| HS Code | 152044 |
| Material | Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) |
| Fiber Type | Ultra-fine monofilament micro-reinforcement fiber |
| Specific Gravity | 1.3 |
| Length | Typically 4.8 mm (varies by specification) |
| Diameter | Ultra-fine (approximately 14 microns) |
| Tensile Strength | 1,600 MPa (typical) |
| Modulus Of Elasticity | 40 GPa (typical) |
| Elongation At Break | 6-7% |
| Melting Point | Approximately 220°C (decomposes before melting) |
| Alkali Resistance | Excellent in high-alkaline concrete environments |
As an accredited Nycon RMS702-PVA Fiber for Concrete Reinforcement（ultra fine） factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Nycon RMS702-PVA ultra-fine PVA fibers packaged in a 1 lb water-soluble bag for easy handling and accurate dosing. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20′ FCL loading: Nycon RMS702-PVA ultra-fine fibers packed in sealed bags on pallets, evenly stacked and secured for safe transport. |
| Shipping | Nycon RMS702-PVA ultra-fine fibers ship as dry, non-hazardous cargo in sealed bags on pallets. Protect from moisture and humidity during transit and storage. Use standard dry van containers or covered trucks; no special hazmat endorsement required. Allow standard ground shipping lead time depending on destination. |
| Storage | Store Nycon RMS702‑PVA ultra‑fine fibers in a cool, dry, well‑ventilated area, preferably in their original unopened packaging. Keep away from direct sunlight, heat sources, and open flames. Protect from moisture and dampness to prevent clumping or degradation. Avoid stacking excessively or crushing bags. Under proper conditions, shelf life is typically long-term and stable. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life of Nycon RMS702-PVA ultra fine fibers is indefinite under dry storage, unopened, and protected from direct sunlight. |
In wet-mix shotcrete placed through a double-piston pump fitted with an S-valve and a 50 mm nozzle air ring, ultra-fine Nycon RMS702 PVA monofilament is introduced at the batch plant immediately behind the coarse aggregate and before the first water discharge. The fibre is classified under EN 14889-2:2006 for polymer fibres for concrete, and the resulting mix is specified to ASTM C1116/C1116M-23 Type III synthetic fibre. Dosage is set at 0.5–1.0% by volume, equivalent to 6.5–13.0 kg/m³ at a fibre density of 1.30 g/cm³. The lower bound is used where nozzle rebound must remain below 15%; the upper bound is held for permanent linings where residual flexural strength measured under ASTM C1609/C1609M-19a must exceed 1.5 MPa at L/600. The fibre is mixed in a twin-shaft compulsory mixer for a minimum of 180 s after fibre addition; batch temperature is kept below 29 °C to avoid PVA softening, and the mix is transported under slow agitation for no more than 60 min. Discharge into a piston pump fitted with a 65 mm S-valve and shot through a 50 mm nozzle at 1.0–1.4 m³/h maintains nozzle pressure at 0.4–0.6 MPa. Alkali-free accelerator is injected at the nozzle at 4–8% by weight of binder only after fibre dispersal has been confirmed by washing a 5 L sample through a 1.18 mm sieve and checking for fibre balls. Terminal finished products include temporary and permanent tunnel linings, shaft linings, slope stabilization shells, and underground station arch linings. Field experience on wet-mix lines shows that fibre balling increases sharply when the fibre is added to a mix with slump below 80 mm, so slump at the pump hopper is held between 100 mm and 140 mm. Published data for this specific Nycon RMS702 configuration in granite aggregate shotcrete is limited; site calibration against round panel energy absorption under ASTM C1550-20 is required before permanent works.
| Volume fraction (%) | Mass dosage (kg/m³) | Typical process window |
|---|---|---|
| 0.25 | 3.25 | self-leveling screeds and floor overlays |
| 0.50 | 6.50 | wet-mix shotcrete and slab-on-grade control |
| 0.75 | 9.75 | precast thin-shell and repair sprays |
| 1.00 | 13.00 | permanent shotcrete linings and ECC mortar base |
| 1.50 | 19.50 | high-deformation repair and 3D printed mortar |
| 2.00 | 26.00 | ECC tensile ductility mixes |
Precast thin-shell architectural cladding cast in CNC-machined polyurethane moulds operates in a different failure regime than structural frame elements: the governing load during production is demoulding and handling before the panel gains its full 28-day capacity. For this application Nycon RMS702 ultra-fine PVA fibre is added at 0.75–1.5% by volume, equivalent to 9.75–19.5 kg/m³. The lower band is selected for panels with thickness between 30 mm and 50 mm; the upper band is reserved for reveals, return ribs, and edge sections thinner than 22 mm. CE marking for precast architectural cladding under EN 13369:2023 requires the fibre’s geometry, tensile strength, alkali resistance, and conformity to be documented under EN 14889-2:2006, while the cement matrix is verified for flexural strength under EN 196-1:2016 and for casting tolerance under the producer’s factory production control. The production process uses a self-compacting concrete with maximum aggregate size 4 mm and a water-to-binder ratio of 0.32–0.38; the fibre is added into the planetary mixer before water and dispersed for 120 s after the superplasticizer has visibly liquefied the paste. External vibrators at 50–60 Hz are applied for no more than 15–20 s per mould face because longer vibration drives the low-density fibre toward the top surface and creates fibre-rich delamination planes. Demoulding takes place after 16–18 h at 20–25 °C; steam curing, if used, must not exceed 60 °C in saturated air because PVA softens at higher temperature. Terminal finished products include rainscreen cladding panels, exterior wall panels, architectural fins, window surrounds, and balcony balustrade shells. The fibre improves crack control during demoulding but does not replace steel connection anchors; edge return ribs and lifting inserts are still designed under EN 1992-1-1:2023.
Engineered cementitious composite mixes containing Nycon RMS702 ultra-fine PVA fibre are mixed without coarse aggregate; the resulting tensile ductility depends on fibre dispersion and fibre-matrix interfacial bonding rather than aggregate interlock. The reference dosage is 2.0% by volume, equivalent to 26.0 kg/m³ at 1.30 g/cm³. The matrix is a mortar with silica sand no coarser than 0.30 mm, Portland cement, fly ash or ground granulated blast-furnace slag, a polycarboxylate ether superplasticizer, and a water-to-binder ratio between 0.26 and 0.32. The fibre is fed into a high-shear mortar mixer over 60–120 s only after the cement paste has reached a visible fluid state; bulk viscosity during mixing is held between 4,000 mPa·s and 8,000 mPa·s as measured by a rotational viscometer at 20 °C. Above a 2.0% volume fraction, tensile strain capacity does not continue rising linearly: tensile first-crack strength remains a function of matrix fracture toughness under ASTM C1609/C1609M-19a, and the strain-hardening response depends on the number of steady-state microcracks. If the Nycon RMS702 fibre surface is received without the oiling treatment typically used in ECC-grade PVA fibre, the chemical bond to the cement matrix may be too strong, causing premature fibre rupture rather than pull-out; published data for this specific configuration is limited, so a single-fibre pull-out test under a recognized interfacial bond protocol is required. Compliance for structural use references ASTM C1116/C1116M-23 Type III synthetic fibre and the JSCE-2008 Recommendations for Design and Construction of High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites with Multiple Fine Cracks. Terminal finished products include bridge deck link slabs, coupling beams in seismic retrofit, damper wall panels, and high-deformation concrete repair strips.
Overhead repair placements on chloride-contaminated balcony slabs fail not in flexure but at the cold joint when hydration shrinkage exceeds the substrate’s surface tensile capacity. A bagged structural repair mortar containing 0.5–1.5% by volume Nycon RMS702 ultra-fine PVA fibre, equivalent to 6.5–19.5 kg/m³, is produced in a ribbon blender with graded quartz, silica fume, and a styrene-butadiene or vinyl acetate copolymer redispersible powder. The lower dosage is specified for trowel-applied patches of 10–15 mm thickness; the upper dosage is specified for sprayed vertical or overhead layers up to 35 mm. Compliance is demonstrated under EN 1504-3 Class R4 for structural repair products and ASTM C928/C928M-20 for packaged hydraulic-cement concrete repair materials; restrained shrinkage is evaluated by ASTM C1581/C1581M-18a with a maximum average stress-rate relaxation time sufficient for the slab geometry. The substrate is prepared to ICRI CSP 6–9 and brought to saturated-surface-dry condition before placement; a paddle mixer at 400 rpm mixes the dry material for 3 min after water addition, and the material is placed in lifts not exceeding 25 mm per pass. Curing under polyethylene film for 7 days is used when ambient relative humidity is below 50%. Finished products include balcony edge repairs, car park soffit patches, bridge deck patches, and vertical face repairs on concrete shear walls. Calcium chloride accelerators must be avoided because the chloride ion increases corrosion risk in adjacent reinforcing steel; the fibre is not a substitute for corrosion-inhibiting admixtures or increased cover in chloride-exposed structures.
A laser-screened floor slab placed at 400 m²/h with a water-to-cement ratio of 0.48 and air content of 5.5% shows a measurable reduction in plastic shrinkage crack count when ultra-fine PVA fibre is added to the truck mixer after all water and after 50% of the air-entraining admixture has been discharged. The addition rate for slabs-on-grade is 0.25–0.50% by volume, or 3.25–6.50 kg/m³; the lower bound is used for interior slabs with tight flatness provisions under ACI 302.1R-15, while the upper bound is reserved for exterior slabs subject to drying winds above 6 m/s. The fibre is charged into a transit mixer rotating at 12–14 rpm for 8–10 min, and the resulting concrete is discharged at a slump between 120 mm and 150 mm so that placement does not require re-tempering. A laser screed with a 3 m screed head is followed by a walk-behind power trowel only after the bleed-water sheen has disappeared; early hard-trowelling folds the fibres into the surface and produces fuzzy finish defects. Terminal finished products include distribution centre floor slabs, cold-store floors, parking decks on grade, and exterior container yard pavements. Restrained shrinkage testing under ASTM C1581/C1581M-18a and free drying shrinkage under ASTM C157/C157M-17 are used to set the upper fibre dosage, because overdosing above 0.50% by volume without adjusting the mortar fraction reduces the top-surface finish quality and increases the risk of trowel chatter.
Unlike stationary casting, layer-wise extrusion of concrete imposes a drying window between adjacent layers that is rarely longer than 120 s but is sufficient to form a weak interlayer plane. Nycon RMS702 ultra-fine PVA fibre is added at 1.0–1.5% by volume, equivalent to 13.0–19.5 kg/m³, to a 3D printed mortar with maximum aggregate size 2 mm and slump flow between 170 mm and 200 mm. Compliance for the fibre remains under EN 14889-2:2006 and ASTM C1116/C1116M-23 Type III synthetic fibre; process qualification for the additive manufacturing system references ISO/ASTM 52939:2023. The production process uses a continuous mixer feeding a progressive cavity pump connected to a 30 mm nozzle; the fibre length is held at or below 8 mm to prevent fibre bridging at the 90-degree elbow immediately upstream of the nozzle. Layer height is set at 10–12 mm, and nozzle speed is held between 60 mm/s and 100 mm/s; interlayer adhesion is checked by cylinder splitting at the interface following ASTM C496/C496M-22. Terminal finished products include architectural walls without formwork, street furniture, acoustic shell elements, and custom facade ribs. Published data for this specific Nycon RMS702 configuration in 3D printed mortar is limited; a print trial with continuous pump pressure logging and 30-minute open-time testing is required before production because any interruption longer than 20 min allows the fibre-laden matrix to build enough static yield stress to block the progressive cavity pump.
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Nycon RMS702-PVA Fiber for Concrete Reinforcement (ultra fine) is a polyvinyl alcohol micro-synthetic fiber specified for the control of early-age shrinkage cracking in concrete, mortar, and wet-mix shotcrete. The product is classified under ASTM C1116 as a synthetic fiber for concrete and falls within the scope of EN 14889-2 for polymer fibers used in concrete, mortar, and grout. Published property ranges for PVA concrete fibers include a density of approximately 1.30 g/cm³, tensile strength of 1,500–1,600 MPa when tested under ASTM C1557, Young’s modulus of 38–42 GPa, and elongation at break of 6–8%. The ultra-fine grade is characterized by a filament diameter below 0.04 mm and a cut length typically below 10 mm; these dimensions produce a higher fiber count per kilogram than conventional 0.1 mm polypropylene micro-fibers. For the RMS702-PVA designation specifically, the current mill certificate should be used to confirm the exact cut length and filament denier because published data for this specific configuration is limited.
The fiber is batched at 0.5–2.0 kg/m³ for plastic shrinkage crack control and at 4.0–8.0 kg/m³ in high-ductility composite mixes where multiple cracking is intended. In a compulsory twin-shaft mixer or planetary counter-current mixer, the material should be added after the aggregates and cement have been dry-mixed for 10–15 s, followed by water and admixtures. The addition rate should not exceed 50 kg/min through a vibratory screen or a closed hopper to prevent balling. Air content under ASTM C231 and slump under ASTM C143 should be re-checked after fiber addition; an air-entrained concrete may lose 0.5–1.0% air or gain air depending on the surfactant dosage and mixing energy, so the air-entraining agent must be re-optimized before production.
The primary fresh-state effect is a substantial increase in surface area and fiber count at low addition rates. A reduction in diameter from 0.1 mm to 0.026 mm raises the number of fibers per kilogram by approximately one order of magnitude. This change reduces bleeding and plastic settlement, and it also increases the yield stress of the mortar fraction. In a 0.50 water-to-cementitious ratio concrete containing 1.0 kg/m³ of the ultra-fine PVA fiber, slump measured under ASTM C143 is commonly 10–25 mm lower than the equivalent plain mix, while the plastic viscosity measured by a concrete rheometer may rise by 10–20%. When the water-to-cementitious ratio is below 0.40, the viscosity increase can be more pronounced, and field adjustments should use a high-range water reducer conforming to ASTM C494 Type F or EN 934-2 rather than additional mixing water.
The product functions best when the concrete is placed and finished promptly. Because ultra-fine PVA increases the green cohesion of the paste, bleed water may be delayed or reduced, and finishing operations may need to begin earlier than on plain concrete. The fiber is not a curing compound; without moist curing or a curing membrane meeting ASTM C309, the concrete can still develop plastic shrinkage cracks as the surface desiccates. In hot-weather placement where evaporation rate exceeds 0.5 kg/m²/h, the fiber should be combined with windbreaks, fogging, and condensation monitoring rather than specified as a standalone mitigation measure.
For wet-mix shotcrete, the ultra-fine PVA fiber is added at 1.0–3.0 kg/m³ to improve cohesion and reduce rebound in a pumping line. A typical wet-mix shotcrete train with a 50 mm delivery hose and outlet pressure of 0.3–0.5 MPa benefits from fiber distribution because the high fiber count limits aggregate segregation at the nozzle. Rebound mass measured from sprayed test panels in accordance with ACI 506R can be reduced by 10–30% relative to the same mixture without fiber, but this reduction is dependent on nozzle angle, nozzle distance, air flow, and aggregate grading. In low-slump repair overlays placed at 25–50 mm thickness, the fiber provides green tensile cohesion that reduces edge slumping and material loss on vertical surfaces.
The same addition should not be made by simply dumping the full bag into a ready-mix drum at high speed. After fiber introduction, 30–45 revolutions at mixing speed are commonly specified to distribute micro-synthetic fibers uniformly through a truck mixer. Because ultra-fine PVA is hydrophilic, it can form fiber aggregates in high-slump concrete with excess free water or when added too rapidly; in a stationary mixer, a controlled feed rate below 50 kg/min is recommended. In pumpable concrete, the fiber can change the lubricating layer near the pipe wall; line pressure testing with a pump screed or pressure transducer is recommended before establishing a pumping protocol for large placements.
The product is intended to control early-age cracking and is not a direct replacement for structural reinforcement. Plastic shrinkage testing under ASTM C1579-21 has been used to compare fiber-reinforced concretes; published studies on PVA micro-synthetic fibers at 0.9 kg/m³ show crack width and total crack area reductions of 60–80% relative to the same unreinforced mixture. The testing measures cracking on an overlaid slab under controlled air flow and evaporation. The crack reduction ratio is calculated from the sum of crack widths recorded at 24 h after placement. Because the RMS702-PVA ultra-fine fiber provides a high number of bridging filaments across each crack path, the early crack opening is constrained before final set rather than after the matrix has fully hardened.
Restrained ring testing under ASTM C1581 provides additional data for concrete at 0.9–1.8 kg/m³. Published data for PVA micro-synthetic fibers indicate delayed initial cracking and reduced average crack width in restrained concrete rings when compared to plain concrete. The test outcome is sensitive to curing and ring geometry, so direct comparisons require identical mix proportions and curing conditions. Performance is also reduced if the fiber is not uniformly dispersed; a concrete with fiber balls will behave as an unreinforced material at the local tensile zone.
The RMS702-PVA ultra-fine fiber differs from polypropylene micro-fibers in elastic modulus, surface bonding, and dimensional stability. PVA concrete fiber typically has a Young’s modulus of 38–42 GPa, whereas polypropylene micro-fibers are in the range of 3–6 GPa. Tensile strength values of 1,500–1,600 MPa for PVA also exceed the 300–450 MPa range common for polypropylene micro-fibers. The hydrophilic nature of PVA improves adhesion to cement paste and reduces fiber pull-out under ASTM C1557 fiber-cement pull-out testing. Unlike steel fibers, the PVA fiber does not corrode, does not increase electrical conductivity, and does not trowel to the surface as a protruding steel filament. However, it does not provide equivalent post-crack flexural capacity at the same dosage.
| Property | Ultra-fine PVA (RMS702-PVA) | Polypropylene micro-fiber | Hooked-end steel fiber |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density | 1,300 kg/m³ | 910 kg/m³ | 7,850 kg/m³ |
| Tensile strength | 1,500–1,600 MPa | 300–450 MPa | 1,000–1,200 MPa |
| Young’s modulus | 38–42 GPa | 3–6 GPa | 200 GPa |
| Elongation at break | 6–8% | 15–25% | 0.5–1.0% |
| Fiber count at 0.9 kg/m³ | High; order of magnitude above PP micro-fiber | Moderate | Low |
| Corrosion in reinforced concrete | None | None | May corrode near surface if cracked and exposed |
The comparison in residual flexural performance is commonly assessed under EN 14651 or ACI 544. Steel hooked-end fibers can maintain significant residual stress at crack mouth opening displacement above 0.5 mm, whereas PVA ultra-fine fiber at low dosage is generally specified for crack widths below 0.2 mm. When high-volume PVA fiber is used in engineered cementitious composites, multiple cracking and tensile strain capacity above 2% have been reported in published literature, but those formulations require optimized particle packing, viscosity-modifying admixtures, and high-range water reducers that differ from ordinary ready-mix production. Published data for this specific product configuration is limited at high dosage; therefore, full-scale trial panels and batch-specific testing are required before structural use.
In production, the fiber bags should be stored off the ground in a dry environment. Fiber moisture content should remain below 1.0% by mass before batching; if storage relative humidity exceeds 60% or condensation is observed, drying is required to prevent clogging of the fiber feed system and false air-entrainment readings. The fiber is compatible with Portland cement, fly ash, slag, and silica fume binders, but is not a mitigation for alkali-silica reaction; aggregate reactivity must be evaluated under ASTM C1260 or ASTM C1293 independently. Air-entrained mixes should be re-optimized after fiber addition because the high surface area can interact with air-void surfactants and change the bubble size distribution. Steam curing above 60°C requires a production trial, as published data for this specific configuration is limited and the fiber-cement interface may be altered by rapid temperature rise.
