| HS Code | 931257 |
| Product | High Viscosity PVB Resin HV-17/HV-20 |
| Appearance | White or light yellow powder |
| Molecular Weight | Approximately 100,000–250,000 |
| Butyral Content | 70–80% |
| Hydroxyl Content | 18–23% |
| Acetate Content | 1–3% |
| Moisture Content | ≤2.0% |
| Glass Transition Temperature | 60–80°C |
| Density | 1.07–1.10 g/cm³ |
| Softening Point | 130–150°C |
| Solubility | Soluble in ethanol, methanol, dioxane, ketones, and esters; insoluble in aliphatic hydrocarbons |
| Refractive Index | 1.488–1.492 |
As an accredited High Viscosity PVB Resin HV-17/HV-20 factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Supplied in 25 kg kraft paper bags with inner plastic lining, ensuring moisture protection and safe transport. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20′ FCL for High Viscosity PVB Resin HV-17/HV-20: load securely in ventilated containers, protect from moisture, use palletized drums or bags, ensure even weight distribution. |
| Shipping | High Viscosity PVB Resin HV-17/HV-20 is shipped in sealed, moisture-proof multi-layer bags or fiber drums, palletized for safe handling. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat, ignition sources, and direct sunlight. Protect from moisture and physical damage during transport. No hazardous goods classification, but use dust masks and gloves when handling. |
| Storage | Store High Viscosity PVB Resin HV-17/HV-20 in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight, heat sources, and open flames. Keep containers tightly sealed to prevent moisture absorption and contamination. Avoid storage near strong oxidizers. Maintain moderate temperatures and low humidity to preserve resin properties. Use within recommended shelf life, typically 12 months from manufacture date. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life is typically 12 months when stored in a cool, dry place, away from sunlight and moisture. |
In automotive laminated windshield interlayer extrusion, HV-17/HV-20 is selected where melt strength and interlayer load-bearing at service temperatures between −40°C and 85°C are critical. Industry compliance for the formed interlayer is typically evaluated under ECE R43, ANSI/SAE Z26.1, GB 9656-2021, and ISO 12543-2:2021. The formulation addition ratio for a standard automotive interlayer begins with 69.5–73.5 wt% HV-17/HV-20, combined with 25.0–28.5 wt% triethylene glycol bis(2-ethylhexanoate) plasticizer, 0.05–0.30 phr potassium formate or magnesium formate adhesion control agent, 0.10–0.40 wt% benzotriazole UV absorber, and 0.05–0.15 wt% hindered phenolic antioxidant. The downstream production process requires pre-drying the resin at 50–60°C to a moisture content below 0.15 wt%, because hydrolytic degradation in the extruder barrel generates bubble defects and adhesion drift. The dried resin is premixed in a Henschel mixer at 800–1200 rpm for 10–20 min, then fed into a co-rotating twin-screw extruder with an L/D ratio of 36:1 and vacuum devolatilization at approximately −0.08 MPa. A barrel temperature profile from 150°C at the feed throat to 210°C at the melt pump maintains melt viscosity sufficient for stable die feed. A screen changer with 30–50 µm filtration elements removes gel particles and unmelted resin. The melt is cast through a flat die with a lip gap of 0.8–1.6 mm, quenched on rolls at 15–35°C, and wound as interlayer film of 0.38–1.52 mm thickness. In the glass lamination step, the interlayer is assembled between two glass plies, de-aired through a nip roll or vacuum bag, and autoclaved at approximately 140°C and 1.2 MPa for 60–90 min. Terminal finished product types include windshields, laminated side glazing, panoramic roof panels, and head-up-display-compatible windshields requiring controlled wedge profile and low optical distortion. Operational boundaries are significant: at ambient relative humidity above 60%, the resin should not remain open to plant atmosphere for more than 4 h, and direct combination with amine-based anti-block additives is to be avoided because premature acetal exchange reactions can produce localized gel formation and melt filtration pressure spikes.
Architectural impact glazing using HV-17/HV-20 as the interlayer resin places different demands on adhesion retention and cyclic wind pressure resistance than automotive glazing. The relevant compliance framework includes ASTM E1996-14a for missile-impact performance, ASTM C1172-18 for laminated architectural flat glass, EN 14449 for conformity evaluation, and EN ISO 12543-2:2021 for laminated safety glass classification. A typical formulation addition ratio for hurricane-resistant interlayer is 70.0–73.0 wt% HV-17/HV-20 with 26.0–30.0 wt% plasticizer, the higher plasticizer portion being used for low-temperature flexibility under −50°C design conditions. The downstream manufacturing line for architectural impact glazing generally runs interlayer thicknesses of 1.52 mm, 2.29 mm, or 3.04 mm, either as single thick film or as multiple stacked layers. Glass plies are washed, assembled in an ISO 14644-8 cleanroom environment below 25°C and 30% RH, de-aired in a vacuum bag at 130°C for 30–45 min, and autoclaved at 140–150°C and 1.1–1.3 MPa for 60–180 min depending on stack thickness. The autoclave ramp rate is limited to 2–3°C/min to prevent edge void formation. Terminal finished products include hurricane and cyclone impact windows, glass floors, balustrades, and blast-resistant glazing for government and transport buildings. Adhesion control is measured by pummel testing according to ISO 12543-4:2021 or internal pummel indices, with a nominal target of 5–8 pummel units for impact glazing. At elevated service temperatures above 60°C, thick interlayer stacks can show increased creep under continuous load, which limits unsupported span designs unless laminated glass is structurally framed and edge-supported.
High-viscosity PVB resin HV-17/HV-20 is used in multilayer ceramic capacitor green tape binder systems where the binder must survive high-solids milling, support uniform tape thickness after solvent evaporation, and decompose cleanly before sintering. The regulatory context for this application includes RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU Annex II for lead and cadmium restrictions, REACH candidate-list screening for plasticizers and crosslinking additives, and IATF 16949 process control for automotive-grade passive components. The formulation addition ratio in a starting-point barium titanate slurry is 5.0–10.0 wt% HV-17/HV-20 on total slurry weight, with ceramic powder at 40.0–55.0 wt%, solvent blend at 30.0–45.0 wt%, plasticizer at 1.0–2.5 wt%, and dispersant at 0.5–1.5 wt%. The solvent blend is typically methyl ethyl ketone, ethanol, and toluene in a ratio near 30:20:10, adjusted to control evaporation rate. Downstream manufacturing uses ball milling with 5 mm yttria-stabilized zirconia media for 24–48 h, followed by vacuum de-aeration to remove entrained air from the 1000–5000 mPa·s slurry. Tape casting on PET carrier film is performed at a gap of 50–300 µm and a casting speed of 0.5–3.0 m/min, with drying zones at 50–80°C to leave green tape thickness between 5 µm and 250 µm. Binder burnout is conducted between 200°C and 500°C before sintering at 1100–1300°C depending on dielectric formulation. Terminal finished product types include X7R and C0G multilayer ceramic capacitors, chip inductors, and low-temperature co-fired ceramic substrates. A known failure mode is slurry bodying caused by addition of polyethyleneimine or amine-functional dispersants, which can react with residual PVB hydroxyl groups and raise yield stress beyond tape casting limits. Published data for the exact green density response of HV-20 in sub-2 µm barium titanate systems is limited, so pilot trials with the specific dispersant package are required before production-scale milling.
| Variable | Binder-lean formulation | Binder-rich formulation |
|---|---|---|
| Ceramic powder | 52.0 wt% | 48.0 wt% |
| Solvent blend | 35.0 wt% | 31.0 wt% |
| HV-17/HV-20 binder | 7.0 wt% | 12.0 wt% |
| Plasticizer | 2.5 wt% | 3.5 wt% |
| Dispersant | 0.8 wt% | 1.2 wt% |
Two-component wash primer systems using HV-17/HV-20 as the film-forming binder are applied to degreased steel and aluminum before epoxy or polyurethane topcoats. The process standard is ISO 12944-5:2019, with substrate cleanliness controlled to Sa 2.5 under ISO 8501-1 and dry-film adhesion verified by ISO 2409:2020 or ASTM D3359-23. Part A contains HV-17/HV-20 at 7.0–10.0 wt%, zinc phosphate at 4.0–8.0 wt%, talc at 1.0–3.0 wt%, isopropanol at 40.0–60.0 wt%, n-butanol at 15.0–25.0 wt%, and xylene at 5.0–10.0 wt%. Part B is a phosphoric acid solution at 2.0–4.0 wt% in alcohol, mixed into Part A at a 4:1 by-weight ratio immediately before spraying. The downstream process uses HVLP spray equipment with a 1.2–1.4 mm nozzle at 0.15–0.25 MPa air pressure, producing a dry film thickness of 8–12 µm. Pot life after acid addition is 8–24 h at 20°C, after which the phosphoric acid reaction with PVB hydroxyl groups gradually increases viscosity and compromises film continuity. Curing proceeds at 20°C for 24 h before topcoat application. Terminal finished product types include structural steel bridge girders, hot-dip galvanized architectural profiles, aerospace aluminum skin pretreatment, and OEM automotive refinish surfaces. The limitation of chromate-free PVB wash primers is that corrosion resistance in 1000 h neutral salt spray is generally dependent on the full topcoat system rather than the wash primer alone; exposed wash primer films without topcoat do not provide prolonged barrier protection under C4–C5 corrosivity categories.
In glass and ceramic screen printing ink vehicles, HV-17/HV-20 competes with lower-viscosity PVB grades where higher screen release, longer mesh open time, and reduced settling of high-density frit are required. The applicable compliance standards for printed glass and ceramic articles include ISO 2409:2020 for cross-cut adhesion, ASTM D3359-23 for adhesion classification, EN 12875-1 for dishwasher resistance of ceramic tableware, and 84/500/EEC for heavy metal release from ceramic surfaces. The formulation addition ratio for a screen printing ink vehicle is 5.0–12.0 wt% HV-17/HV-20, with a solvent blend at 45.0–60.0 wt% comprising ethanol, ethyl acetate, and butyl glycol, pigment or glass frit at 30.0–45.0 wt%, plasticizer at 0.5–3.0 wt% of resin solids, and rheology additives at 0.5–2.0 wt%. Downstream ink manufacturing begins with high-shear dispersion at 15–25 m/s in a dissolver, followed by two passes through a triple roller mill with a 10–15 µm gap. The ink is screen printed through 150–300 mesh polyester or stainless steel screens, dried at 120–160°C for 5–10 min, and fired at 580–850°C depending on whether the printed layer is a decorative ceramic decal, automotive glass black enamel, or architectural spandrel glass coating. Terminal finished product types include printed glass bottles, automotive window frit bands, architectural glass spandrel panels, and ceramic tableware decals. Operational boundaries include a viscosity drop in high-humidity printing rooms above 70% RH and a tendency for high-viscosity grades to retain solvent in thick ink films above 25 µm dry thickness, which can cause blistering during firing. Published data for HV-20 specifically within 150-mesh ceramic ink systems is limited, so ink formulators should compare screen release angle and defoaming behavior against lower-viscosity grades before finalizing the solvent blend.
Ballistic and blast-resistant laminated glass produced with HV-17/HV-20 uses the higher molecular weight of the resin to maintain interlayer tensile elongation and adhesion uniformity across thick stacks of glass and PVB. The qualification standards for this segment include EN 1063 ballistic resistance classes such as BR4, UL 752 levels up to Level 3 or higher, NIJ 0108.01, and ASTM F1233-19 for glazing materials used in security applications. The formulation addition ratio is kept at 70.0–73.0 wt% HV-17/HV-20 with 26.0–29.0 wt% plasticizer, UV absorber at 0.2–0.5 wt%, and a reduced adhesion control package to raise pummel adhesion above typical architectural targets. The downstream production process assembles alternating layers of glass and 0.76 mm or 1.52 mm PVB interlayer into stacks containing 5–10 interlayers, with total glass thickness from 30 mm to more than 60 mm. De-airing uses a vacuum bag or nip roller at 120–130°C for 45–90 min, followed by autoclaving at 140–150°C and 1.2–1.3 MPa for 180–420 min. Extended autoclave times are required because the heat transfer lag through thick glass stacks delays interlayer flow and edge sealing. Terminal finished product types include armored vehicle glazing, bank counter security glass, diplomatic building windows, and blast-resistant vestibule glazing. The main limitation is that thick HV-17/HV-20 interlayers increase laminate deflection under sustained load at temperatures above 50°C, and optical distortion control requires matched glass thickness and precise autoclave pressure uniformity within ±0.05 MPa across the platen area.
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High viscosity polyvinyl butyral resins designated HV-17 and HV-20 are partially acetalated polyvinyl alcohol resins in which the numerical suffix identifies the nominal residual hydroxyl fraction: 17% and 20%, respectively, on a polyvinyl alcohol basis. The polymer backbone contains butyral acetal rings, residual hydroxyl groups, and a low residual acetate fraction. The high-viscosity classification reflects a higher weight-average molecular weight and lower melt mass-flow rate than standard PVB grades, not simply a higher solids content. The resins are used in laminated safety glass interlayer, ceramic green tape, structural adhesives, washable temporary coatings, and high-solids solvent-borne ink vehicles. In solution-processing operations, the longer chain length increases hydrodynamic volume and low-shear viscosity; in melt-processing operations, it raises torque, specific energy input, and die pressure.
The product is a distribution of acetal, hydroxyl, and acetate units along the chain. The distribution controls solubility in oxygenated solvents, plasticizer partitioning, adhesion to siliceous and metallic substrates, and moisture uptake. The suffix does not denote molecular weight; HV-20 is distinguished from HV-17 primarily by a higher residual hydroxyl content, which strengthens hydrogen bonding in the solid state and in solution.
The specification window for HV-17 and HV-20 is bounded by residual hydroxyl, residual acetate, solution viscosity in mixed solvent, moisture content, and ash. The values in Table 1 are representative high-viscosity PVB band values. Lot-specific data from the manufacturer’s certificate of analysis govern in-process control because the acetalation reaction is not terminated at a single point; it proceeds to a statistical distribution.
| Parameter | HV-17 | HV-20 | Test method |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominal residual hydroxyl content | 17.0–18.0 wt% | 20.0–21.0 wt% | ASTM D1396-17 |
| Residual acetate content | ≤1.5 wt% | ≤1.5 wt% | ASTM D1396-17 |
| Solution viscosity, 10 wt% in 85:15 ethanol/toluene at 25 °C | 120–180 mPa·s | 200–300 mPa·s | ISO 2555 or ASTM D2196 |
| Moisture as received | ≤2.0 wt% | ≤2.0 wt% | ISO 15512 |
| Ash | ≤0.05 wt% | ≤0.05 wt% | ISO 3451-1 |
| Free acid | ≤0.10 mg KOH/g | ≤0.10 mg KOH/g | ISO 2114 |
| Glass transition by DSC, midpoint | 68–73 °C | 72–77 °C | ISO 11357-2:2020, 10 K/min |
| Melt mass-flow rate, 190 °C, 21.6 kg | 2.5–5.0 g/10 min | 1.5–3.0 g/10 min | ISO 1133-1:2022 |
Hydroxyl content is determined by acetylation with acetic anhydride in pyridine followed by titration; residual acetate is measured in a parallel hydrolysis step. Viscosity testing requires complete dissolution at 25 °C and equilibration for 2 h before measurement. Filtration through a 100 µm mesh is necessary to remove microgels that would otherwise distort the rotational viscometer reading. Glass transition is measured on the second heating cycle after quench cooling; residual plasticizer or moisture depresses the midpoint by 5–10 °C. Published data for the specific HV-17/HV-20 configuration in every end-use matrix is limited; the values above are supplied as the grade band and do not replace the certificate of analysis for lot acceptance.
When a medium-viscosity PVB is replaced by HV-20 in a high-solids gravure ink vehicle, the first measurable change is a nonlinear rise in apparent viscosity below 100 s⁻¹. On a rotational rheometer with a 25 mm cone-and-plate geometry, the viscosity ratio of HV-20 to a medium-viscosity grade at equal nonvolatile content is typically 1.5–2.2 at 50 s⁻¹. This increase is not offset by simple dilution; it requires reformulation of the oxygenated cosolvent fraction. HV-20 demands 10–15% more ketone or glycol ether co-solvent than HV-17 to maintain press viscosity, because hydroxyl-rich chains interact more strongly with ethanol and water and lose free volume more rapidly as concentration increases.
The zero-shear viscosity of high-viscosity PVB solutions follows a shear-thinning power-law profile. For a 10 wt% HV-20 solution in 85:15 ethanol/toluene at 25 °C, the flow behavior index n is typically 0.55–0.70. Apparent viscosity at 1 s⁻¹ can therefore be 3–4 times the value at 100 s⁻¹. Enclosed doctor blade printing lines must select screen mesh and squeegee speed to avoid starvation in the chamber when a medium-viscosity grade is replaced by HV-20. A high-shear Cowles disperser operated at 800–1200 rpm with jacket cooling is used to wet pigment and control solvent loss. Medium-viscosity grades dissolve more quickly; HV-20 may require pre-swelling in an ethanol/toluene blend for 30–60 min before pigment addition, otherwise undissolved gel particles pass through screens and produce micro-defects during printing. HV-17, with lower hydroxyl, dissolves more readily in aromatic and ester blends and is preferred when rapid solvent release and low moisture sensitivity are larger constraints than polar substrate adhesion.
In high-solids coatings, the replacement also affects sag control and film build. A low-viscosity PVB can require additional thickening agents; HV-17 or HV-20 raises low-shear viscosity and permits higher wet film thickness without increasing solids above 50%. The penalty is a narrower reduction window for roll-coating and a greater tendency toward solvent retention if the oven air velocity is below 2 m/s.
In laminated safety-glass interlayer compounding, a 75 mm co-rotating twin-screw extruder with L/D 40:1 and a 350 mm flex-lip die processes high-viscosity PVB at barrel temperatures of 150–190 °C. The lower melt mass-flow rate of HV-20 raises die pressure and torque relative to a medium-viscosity extrusion, but it also stabilizes bubble-free film and reduces edge tear during hauler draw at 5–15 m/min. High hydroxyl in HV-20 improves adhesion to soda-lime glass after lamination; peel-adhesion testing according to ASTM D903-98 on laminated coupons typically shows a 10–20% higher peel load than comparable HV-17 sheet at equal plasticizer content, although the exact value depends on surface treatment and autoclave conditions.
Plasticizer dosing is controlled at 35–45 phr; triethylene glycol bis(2-ethylhexanoate) is common. HV-20 reduces plasticizer migration toward the glass interface under sustained load because hydrogen bonding raises the activation energy for plasticizer diffusion, but the same hydroxyl content increases equilibrium moisture uptake to 0.4–0.8 wt% at 50% RH. Pre-dried resin must be held in closed hoppers with dry air purge; otherwise film haze increases and autoclave bubbles form. Interlayer optical haze is measured under ASTM D1003-21 and should remain below 1.5% for automotive windshields. Dynamic mechanical analysis of the plasticized film gives a tan δ peak between 25 °C and 35 °C at 1 Hz, indicating energy absorption in the service temperature window.
In ceramic tape casting, the binder solution is milled with ceramic powders under high-shear conditions. HV-20 is used for alumina and glass-ceramic substrates because the 20% residual hydroxyl adsorbs to oxide surfaces and reduces binder segregation during drying. A typical slurry is prepared at 55–65 wt% solids in methyl ethyl ketone/ethanol with a phosphate ester dispersant; binder demand is 4–8 phr on dry powder mass. Tape cast at 100–250 µm wet thickness dries to 50–125 µm green tape. HV-17 is selected for barium titanate systems when lower binder adsorption is required to avoid dielectric loss from residual carbon after burnout. Burnout in air at 450–550 °C with a heating ramp of 1–2 K/min removes the PVB; full removal is confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis according to ISO 11358-1:2022 until the ceramic weight is constant. Slurry viscosity at 10 s⁻¹ is adjusted to 1000–3000 mPa·s for tape casting. Published data for HV-17/HV-20 in specific tape formulations is limited; binder loading and dispersant compatibility must be verified by slurry rheology and green density measurements.
At residual moisture levels above 0.20 wt%, hydrolysis of butyral rings becomes measurable during melt processing. Vented extrusion with vacuum of -0.06 MPa or lower at barrel 8 is required for high-viscosity PVB, and pre-drying in desiccant dryers at 55–65 °C for 4–6 h down to <0.10 wt% moisture is necessary before compounding. Avoid combination with amine-based additives because basic species shift the acetal equilibrium and may liberate butyraldehyde; strong mineral acids similarly catalyze hydrolysis. Storage at relative humidity below 60% and below 30 °C in sealed bags prevents caking and viscosity drift. If caking occurs, the resin should not be ground without inert gas dust control because PVB dust forms combustible suspensions.
Thermal degradation is a kinetic boundary, not a sharp melting-point threshold. Residence time above 190 °C accelerates chain scission and crosslinking through acetal ring opening; colour shift from water-white to amber is measurable after 5–10 min at 200 °C under air. Melt processing equipment for HV-20 should therefore be configured with vented screws, narrow temperature bands, and screw speeds below 350 rpm to limit shear heating unless the line is specifically rated for high-viscosity PVB.
| Processing attribute | Low-viscosity PVB | Medium-viscosity PVB | HV-17 | HV-20 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solution viscosity, 10 wt% in 85:15 ethanol/toluene at 25 °C (mPa·s) | 15–30 | 50–80 | 120–180 | 200–300 |
| Melt mass-flow rate, 190 °C, 21.6 kg (g/10 min) | 25–40 | 10–20 | 2.5–5.0 | 1.5–3.0 |
| Residual hydroxyl (wt%) | 10–13 | 14–16 | 17–18 | 20–21 |
| Glass transition by DSC midpoint (°C) | 60–65 | 65–70 | 68–73 | 72–77 |
HV-17 provides a balance between melt strength and moderate adhesion; HV-20 is selected for maximum creep resistance and polar substrate adhesion. The processing cost includes higher torque, a narrower extrusion temperature window, and increased pre-drying demand relative to low- and medium-viscosity grades. In solvent-borne coatings, low-viscosity grades reduce sag control; HV-17 and HV-20 raise the low-shear viscosity and permit higher film build without increasing solids above 50%.
