C1172-19 and ASTM E1300-23 provide laminate specification and load-resistance calculation. Production of thick multi-ply stacks on an autoclave line requires cold de-airing at residual pressure 0.08 MPa for 45–60 min, followed by autoclave hold at 135–140°C and 12–14 bar for 60–90 min. The cooling ramp should not exceed 0.5°C/min down to 40°C before unload; faster cooling creates optical distortion and can induce local thickness variation at the interlayer-glass interface. Finished product types include structural glass treads, landings, walk-on skylights, interior bridge panels, and viewable floor segments in galleries. Edge sealants must be neutral-cure; polyurethane sealants containing ketone or ester solvents are incompatible with PVB edges. The operational boundary is that the interlayer is not a walking surface; slip resistance must be provided by top-glass treatment and specified separately under the relevant floor-safety method such as DIN 51130:2014. Published data for sustained point loads on black interlayer floor laminates is limited, so project-specific load-testing is recommended when concentrated loads exceed 2 kN.
| Scenario | Governing standard | Test method or clause context | Critical performance requirement |
|---|---|---|---|
| Facade spandrel | EN 14449:2005 | Factory production control | Consistent lamination for wind load path |
| Interior partition | EN 12600:2002 | Impact classification | Class 2B2 minimum, 1B1 for doors |
| Balustrade | ASTM E2353-16 | Railing glazing performance | Post-breakage retention under line load |
| Floor and stair | EN 1991-1-1:2002 | Imposed load categories | Deflection and residual capacity |
| Wet area | EN 14428:2015+A1:2018 | Shower enclosure safety | Edge seal durability in continuous water contact |
| Display case | ANSI Z97.1-2015 (R2021) | Safety glazing for public access | Impact classification for panel area |
In wet-area partitions and shower enclosures, the edge seal operates as the primary durability boundary, and Trosifol Black & White is fabricated with a single 1.52 mm pigmented interlayer between 5 mm thermally toughened glass plies, yielding 1.63 kg/m² PVB mass and 6.1% composite mass fraction. The glazing is specified under EN 14428:2015+A1:2018 for shower enclosures, with the glass substrate thermally toughened to EN 12150-1:2015, and impact safety verified by EN 12600:2002 class 1B1 when full-height panels are used. Production requires waterjet or CNC cutting of the glass before lamination, edge polishing to remove microcracks, clean-room lay-up at 20–25°C, vacuum-bag de-airing at 0.08 MPa residual pressure, and autoclave curing within the validated range. After autoclave, cut edges are sealed with neutral-cure silicone; acetic acid-cure silicone is not compatible because acid migration induces edge whitening and adhesion loss at the PVB edge. For shower screens with continuous water contact, the sealant bead must cover the edge-deletion zone fully; any exposed PVB edge will absorb moisture and may show local de-lamination after repeated thermal cycling. Finished products include frameless shower enclosures, wet-room partitions, vanity splashbacks, and washroom cubicle doors. A specific limitation is that black PVB in steam environments may show slight edge haze if water with high chloride content is allowed to stand on an unsealed edge; published quantitative data for this effect is limited.
Display vitrines, cabinet doors, and glass shelving fabricated with Trosifol Black & White are typically laminated in short runs where vacuum-bag presses and small autoclaves are shared across different glass thicknesses. A single 0.76 mm interlayer between two 3 mm glass plies adds 0.813 kg/m² of PVB, about 5.1% of the composite mass, and produces a 6.76 mm shelf or door panel suitable for low-traffic display applications. Impact classification is determined by glass thickness and interlayer stack; EN 12600:2002 testing is required to confirm the classification for the specific panel size, while ANSI Z97.1-2015 (R2021) applies to display cases accessible to public traffic. Production includes clean-room lamination at 20–25°C and 25–35% RH, vacuum-bag de-airing at 0.08 MPa residual pressure for 20 min, and autoclave curing at 12–14 bar and 135–140°C for 30 min. Finished product types include retail display vitrines, museum case glazing, cabinet doors, table tops, and shelving. Edge protection is provided by neutral-cure silicone or mechanical edge capture. These panels are not intended for structural balustrade or floor loading; corner impacts can exceed the retention capacity of a 0.76 mm interlayer. If black PVB is used under high-intensity display lighting, heat-treated glass should be considered because local thermal expansion differences may produce optical distortion.
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Trosifol Black & White is a pigmented polyvinyl butyral (PVB) interlayer formulated for laminated glass assemblies in which the interlayer itself must act as an opaque black or white optical layer. The product is available as a black grade and a white grade. The black grade is specified for low-transmission opacified glass, where framing, insulation, or fasteners behind the glass must be hidden from exterior view. The white grade is specified for high-hiding-power diffuse white glass, where a reflective or backlit surface is required. The interlayer is supplied in standard PVB sheet thickness increments of 0.38 mm, 0.76 mm, and 1.52 mm. Multiple plies can be stacked to achieve the final interlayer build-up, edge step, and sound-control performance. The product is not distinguished by a single model code; the commercial designation includes colour, nominal thickness, roll width, and layer count. Final luminous transmittance, reflectance, and colour coordinates of the laminated glass depend on the glass substrate, heat treatment, low-e coating position, and interlayer stack. Published data for the exact CIE colour coordinates of all possible glass make-ups is limited; project-specific optical validation on a production-scale laminate is required.
Product ordering for Trosifol Black & White requires specifying the nominal thickness per ply, the number of plies, roll width, and slit-edge condition. The base resin conforms to the laminated safety glass requirements of EN ISO 12543-2. The material is processed like standard plasticized PVB; however, the concentrated pigment package produces a more visually critical background than clear PVB because particulate inclusions, edge debris, and lamination voids are more apparent against black or white. Roll width and length should be obtained from the mill certificate, not from generic product literature, because slitting programs differ by converting centre. The interlayer is hygroscopic and is conditioned at 18–25 °C and 20–35% RH to hold a moisture content below 0.5 wt% before lay-up. Storage outside the recommended range may produce edge haze and adhesion variation after autoclave.
Three technical mechanisms separate Trosifol Black & White from ceramic frit, back-painted glass, and conventional tinted PVB. Ceramic frit is fused to the glass surface during heat treatment at approximately 600–650 °C and remains a surface layer exposed to weathering, cleaning chemicals, and mechanical abrasion after installation. Back-painted glass places the colourant on the inboard or outboard surface of a ply, with durability governed by the coating chemistry and application thickness. Tinted PVB or tinted glass modifies the spectral transmittance without necessarily providing the hiding power required to mask structural elements. Trosifol Black & White places the colourant inside the laminate as a pigmented PVB layer, so the pigmented layer is shielded from direct surface contact. This difference is significant in spandrel zones because the interlayer is not subject to coating delamination or frit cracking, and the outer glass surface remains a continuous glass-to-glass weathering barrier. The product is nevertheless not a direct substitute for ceramic frit in all applications: frit can provide a fired oxide bond and can be used as a partial-coverage pattern, whereas the interlayer provides a full-field coloured layer. In addition, the PVB plasticizer and the refractive indices of the glass plies affect the final perceived colour. A specified CIELAB L*, a*, b* coordinate should therefore be verified on the finished laminate, using a spectrophotometer with specular inclusion or exclusion as appropriate, rather than on the interlayer alone.
In a curtain-wall spandrel or vision-to-spandrel transition, the laminate is commonly assembled with an outward glass ply, one or more black-white interlayer plies, and an inner glass ply. The interlayer masks the insulation, mullion, or shadow box behind the panel. The black grade is specified for opacification of an exterior glass panel where a dark rear plane is desired. The white grade is specified where a uniform diffuse white backplane is required, such as a backlit panel or a high-reflectance interior wall cladding element. A typical opacified make-up may use 0.76 mm of Trosifol Black & White as the opaque core, with additional clear PVB or acoustic PVB layers if the project requires a higher interlayer thickness for safety or acoustic performance. The exact lay-up is governed by the glazing system’s impact classification under EN 12600 and the interlayer stack’s edge-step tolerance. When the panel is used in an insulating glass unit, the laminate may require edge deletion of any low-e coating; the interlayer itself does not remove the edge-deletion requirement. The black-white interlayer also does not replace thermal insulation or condensation control in the spandrel cavity. The visual transition between a vision glass and a spandrel panel can be controlled by selecting glass substrate chemistry, glass thickness, and interlayer stack; however, colour match under non-uniform daylight is a system-level result, not a property of the interlayer alone.
Processing on an industrial flatbed laminating line begins with conditioning the interlayer at 18–25 °C and 20–35% RH until the moisture content is below 0.5 wt%. The glass is washed with demineralized water, rinsed, and air-knife dried before lay-up. The lay-up is assembled in a controlled environment; for black and white grades, particulate control is critical because dust and glass fines are highly visible in the finished laminate. Vacuum-bag de-airing is conducted with cold de-airing at ambient temperature followed by hot de-airing at a surface temperature appropriate for the glass thickness and interlayer stack. Autoclave curing follows the laminator’s standard PVB cycle, with maximum glass surface temperature generally controlled in the range of 135–140 °C and pressure of approximately 1.2–1.4 MPa. These parameters are equipment-specific and must be qualified on the production line. Edge squeeze-out after autoclave is removed by trimming; the pigmented edge can remain visible on exposed cut edges, so edge finish and edge-seal planning are required. The finished laminate is inspected for optical defects according to the manufacturer’s criteria and, where applicable, EN ISO 12543-6. Because the black or white background magnifies optical defects, some fabricators apply a tighter inspection distance or a lower defect-size threshold for these products than for clear PVB.
Adhesion control for black-white PVB follows the same glass-surface and moisture-management discipline used for clear PVB. Glass surface cleanliness, silane treatment where specified, and controlled PVB moisture content determine the post-laminate adhesion level. High humidity at exposed laminate edges can increase moisture uptake and produce local edge haze, particularly in white and black interlayers where the change is more visible. The interlayer should therefore not be stored or processed at relative humidity above 60% without sealed packaging and appropriate conditioning. Chemical compatibility with edge sealants must be verified; contact with aggressive solvents, amine-based compounds, or plasticizer-migrating sealants can alter edge adhesion or cause local visual degradation. The product is not an ionoplast interlayer: it does not provide the same post-breakage residual stiffness, high-temperature creep resistance, or glass retention after fracture as an ionopolymer interlayer. An engineer should not specify Trosifol Black & White as the sole load-bearing interlayer in a structural glass fin or beam without confirming the structural calculation against the lower shear modulus of plasticized PVB. The black-white product is a finished interlayer, not a surface coating, but its pigmented nature does not remove the need for edge sealing, proper setting-block placement, or drainage in wet glazing systems.
Thermal and mechanical behaviour of the black-white interlayer is that of PVB, not high-modulus ionomer. The shear modulus is time- and temperature-dependent. At room temperature and short-duration loading, PVB interlayers are relatively stiff; under long-duration or elevated-temperature loading, the modulus decreases and the laminate behaves more like uncoupled glass plies. This load-duration dependency means that for a spandrel panel subject to sustained wind pressure or dead load, the effective shear transfer of the black-white interlayer should be characterised with the appropriate long-duration shear modulus. Published data for the exact modulus of the pigmented grade is limited; characterisation on the project-specific stack is recommended. Optical measurement of the black-white laminate is performed with a spectrophotometer using D65 illuminant and the 10° observer. The black grade can exhibit low reflectance if the outer glass is not coated; first-surface reflections from the glass may dominate the measured colour. The white grade may exhibit a high diffuse reflectance component, but total appearance is influenced by outer glass reflection. EN 410 provides luminous transmittance and reflectance on the complete make-up, whereas CIELAB values are best used for colour-difference tolerancing during incoming interlayer colour checks.
Applications for Trosifol Black & White include curtain-wall spandrels, interior partitions, elevator cab panels, door rails, balustrade infills, and signage glass where an opacified or diffuse white layer must be integrated into the laminate. Black-grade panels may be used where a dark monolithic appearance is required without post-applied paint. White-grade panels may be used where a backlit or high-reflectance surface is required. With low-iron glass, the white grade yields a brighter diffuse appearance than with standard float glass; with standard float glass, the greenish tint of the substrate shifts the final perceived colour. This substrate-to-interlayer colour interaction is not a product defect but a colourimetric consequence of the glass chemistry. When edge visibility is acceptable, black-white laminated glass can be installed with polished exposed edges; where edge colour is unacceptable, a coloured edge seal, frit perimeter, or profile cover is used. Fabricators should qualify the full stack with the exact glass type, heat treatment, and interlayer layer count required by the project before releasing production. Published data for all combinations of low-e coatings, glass tint, and black-white stack thickness is limited, so qualification laminates are the governing evidence of optical and adhesion performance.
| Evaluation area | Standard or test method | Application note |
|---|---|---|
| Laminated safety glass classification | EN ISO 12543-2 | Defines safety-glazing status of laminated glass make-ups |
| Pendulum impact | EN 12600 | Determines break-safe classification of the finished laminate |
| Durability testing | EN ISO 12543-4 | High-temperature, humidity, and radiation exposure of laminated glass |
| Luminous and solar characteristics | EN 410 | Measurement of luminous transmittance, reflectance, and solar factor |
| Dimensional and edge finish | EN ISO 12543-5 | Dimensional tolerances and edge-work requirements |
| Appearance | EN ISO 12543-6 | Optical defect evaluation in the laminated glass |
| North American safety glazing | ANSI Z97.1 | Safety glazing material requirement for building applications |
Comparative processing and application factors are summarised in the following table. The entries are intended as selection guidance, not as substitute values for structural or optical qualification.
| Factor | Trosifol Black & White PVB | Clear PVB | Ionoplast interlayer | Ceramic frit / back-painted glass |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Location of colour | Inside laminate | None | None unless pigmented | Surface of glass or behind glass |
| Hiding power | Full-field black or white opacity | Minimal | Dependent on grade | Dependent on frit coverage or coating thickness |
| Durability exposure of colour | Encapsulated between glass plies | Not applicable | Encapsulated if pigmented | Surface layer exposed or bonded behind glass |
| Post-breakage interlayer response | Plasticized PVB; lower residual stiffness | Plasticized PVB | Higher residual stiffness and creep resistance | Glass-dependent; surface layer may crack or delaminate |
| Process sensitivity | Moisture, edge haze, optical defect visibility | Moisture, edge haze | Higher-pressure autoclave and surface preparation | Fusing or coating process before or after lamination |
For a black-white PVB interlayer, the governing process limitation is not melt-processing temperature but the moisture and edge condition at the lamination step. A rolled interlayer stored with an open wrap and exposed to 60% ambient relative humidity can absorb sufficient moisture to produce local edge haze and reduced adhesion, even if the central laminate remains clear of bubbles. Conditioning before lay-up must therefore be validated by measuring the moisture content of the interlayer or by following the supplier’s conditioning time and environment. Laminates with exposed black or white edges may require additional edge finishing when the cut edge is directly visible. Sealant compatibility testing is required before installation in a glazing pocket, because some sealants can interact with PVB plasticizer at the cut edge. For structural or bomb-blast applications, the lower modulus of a plasticized PVB interlayer must be recognised; an ionoplast interlayer may be required where post-breakage stiffness and residual load capacity govern the design. In a point-supported balustrade or glass fin, the edge bearing stress is concentrated at the glass holes or edge clamps; the interlayer does not participate significantly in bearing load. The product’s role in such an assembly is visual, not load-transferring, and the structural analysis treats the glass plies as the load path.
