| HS Code | 225825 |
| Trade Name | Kuraray Mowital G 36 |
| Chemical Family | Polyvinyl butyral (PVB) |
| Cas Number | 63148-65-2 |
| Appearance | White free-flowing granules |
| Viscosity | 36 mPa·s (10% solution in ethanol at 20°C) |
| Degree Of Butyralization | 70 - 80 wt% |
| Hydroxyl Content | 18 - 21 wt% |
| Residual Acetic Ester Content | ≤ 3 wt% |
| Density | 1.1 g/cm³ at 20°C |
| Glass Transition Temperature | 72°C |
| Tensile Strength | 25 MPa |
| Elongation At Break | 150% |
| Refractive Index | 1.49 |
| Water Absorption | ≤ 0.5% |
As an accredited Kuraray Mowital G 36 factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Kuraray Mowital G 36 polyvinyl butyral supplied as free-flowing powder in 25 kg multi-layer paper bags with protective liner. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20′ FCL shipment of Kuraray Mowital G 36, a PVB resin, packed on pallets in sealed bags, secured and containerized for safe transport. |
| Shipping | Kuraray Mowital G 36 ships as a non-hazardous thermoplastic resin in sealed, moisture-proof bags or drums. Store in a cool, dry place away from heat and ignition sources. Protect from humidity and physical damage during transport. No special transport classification required under standard shipping regulations. |
| Storage | Store Kuraray Mowital G 36 in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from heat, sparks, and direct sunlight. Keep the original container tightly sealed to prevent moisture absorption and contamination. Avoid generating dust. Use within the manufacturer’s specified shelf life. Follow all label instructions and local regulations for safe handling. |
| Shelf Life | Store in a cool, dry place. Shelf life of Kuraray Mowital G 36 is typically two years from production date. |
In solvent-borne gravure and flexographic lamination inks, Mowital G 36 is dissolved in an ethanol/ethyl acetate blend at 55–65°C under high-shear dispersion until a clear, gel-free solution forms; the millbase is then ground in a horizontal bead mill charged with 0.4–0.6 mm yttria-stabilized zirconia media at a peripheral speed of 10–14 m/s. The resin is added at 3.0–8.0 wt% of total wet ink, and in the binder solids portion it can constitute 8–15 wt% relative to nitrocellulose or polyurethane co-binders; the residual hydroxyl functionality of Mowital G 36 supplies hydrogen-bonding adhesion to corona-treated polyester, polyamide, and aluminum foil. For indirect food contact, the printed laminate must satisfy FDA 21 CFR 175.105 and FDA 21 CFR 175.300, as well as EU Regulation (EU) No 10/2011 with overall migration below 10 mg/dm² under Annex III food simulant testing; the EuPIA Suitability List is used for raw material compliance documentation. On a gravure press operating at 150–250 m/min, the ink is applied at 2.5–4.5 g/m² dry bond weight, and production viscosity is held between 15 and 22 s DIN 4 mm at 23°C to avoid solvent retention above 2.0 mg/m² in the printed film. Terminal finished articles include retort-stable pouches, metallized snack packaging, lidding films for dairy cups, and pharmaceutical strip packaging. Process limit: the resin solution should not be diluted with aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents beyond 10 wt% of the letdown, and ketone addition must be restricted to prevent binder precipitation and uneven gravure cell transfer.
Because the hydroxyl groups on Mowital G 36 remain reactive in low-pH alcohol solutions, the resin functions as the film-forming component in two-component wash primers for steel, hot-dip galvanized steel, and aluminum. The base component is formulated with 6.0–9.0 wt% Mowital G 36, 60–70 wt% isopropanol/butanol blend, 5–8 wt% zinc phosphate, 0.5–2.0 wt% talc, and a rheology additive; the acid component contains 2.0–4.0 wt% phosphoric acid in an alcohol/water carrier. The two components are mixed 4:1 by weight immediately before spray application, giving a pot life of 4–8 h at 23°C; beyond this window, viscosity drift exceeds 20% and the film loses adhesion because phosphoric acid promotes hydrolysis of the acetal groups and forms phosphate esters at the hydroxyl residues. The substrate is prepared to Sa 2½ per ISO 8501-1:2007 before application, and the mix is applied by HVLP at an air cap pressure of 0.10–0.15 MPa to a dry film thickness of 2–5 µm; topcoating is performed between 30 min and 24 h after application to avoid acid salt crystallization and intercoat adhesion loss. Compliance is verified under ISO 12944-5:2019 for protective paint systems on steel structures and ASTM D3359-17 cross-cut adhesion, with a minimum rating of 4B for overcoated systems. Terminal finished products include structural steel members in C3/C4 corrosivity environments, aircraft skin pretreatment before epoxy priming, rail car interior panels, and aluminum architectural profiles. Operational boundary: the primer alone is not intended for continuous immersion service; when exposed to condensation before topcoating, the dry film must be reactivated with a light abrasive sweep or additional acid component before overcoating.
For barium titanate and LTCC glass-ceramic suspensions, tape casting with Mowital G 36 provides green-tape flexibility and controlled oxidative debinding in the manufacture of dielectric layers. The slurry is formulated with 3.0–6.0 wt% Mowital G 36 based on ceramic powder, 0.5–2.0 wt% plasticizer based on ceramic powder, 0.5–1.0 wt% phosphate ester dispersant, and a solvent blend of methyl ethyl ketone and ethanol at 55–70 wt% of total slurry weight. Two-stage ball milling is performed for 16–24 h using 5–10 mm zirconia media at 60–80 rpm; after vacuum de-airing at 20–50 kPa absolute, the slurry is cast with a doctor blade gap of 50–200 µm and dried in a two-zone dryer at 25–35°C and 60–80°C until residual solvent is below 1.0 wt%. The debinding profile uses a ramp of 0.3–0.5°C/min to 450°C with a 2–4 h hold in air, followed by sintering of barium titanate at 1200–1300°C; incomplete binder removal raises residual carbon content and shifts the dielectric loss tangent of the fired layers. Compliance for capacitor-grade materials is maintained under IATF 16949:2016 for automotive supply chains and IEC 60384-1:2021 for fixed capacitors, with lot-specific green density and binder burnout records. Terminal finished products include 0201 to 1210 MLCCs, LTCC substrates for RF modules, and ceramic substrates for power electronics. Process boundary: when ambient relative humidity exceeds 60%, Mowital G 36 must be pre-dried to prevent surface defects and viscosity drift in the solvent-based slurry; the resin should not be combined with waterborne ceramic slurries because dispersion instability and flocculation occur below the resin’s solubility limit.
On a twin-screw extruder with L/D 30–44, plasticized interlayer film based on Mowital G 36 is compounded at a melt temperature of 190–230°C and cast onto a chill roll held at 10–20°C; the compound contains 68–75 wt% Mowital G 36, 22–28 wt% triethylene glycol bis(2-ethylhexanoate) plasticizer, 0.1–0.5 wt% UV absorber, and 0.01–0.05 wt% adhesion control salts. Film thickness is controlled between 0.38 mm and 1.52 mm, with thickness tolerance of ±0.025 mm for automotive grades; after extrusion the film is conditioned to an equilibrium moisture content of 0.4–0.6% before glass lamination. Laminated safety glass is produced by assembling glass/interlayer/glass, de-airing with nip rollers at ambient temperature, and autoclaving at 12–14 bar and 130–140°C for 60–90 min; adhesion is evaluated by pummel test and must fall within the specified internal range because excessive plasticizer migration or moisture outside the 0.4–0.6% window causes edge blushing, bubble formation, and reduced glass adhesion. Compliance is validated under ECE R43 for automotive safety glazing, ISO 12543-2:2021 for laminated glass, ANSI Z26.1, and CPSC 16 CFR 1201 for architectural safety glass. Terminal finished products include automotive windshields, architectural laminated glass for hurricane-resistant facades, sound-insulating laminated glazing, and anti-intrusion glazing to EN 356. Operational boundary: the compounded film must not be processed above 250°C because thermal degradation generates volatile aldehydes and reduces interlayer clarity; film stored at warehouse humidity above 60% RH requires sealed packaging and pre-conditioning to prevent moisture uptake.
At lamination temperatures of 140–160°C, heat-activated adhesive films formulated with Mowital G 36 are used for glass-to-glass, glass-to-metal, and photovoltaic cell encapsulation. The compound contains 70–80 wt% Mowital G 36, 18–25 wt% plasticizer, 0.5–2.0 wt% organosilane adhesion promoter, and 0.1–0.3 wt% UV stabilizer; film thickness is cast at 0.38–0.76 mm. The lamination cycle is performed in a vacuum bag at 0.8–1.2 bar and 140–160°C for 20–40 min, with the vacuum pulled to at least 30 kPa absolute before heating; residual moisture in the film must be kept between 0.3 and 0.5% to achieve reproducible adhesion without blistering. Compliance for photovoltaic applications is verified under IEC 61215-1:2021 for module qualification, while laminated glass assemblies for ballistic or security glazing follow ISO 12543-2:2021 and EN 356. Terminal finished products include glass-backsheet and glass-glass photovoltaic modules, ballistic glass, heated glass panels, and laminated display glass. Operational boundary: aminopropylsilane coupling agents above 2.0 wt% cause yellowing at lamination temperature, and the film is not recommended for continuous immersion without a sealed edge when used in exterior glazing.
During dry-mix and wet-mix press moulding of phenolic friction materials, Mowital G 36 is introduced at 2.0–8.0 wt% of phenolic novolac resin solids to increase green compact cohesion and reduce crack formation during press cure. The compound is mixed in a kneader with aramid fiber, steel fiber, mineral fillers, and hexamethylenetetramine; the stock is hot-pressed at 150–180°C and 15–30 MPa for 5–10 min, then post-cured at 160–180°C for 4–8 h to complete phenolic crosslinking. Compliance is tested under SAE J661 for friction coefficient and wear, ECE R90 for replacement brake lining assemblies, and ISO 26867:2019 for friction behavior assessment. Terminal finished products include disc brake pads, clutch facings, industrial brake linings, and friction sheets for agricultural machinery. Process boundary: addition above 8.0 wt% of phenolic resin solids increases compressibility and contributes to friction fade above 350°C because the PVB phase softens and decomposes; the post-cure temperature must not exceed 250°C for prolonged periods to avoid volatile aldehydes and porosity in the moulded part.
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Kuraray Mowital G 36 is a polyvinyl butyral resin manufactured by acid-catalyzed acetalization of polyvinyl alcohol with n-butyraldehyde. The product is supplied as a free-flowing, low-dust granular powder and is specified for solvent-borne applications in which a controlled increase in solution viscosity and film toughness relative to low-molecular-weight PVB grades is required. The grade is specified with a nominal solution viscosity of 36 mPa·s measured as a 10 wt% solution in ethanol at 20 °C by DIN 53015; this value should be confirmed against the current Kuraray batch certificate because solvent purity, water content, and solution age influence rotational viscosity. PVB resins of this type contain residual hydroxyl and acetate functions that determine adhesion to glass, aluminium oxide, ceramic powders, and metal pigments, as well as compatibility with plasticizers, phenolic resins, epoxy resins, and isocyanate crosslinkers.
The primary differentiation is molecular weight and solution rheology. B-series grades such as B 30 H and B 45 H dissolve rapidly in cold ethanol, ethyl acetate, methyl ethyl ketone, or binary solvent blends and are commonly specified for low-viscosity printing inks and wash primers. Mowital G 36 shifts the molecular weight distribution upward, which raises low-shear viscosity and permits higher wet-film thickness at equivalent percent solids. In a production dissolver equipped with a Cowles blade running at tip speed 18–25 m/s, the powder is introduced slowly into the vortex to prevent the formation of gelatinous lumps. The solution temperature should be kept below 40 °C during high-shear mixing; local overheating can induce light yellowing and reduce the dissolution rate of the last powder fraction.
Film mechanics change accordingly. Higher chain entanglement increases tensile modulus and toughness, but the film remains plasticizer-compatible. Adhesion to untreated glass and aluminium oxide is governed by the residual hydroxyl content expressed as polyvinyl alcohol; the current certificate of analysis should be checked for the exact hydroxyl and acetate values. In comparative laboratory work, a shift from a lower-viscosity B-series grade to Mowital G 36 often improves Gardner impact resistance and mandrel-bend flexibility after plasticization, while raising the minimum solvation time from approximately 30 min to 60–90 min in a simple propeller mixer. This trade-off is particularly relevant when converting an existing formulation: direct substitution at the same solids content can increase viscosity beyond the shear capability of the transfer pump and cause cavitation in the recirculation loop.
At 15 wt% solids in an ethanol/ethyl acetate 80:20 blend, Mowital G 36 solutions can develop structural viscosity. Rotary viscometer readings at 10 s⁻¹ and 100 s⁻¹ differ by more than a factor of 2; this shear-thinning response reduces line pressure in high-speed coating but must be accounted for when setting gravure ink viscosity cups. Flow-cup readings are not interchangeable with absolute viscosity: a DIN 4 mm cup at 23 °C may read 25–45 s depending on solvent balance and solution age, while the same liquid shows 36 mPa·s only in the defined 10% solution. Stock solutions above 25 wt% solids can gel at 10 °C; storage tanks should be heated to 20–25 °C or equipped with slow agitation. Diaphragm and gear pumps are preferred over centrifugal pumps because the solution can exhibit stringing and air entrapment at high rotational speed.
Solution preparation is strongly affected by solvent selection. Ethanol and isopropanol are active solvents for the residual hydroxyl groups; ester and ketone co-solvents reduce viscosity and improve flow, but ester fractions above 50 wt% of total solvent may produce reversible haze unless n-butanol or diacetone alcohol is added at 5–10 wt% of total solvent. The dilution curve is non-linear. Reducing solids from 20 wt% to 15 wt% in an ethanol/toluene 60:40 blend lowers Brookfield viscosity more than predicted by simple concentration-proportional relationships because intermolecular hydrogen bonding is disrupted. On a production floor, this means viscosity correction is made by adding solvent under continuous agitation, not by top-loading a solvent drum. Overnight recirculation can show viscosity drift of ±10% when ambient humidity introduces water into hygroscopic solvents; water is an anti-solvent for PVB and can produce haze, particularly in clear overprint varnishes.
Mowital G 36 retains solvent more strongly than low-molecular-weight PVB because chain entanglement increases the glass-transition temperature of the drying film and reduces solvent diffusivity. In gravure and flexographic coating at line speeds above 120 m/min, dryers are operated with staged zones. A typical configuration uses first-zone air at 45–60 °C and air velocity 5–10 m/s, followed by a lower-airflow zone to avoid surface skin-over. Retained-solvent levels above 2 wt% produce blocking in rewind and reduce the solvent-resistant performance of the printed layer. For spray-applied wash primers, film thickness is kept at 8–15 µm dry; flash-off time between primer and topcoat is held at 5–10 min to prevent solvent popping. Incorporation of an alcohol-soluble phenolic resin at 2–4 wt% on total binder increases crosslink density and corrosion resistance, but additions above 10 wt% on total binder produce embrittlement and can reduce peel adhesion on aluminium. Batch-to-batch shifts in residual acetate content can alter open time; incoming material is therefore checked by ISO 3251 for non-volatile content and by DIN 53015 for solution viscosity.
Corrosion-protection wash primers based on PVB-phosphoric acid-zinc chromate or zinc phosphate systems require close control of acid value and film thickness. In salt spray testing according to ISO 9227, primer layers below 8 µm fail by underfilm corrosion, while layers above 20 µm can retain acid and cause topcoat delamination. Mowital G 36 is used in two-pack variants where an epoxy or phenolic crosslinker is added immediately before application; pot life is typically 4–8 h at 23 °C, after which viscosity rises above the spray window. When replacing a lower-viscosity B-series grade, the same acid-to-binder ratio may produce a higher wet-film build at identical spray pressure; transfer efficiency and sag resistance should be measured on the intended substrate rather than extrapolated from simple viscosity data.
PVB powders are hygroscopic. Mowital G 36 should be stored in sealed containers below 30 °C and protected from direct moisture contact. If the warehouse relative humidity exceeds 60%, predrying at 55–65 °C for 2–4 h in a dehumidified-air dryer with dew point ≤ −20 °C is advisable before dissolving the resin. Moisture uptake above 0.5 wt% determined by ISO 15512 causes lumping, increases solution haze, and alters dissolution kinetics. In ceramic tape-casting slurries, free water interacts with a dispersant and can shift pH by 0.3–0.5 pH units; this shift may change ceramic particle dispersion and produce streaking, pinhole clusters, or edge cracks in the cast tape. Molecular-sieve-dried ethanol is preferred over prolonged thermal drying of the resin because excessive drying can agglomerate fine particles and reduce flowability in automatic dosing units.
In ceramic tape casting, Mowital G 36 is dissolved in an azeotropic ethanol/methyl ethyl ketone blend. A plasticizer-to-binder ratio of 0.5:1 to 0.7:1 by mass is common with dioctyl phthalate or benzyl butyl phthalate. The slurry is milled in a jar mill for 16–24 h with zirconia media, then deaired under vacuum of 50–100 mbar to remove bubbles that cause pinholes. Wet film thickness is controlled at 200–500 µm using a doctor blade. Green tape tensile strength and elongation are tested according to ISO 527-2 to ensure slitting and roll-handling integrity. Binder burnout is carried out at a heating rate of 2–3 °C/min to 500–600 °C in oxygen-rich air flow; residual carbon is usually specified below 0.03 wt% for oxide ceramics. Published data for the exact burnout profile of Mowital G 36 in a given ceramic formulation is limited; ISO 11358 thermal degradation analysis should be used to confirm the decomposition interval and residual ash.
Heat-seal and laminating coatings represent a second application cluster. Mowital G 36 is plasticized with 10–30 wt% of a compatible ester or phosphate plasticizer and applied at dry coat weights of 2–5 g/m² on aluminium foil or corona-treated polyester film. Sealing is typically performed at 120–160 °C, pressure 2–4 bar, and dwell 1–2 s; peel strength after sealing is measured according to ISO 11339. The higher molecular weight of the G-series resin lowers plasticizer migration relative to lower-viscosity PVB grades, which helps maintain seal strength after storage at 40 °C and 75% RH. For retortable packages, the resin must be combined with a crosslinker or approved for food-contact use; published data for this specific configuration is limited, and migration testing per Regulation (EU) No 10/2011 is required.
In pigment concentrates, Mowital G 36 functions as both dispersing resin and film-forming binder. Millbases are processed in a bead mill using 0.6–1.2 mm zirconia beads at pigment-to-binder ratios of 2:1 to 5:1 depending on pigment oil absorption. The resin solution is premixed at 15–20 wt% solids before pigment addition; high-shear premixing in a dissolver at 18–25 m/s tip speed is followed by one or two mill passes. Gloss and transparency are measured according to ISO 2813 and ISO 18314; viscosity stability of the millbase is evaluated over 24 h at 23 °C. If the millbase shows thixotropic recovery above 20% after 1 h, solvent composition is adjusted with diacetone alcohol or n-butanol rather than increasing resin concentration, because excess Mowital G 36 can increase high-shear viscosity and reduce mill throughput.
The following table consolidates the typical test positions for Mowital G 36. Values marked “typical PVB” should be verified against the current Kuraray batch certificate and the specific formulation because plasticizer, co-solvent, and processing history shift the measured response.
| Parameter | Method/code | Typical value/limit | Industrial relevance |
|---|---|---|---|
| Non-volatile content | ISO 3251, 105 °C, 3 h | ≥ 97.5 wt% | Binder solids and VOC calculation |
| Ash residue | ISO 3451-1, 600 °C | ≤ 0.05 wt% | Ceramic burnout residue |
| Density | ISO 1183-1 | 1.08–1.12 g/cm³ | Coating weight and slurry volume |
| Glass transition temperature | ISO 11357-2, DSC, 10 K/min | 65–72 °C | Blocking resistance and film formation |
| Acid value | ISO 2114 | ≤ 0.5 mg KOH/g | Compatibility with basic pigments |
| Solution viscosity, 10 wt% in ethanol | DIN 53015, 20 °C | 36 mPa·s nominal | Spray, print, and transfer viscosity |
| Moisture content | ISO 15512 | ≤ 0.5 wt% | Solution clarity and slurry pH stability |
| Tensile strength of film | ISO 527-2, specimen type 5 | 25–35 MPa typical PVB | Green tape handling and coating toughness |
| Elongation at break | ISO 527-2 | 200–300% typical PVB | Flexibility on metal and film substrates |
Operational boundaries apply. Mowital G 36 is not recommended for aqueous alkaline systems above pH 10 because slow acetal-ester cleavage reduces molecular weight and adhesive performance. Strong mineral acids at elevated temperature accelerate hydrolysis of the acetal rings; cold-mixed wash primers containing 2–5 wt% of 85% phosphoric acid are tolerated, but the mixture should not be hot-aged. Avoid high concentrations of polyfunctional isocyanate or melamine-formaldehyde crosslinkers without first measuring pot life, because residual hydroxyl groups can react and raise viscosity. The resin should not be exposed to open flame or strong oxidizers. Food-contact suitability must be verified against 21 CFR § 177.1670 or Regulation (EU) No 10/2011 as amended; not every supply form and batch of this product is automatically cleared for direct food contact. Regulatory status under REACH and RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU should also be confirmed for the specific supply form and intended application.
