| HS Code | 601557 |
| Color | white |
| Base | polyvinyl acetate |
| Viscosity | thick liquid |
| Drying Time | 30 to 60 minutes |
| Odor | mild |
| Ph | 5 to 7 |
| Shelf Life | 12 to 18 months |
As an accredited White Glue factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | White Glue is packaged in a 1-liter squeezable plastic bottle with a resealable nozzle for easy application. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20′ FCL of white glue: palletized, secured drums/cartons, ventilated, stable loading for safe chemical transport. |
| Shipping | White Glue ships as a non-hazardous, water-based adhesive. It is packaged in sealed containers with leak-proof caps, cushioned within sturdy cartons. Standard ground or air freight is acceptable. Avoid extreme heat or freezing during transit. No special hazmat labeling required, though upright orientation and dry storage are recommended. |
| Storage | Store white glue in a cool, dry area away from direct sunlight and heat sources. Keep the container tightly sealed when not in use to prevent skinning and evaporation. Avoid freezing, as low temperatures can ruin the adhesive. Ensure good ventilation and keep out of reach of children. |
| Shelf Life | White glue has a shelf life of about 12–24 months when unopened; store in a cool, dry place and avoid freezing. |
On pneumatic clamp carriers used for edge-glued spruce, pine, oak, and beech panels, a white poly(vinyl acetate) homopolymer dispersion with Brookfield RVT viscosity 2,800–4,200 mPa·s at 25°C, pH 4.5–5.0, and solids 48–52 wt% is applied by direct-roll coater. Coat weight is 120–180 g/m² per bond line, with 150–170 g/m² preferred on oak to avoid starved joints. Open time at 20°C/60% RH is 8–12 minutes; closed assembly time is limited to 5 minutes because longer closed assembly removes water into the workpiece and produces a surface skin that cannot wet the opposite face. Press pressure for softwood lamination is 0.8–1.2 N/mm², while hardwood panels require 1.2–1.8 N/mm² with clamp spacing at 250–300 mm to maintain uniform pressure. At 20°C, clamping time is 40–60 minutes for a 20 mm softwood strip before panel sanding; 24-hour full cure is recommended before wide-belt sanding at 80–120 m/min to avoid adhesive gumming. Dry shear per ASTM D905-08e1 yields 90–100% wood failure at 24 hours, while EN 204 D3 wet shear per EN 205 after 4 days cold-water soak is required for interior frequent water exposure. This unmodified homopolymer is not rated D4 for exterior use. In high-frequency heated platen presses, a moisture-resistant D3 grade can be cured at 60–70°C in 1–2 minutes, reducing clamp time; the limiting condition is moisture boil-out at the edges, which leaves porous bond lines. Storage below 5°C creates coagulated grit that clogs doctor rolls and produces thin streaked bond lines. Batch-to-batch viscosity outside ±300 mPa·s of the approved range alters transfer weight and open time, producing occasional starved joints in hard maple. Finished products include edge-glued panels, stile-and-rail doors, solid-wood tabletops, and furniture frames.
Running at 150–300 m/min on rotary envelope and paper bag lines, a low-viscosity poly(vinyl acetate) homopolymer with Brookfield RVT viscosity 1,800–2,800 mPa·s at 25°C, pH 4.5–5.0, and solids 45–50 wt% is applied by a toothed applicator wheel or slot nozzle. Wet coat weight on side seams and flaps is 15–30 g/m². Open time is 10–25 seconds; compression in breaker rolls is 0.5–2.0 seconds. The bond requirement is 80–100% paper fiber failure on 80 g/m² kraft, assessed by ASTM D903-98 peel and visual fiber inspection after 24 hours at 23°C/50% RH. These lines must control dynamic surface tension below 35 mN/m because high machine speed shortens wet-out; a wetting-surfactant package is added at 0.5–2.0 wt% for clay-coated and high-holdout board. Foam generation in open recirculating pots is controlled with 0.1–0.3 wt% defoamer, and pump cavitation is avoided by maintaining pot level above the intake. Indirect food-contact conversion of paper sacks, envelopes, satchels, and folding carton side seams uses adhesive components compliant with FDA 21 CFR 175.105; direct food contact is not covered unless a functional barrier is validated. For export packaging to the EU, EU Regulation 10/2011 requires migration testing for vinyl acetate at a specific migration limit of 12 mg/kg if the adhesive is not separated by a barrier. At speeds above 250 m/min, insufficient drying increases dowel stickiness and the adhesive can transfer to guide rolls, requiring release-coated rollers and, on some grades, a starch-powder dusting unit. The terminal products are multiwall paper sacks, square-flap envelopes, grocery bags, and carton side seams.
Perfect-binding lines that mill the text block spine with a rotary saw at 0.3–0.6 mm depth use a penetration primer at 10–15 wt% solids before applying a flexibilized PVAc spine adhesive at 200–300 g/m² wet. The spine adhesive is formulated with 10–25 wt% internal plasticizer on polymer solids to reduce film glass transition midpoint by DSC to -20°C to -5°C; published data for a specific supplier grade can be limited, but the lower Tg correlates with cold-crack resistance. Viscosity at 25°C is 3,000–4,500 mPa·s on a Brookfield RVT, spindle 5, 20 rpm; pH is maintained at 4.0–5.5 to slow viscosity drift in open troughs. Side gluing for hinge reinforcement uses 80–120 g/m² wet by a rotating wheel, often replaced by ethylene-vinyl acetate hot-melt when line speed exceeds 40 cycles/min. After nipping at 0.2–0.4 N/mm² for 10–30 minutes, the book block is held at 20–25°C/40–60% RH for 12–24 hours before three-knife trimming. Cold-crack evaluation follows ASTM D1790-21 on a film cast from the adhesive; a formulation that cracks below -10°C is accepted for softcover books shipped through unheated distribution channels. Page-pull resistance per ASTM D1876 after 7 days is 1.5–3.0 N/mm on 100 g/m² uncoated offset stock, with failure in the paper layer preferred. The process boundary is water uptake into calendered coated stock: below 15°C or above 70% RH ambient, drying time extends and blocking can occur in stacking. The terminal product is the softcover perfect-bound book or catalogue; the PVAc spine adhesive is not specified for hardcover casing-in hinges where higher layflat and moisture resistance require polyurethane reactive hot-melt systems.
Because a packaging laminate of bleached kraft and low-density polyethylene requires a waterborne bond that does not block at 40°C, a vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer dispersion with Tg near 0°C is gravure-applied to the paper web at 4–8 g/m² dry weight before nipping to corona-treated LDPE at 60–90°C and 5–10 bar. Line speed is 100–200 m/min, with a 40–60 lines/cm gravure cylinder cell depth of 20–30 µm. Low viscosity at 25°C is 500–1,500 mPa·s on a Brookfield RVT, spindle 3, 50 rpm; higher viscosity starves cells and causes skip coating. Peel strength after 24 hours per ASTM D1876 is 0.5–1.5 N/15 mm on 40 µm LDPE, with failure occurring in the film. The adhesive layer in food bags is covered under FDA 21 CFR 175.105 for indirect food contact; for EU markets, EU Regulation 10/2011 specifies a vinyl acetate monomer specific migration limit of 12 mg/kg, and the LDPE film is generally taken as the functional barrier. Foam control uses 0.1–0.3 wt% silicone-free defoamer, and a 45–60 kW drying hood on a 1.2 m web oven is required to reach <1% residual moisture before rewinding. Residual moisture above 1% or blocked rolls stored above 35°C produces delamination and odor in stacked bags. The terminal products are bread bags, frozen-food bags, and multiwall bag liners.
Filter rod makers running at 400–600 m/min apply a PVAc emulsion by heated transfer roller at 10–20 g/m² wet to the plug wrap edge; the wet bond replaces starch-based adhesives in this high-speed seaming operation. Viscosity at 25°C is 3,000–4,500 mPa·s; pH is 4.2–5.5; solids are 48–52 wt%. The bond must survive immediate cutoff and rod hardness measurement 80–90% after 30 minutes equilibration. The adhesive is not applied to the tobacco contact surface; indirect food-contact compliance follows FDA 21 CFR 175.105. Dried film buildup on the rod bed and transfer rollers is removed with water during shutdown, as hardened PVAc particles can cause rod seam opening and machine jam. Foaming is controlled by 0.05–0.2 wt% defoamer to prevent skip coating. Process limits: plug wrap temperature below 15°C creates condensation that causes poor wet-out; open pot time is 4–8 hours before viscosity drift requires pH adjustment. The terminal product is cellulose acetate filter rod; biodegradability or compostability of the finished rod is not claimed from the adhesive layer alone. Published data for exact open time on specific high-speed rod configurations is limited; conversion trials with boxboard shell temperature of 20–25°C are recommended.
High-viscosity vinyl acetate-ethylene dispersion sprayed onto needle-punched polyester scrim uses a rotary atomizer at 2–5 bar to deposit 8–15 g/m² dry add-on before flame lamination to polyurethane foam. Spray line speed is 20–50 m/min; viscosity at 25°C is 2,500–4,000 mPa·s. The pre-bond must resist delamination during 90–120 seconds thermal contact at 120–180°C in the flame laminator. For wet-strength durability, a melamine-formaldehyde crosslinker is added at 5–15 wt% based on polymer solids; tensile after 24-hour water immersion is tested according to ISO 9073-3 with an acceptable loss not exceeding 30% of dry value. Automotive interior applications require formaldehyde release below 10 ppm by VDA 275; nonautomotive decorative laminates may accept higher crosslinker load levels but risk stiffening. Rotary atomizer clogging from coagulated particles is controlled by filtering through a 100 µm screen and maintaining pH at 4.0–5.0. The terminal products include HVAC duct liner scrim, upholstered panel reinforcement, and mattress border scrim. This application is not food-contact approved and is not formulated for direct skin contact without a barrier layer.
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White Glue WL-2210 is a one-part aqueous polyvinyl acetate homopolymer emulsion supplied at 48 ± 2% nonvolatile solids by mass when tested in accordance with ISO 3251:2019. Brookfield RVT viscosity at 25°C, spindle 5, 20 min⁻¹, is specified at 3,500 ± 500 mPa·s; pH is maintained between 4.0 and 4.6, and density at 20°C is 1.08–1.10 g/cm³ measured by ISO 2811-1:2023. Median particle diameter by laser diffraction is 1–3 µm, and the dry film glass transition temperature is 25–30°C by ISO 11357-2:2020. Minimum film formation temperature is approximately 6°C by ASTM D2354-10(2023). The product is intended for porous cellulosic substrates—wood, paper, cardboard—where bond formation proceeds by water evaporation and latex coalescence rather than isocyanate reaction or formaldehyde condensation. This distinction places WL-2210 in the non-structural PVAc class: it provides a sandable glue line and long open time but does not develop the crosslinked network of emulsion polymer isocyanate or polyurethane adhesives.
| Parameter | Method | Specification |
|---|---|---|
| Nonvolatile solids | ISO 3251:2019 | 48 ± 2% by mass |
| Brookfield viscosity | ISO 2555:2018 | 3,500 ± 500 mPa·s at 25°C, spindle 5, 20 min⁻¹ |
| pH | ASTM E70-19 | 4.0–4.6 |
| Density | ISO 2811-1:2023 | 1.08–1.10 g/cm³ at 20°C |
| Minimum film formation temperature | ASTM D2354-10(2023) | ≤ 6°C |
| VOC content | U.S. EPA Method 24 | <50 g/L |
| Open time at 23°C, 50% RH | In-house drawdown on beech | 6–10 min |
| Cold press schedule | Plant-scale cold press | 0.5–1.0 MPa for 20–60 min |
The low-shear viscosity specification alone does not define roll transfer performance. WL-2210 exhibits shear thinning; apparent viscosity measured at 100 min⁻¹ may fall below the 20 min⁻¹ specification point. On a single-sided direct-roll coater with a 0.15 mm metering gap, wet film weights in the range 140–180 g/m² are attainable at line speeds up to 20 m/min when adhesive and substrate are maintained at 20–25°C. Higher line speeds reduce pickup and can starve the substrate; lower speeds increase wet film weight but extend open surface area. Batch-to-batch viscosity drift within the specification window can shift wet film weight by approximately 8–10% under fixed-gap conditions, so continuous coat-weight monitoring is required on panel lines. Foam generation in return trays or on doctor rolls indicates excessive pump shear or air entrainment; use of low-shear positive-displacement transfer pumps with flooded suction is recommended.
Open assembly time at 23°C and 50% RH falls between 6 min and 10 min. Closed assembly time after contact extends to 15 min before the applied film becomes dry-to-touch. Press schedules are 0.5–1.0 MPa for 20–60 min; shorter cycles are acceptable only when initial tack and stock flatness permit. RF-cure systems require wood moisture content between 8% and 12% to avoid arcing or inconsistent glue-line heating. The product is not suited to high-frequency presses with moisture below 8% because the dielectric coupling weakens and the adhesive film may not generate sufficient heat. End-grain joints, which absorb adhesive rapidly, require either a preliminary seal coat applied at 100–140 g/m² and allowed to become tack-free, or a second application before clamping. Flat-grain joints are less sensitive; excessive spread rate above 180 g/m² can produce squeeze-out, glue-line thickening, and press-time extension without proportional strength gain.
Classification under EN 204:2016 for nonstructural wood adhesives provides the accepted benchmark for moisture resistance. WL-2210 is suitable for D2 and D3 service categories when formulated and tested on closed-cell beech assemblies; D4 exterior permanence is not claimed. Dry shear strength after 7 days at 23°C/50% RH on beech typically measures 10–14 MPa when tested according to ASTM D905-20. The water-immersion sequences required by EN 204 reduce shear strength; the D3 sequence retains a minimum of 2.0 N/mm² on beech, with most production lots exceeding 3.0 N/mm². This is sufficient for interior furniture, laminate-to-particleboard assembly, and light joinery, but not for structural load-bearing joints or continuously wet service.
Compared with urea-formaldehyde resins, WL-2210 emits no formaldehyde from condensation cure and gives lower post-cure brittleness. Compared with emulsion polymer isocyanate systems, it requires no liquid hardener mixing and has lower creep resistance. Polyurethane and EPI adhesives can be formulated for D4 and high-temperature service; WL-2210 is restricted to applications where glue-line temperature remains below 50°C in service. Compared with hot melt adhesives, it provides no immediate green strength and requires clamping; compared with cyanoacrylate, it tolerates larger gaps up to 0.2 mm but sets slowly. Unlike solvent-borne rubber cements, WL-2210 is nonflammable under normal storage, lower in VOC, and cleans with water before cure. Animal hide glue requires heating and has shorter working time; WL-2210 is ready to use but cannot be reactivated with water after full set.
VOC content determined by U.S. EPA Method 24 is below 50 g/L, supporting compliance with SCAQMD Rule 1168 for wood adhesives. The product can be formulated to meet FDA 21 CFR 175.105 for indirect food contact, provided the dry adhesive is separated from food by a functional barrier or the packaging configuration satisfies the regulation’s end-use limitations. Screening against the REACH Candidate List under Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 has not identified substances of very high concern above 0.1% w/w in the commercial product, based on supplier disclosures.
| Requirement | Reference | Status/condition |
|---|---|---|
| Non-structural wood adhesive classification | EN 204:2016 | D2 and D3 when tested on beech; D4 not claimed |
| Dry shear strength on beech | ASTM D905-20 | 10–14 MPa after 7-day cure |
| VOC content | U.S. EPA Method 24 | <50 g/L |
| Indirect food contact adhesive | FDA 21 CFR 175.105 | Compliant when used as specified; barrier and end-use limits apply |
| SVHC screening | REACH (EC) 1907/2006 | <0.1% w/w based on supplier disclosure |
Water resistance and heat resistance are the limiting factors. The D4 sequence under EN 204:2016 subjects the bond line to boiling water or equivalent high-moisture/high-temperature stress that unmodified PVAc does not survive because the polymer remains thermoplastic and water-susceptible. Crosslinking additives can move a PVAc-based system toward D4, but WL-2210 is not formulated as a D4 adhesive. Exterior load-bearing joinery should use moisture-curing polyurethane or EPI adhesives tested under the relevant structural standard.
Below approximately 6°C, the dispersed polymer particles do not coalesce into a continuous film. Even if the adhesive dries partially, the white film remains powdery and the wood joint may fail under modest stress. Substrate and adhesive should be conditioned at or above 15°C before spreading. If production must resume in an unheated shop, infrared panel heaters or warm air circulation should be applied to the stock immediately upstream of the coater. Forced drying with dehumidified air at 25–30°C for 2–3 min can remove water but will not guarantee film coalescence if board temperature remains below minimum film formation temperature; board temperature, not air temperature, controls coalescence. The glue line should not be allowed to freeze before full water loss; frozen uncured adhesive can separate from the substrate and create starved joints. Relative humidity below 40% shortens open time below 5 min and causes skinning; relative humidity above 70% delays water loss and extends press time. Pre-drying of porous substrates to 8–12% moisture content is required for consistent bond formation.
Shelf life is 6 months in unopened containers stored at 5–30°C. Repeated or prolonged exposure below 0°C coagulates the dispersion; thawed material cannot be restored by mixing and should be rejected if viscosity exceeds 5,000 mPa·s at 25°C or if graininess is visible on a Hegman gauge per ISO 1524:2013. In bulk storage, low-shear agitation at 10–20 min⁻¹ prevents settling. High-shear centrifugal pumps or excessive recirculation can entrain air and raise viscosity; air release is slow in 1,000 L totes. pH drift below 3.5 indicates hydrolytic degradation or contamination; such material should not be blended into fresh inventory. Preservative systems are effective only while the product remains sealed and within pH range; opened containers should be consumed or resealed with an airtight lid.
