| HS Code | 374985 |
| Product Name | Sinopec PVA 097-29 |
| Product Type | Partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol (low hydrolysis grade) |
| Cas Number | 9002-89-5 |
| Appearance | White granular powder |
| Degree Of Hydrolysis | 29 ± 2 mol% |
| Average Degree Of Polymerization | 970 ± 30 |
| Viscosity | 9.7 mPa·s (10 wt% methanol solution at 20°C) |
| Volatile Content | ≤ 5.0 wt% |
| Ash Content | ≤ 0.5 wt% |
| Ph Value | 5.0-7.0 (aqueous dispersion) |
| Solubility | Insoluble in water; soluble in methanol, ethanol, and polar organic solvents |
| Particle Size | 20-80 mesh (typical) |
As an accredited Sinopec PVA 097-29 factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Available in 25 kg multi-ply paper bags with polyethylene liner, sealed to protect against moisture. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20' FCL: 25kg bags on pallets, approximately 20 metric tons per container, safely secured for transit. |
| Shipping | Sinopec PVA 097-29 is shipped as a white granular powder in sealed multi-layer paper or woven bags with inner liners, typically 20 kg each. Containers must remain dry and ventilated, away from moisture, heat, and incompatible materials. Standard non-hazardous freight applies, though proper labeling and safe handling are essential. |
| Storage | Store Sinopec PVA 097-29 in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight, heat sources, and open flames. Keep containers tightly sealed to prevent moisture absorption and contamination. Avoid generating dust; use appropriate ventilation. Maintain temperatures below 40°C and follow local regulations for polymer storage. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life is typically 12 months when stored in a cool, dry place in sealed original packaging. |
A recurring limitation in the production of architectural and automotive safety interlayers emerges when the condensation reaction between polyvinyl alcohol and butyraldehyde is terminated without precise control over residual acetyl content and acetalization degree. Sinopec PVA 097-29, specified at a hydrolysis level of 99.0–99.8 mol% and a 4% aqueous solution viscosity of 29.0–34.0 mPa·s at 20°C, provides a substrate with minimal acetyl interference, shifting the equilibrium toward uniform acetal ring distribution along the polymer backbone. The downstream processing sequence initiates with dissolution of the granulate in demineralized water at 90–95°C under nitrogen blanketing to prevent oxidative chain scission, forming a 12–15 wt% solution. After cooling to 18°C, technical-grade n-butyraldehyde is dosed at a molar ratio of 1:0.72–0.78 relative to the vinyl alcohol repeat units, followed by the introduction of 35% hydrochloric acid at 1.2 wt% of the PVA charge. The exothermic reaction precipitates polyvinyl butyral (PVB) resin particles as the degree of acetalization surpasses 60 mol%, with the particle morphology dictated by the shear rate imparted by a three-blade retreat curve impeller in the precipitation kettle. Post-neutralization with sodium hydroxide to pH 6.5–7.0, the crumb undergoes countercurrent washing in six stages to reduce residual chloride ions below 50 ppm, a threshold critical for preventing glass-edge corrosion in laminated assemblies. Fluidized bed drying at 55°C reduces moisture content to ≤0.4% before the resin is extruded into film modified with 0.3% synthetic silica as an anti-blocking agent. The finished PVB interlayer, governed by optical clarity requirements under ISO 12543-2:2011 and volatile content limits under ASTM D5213-12, exhibits a yellowness index below 1.0 and tensile strength exceeding 24 MPa when laminated between two panes of float glass. End-use products include hurricane-resistant glazing units and acoustic-damping automotive windscreens.
| Degree of Acetalization (mol%) | Haze (%) | Tensile Strength at Break (MPa) | Elongation at Break (%) | Pummel Adhesion to Glass (Rating 0–10) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 72 | 0.3 | 19.2 | 220 | 8 |
| 76 | 0.4 | 23.5 | 155 | 6 |
| 80 | 0.6 | 28.1 | 85 | 4 |
| 82 | 1.1 | 31.4 | 28 | 2 |
The mechanical performance envelope of sized high-count cotton warp yarns is governed not solely by the tensile gain induced by the film former, but critically by the fracture mechanics at the size-removal stage during desizing in alkaline hydrogen peroxide baths. Formulations built on PVA 097-29 exploit its intermediate molecular weight distribution to penetrate the yarn core without forming surface-heavy agglomerations that rupture cohesively during shedding motions on high-speed air-jet looms operating at 900–1,200 picks per minute. The size liquor, prepared in a high-pressure jet cooker at 110°C for 20 minutes, incorporates PVA at 8–12% of total solids alongside 1% polyacrylic acid copolymer as a plasticizer and 0.1% defoamer. A target add-on of 10–14% dry weight relative to the undyed yarn mass is achieved by regulating the squeezing pressure on the final nip roller at 2.8–3.2 bar on a size box maintained at 88°C. Cylinder drying follows a staged profile: 130°C on the first two Teflon-coated cans to flash off surface moisture, then 105°C on the subsequent four cans to suppress film-forming that would otherwise encapsulate the yarn and hinder caustic penetration during open-width desizing. Conformity to the methode for residual sizing agent assessment according to Oeko-Tex Standard 100 Annex 4 is verified by hot-water extraction titration, with residual PVA content on fabric entering dyeing and finishing mandated below 0.3%. Finished woven goods span mercerized cotton shirting, polyester-cotton blend workwear, and high-burst-strength linen canvas for outdoor upholstery.
In dry-pressing operations for advanced electronic ceramic substrates and multilayer chip components, the cohesive failure of the compact prior to sintering represents a yield-killing defect mode often traced to inadequate temporary binder distribution. PVA 097-29 is integrated into the spray-dried granulate process as a plasticized aqueous solution constituting 2.5–4.0 wt% of the inorganic powder dry mass, with the binder concentration adjusted inversely to the specific surface area of the ceramic precursor. A typical slip for alumina (96% Al₂O₃, d₅₀ 0.6 µm) is milled in a continuous horizontal bead mill charged with 1.2 mm yttria-stabilized zirconia grinding media, with the PVA solution added post-milling during the let-down stage prior to feeding a centrifugal atomizer operating at an inlet temperature of 230°C and outlet temperature of 115°C. The resulting spherical granules with a moisture content of 1.5% are compacted in a hydraulic press under 120 MPa uniaxial pressure, yielding green bodies with a flexural strength of 3.5–4.0 MPa as measured by three-point bending according to ASTM C1161-18. Debinding constitutes the rate-limiting thermal step: the compacts are heated from ambient to 550°C at a ramp of 0.3°C/min under a flowing oxygen-enriched atmosphere to oxidatively cleave the PVA backbone without generating carbonaceous residues that would otherwise reduce the dielectric breakdown voltage of the sintered part. The upper limit of alkali metal oxide content in PVA 097-29, certified at ≤0.5% as Na₂O, aligns with the purity requirements of IEC 60672-3:1997 for ceramic insulating materials. Finished products include alumina substrates for thin-film metal deposition, zirconia ferrules for fiber optic connectors, and titanate-based dielectric layers in MLCCs.
The protective colloid function in vinyl acetate homopolymer and vinyl acetate-ethylene (VAE) copolymer emulsions pivots from steric stabilization during nucleation to irreversible grafting during the polymerization plateau, establishing a colloidal matrix whose response to freeze-thaw cycling dictates the end-user shelf life of the adhesive. When PVA 097-29 is employed as the sole protective colloid at 4–6 wt% based on the total monomer charge, its fully hydrolyzed structure minimizes the density of residual acetate groups available for radical chain transfer, thereby directing graft site formation toward the 1,2-glycol configurations present at 1.6–1.8 mol% along the main chain. The polymerization is executed in a jacketed 10 m³ stirred reactor with incremental monomer addition over 3.5 hours at 78°C, initiated with a potassium persulfate/sodium metabisulfite redox couple at 0.5 mol%. As the conversion surpasses 85%, the viscosity climbs non-linearly from 2,000 mPa·s to over 15,000 mPa·s, and the torque signature on the anchor agitator becomes the primary proxy for grafting extent. The finished latex, adjusted to 55% solids and pH 4.8–5.2, must pass five cycles of freezing at −15°C and thawing at 23°C without coagulation to meet the durability classification D3 or D4 under EN 204:2016 for non-structural wood bonding in interior and protected exterior environments. Formulations that exceed 6% PVA loading relative to monomer frequently exhibit excessive pseudoplasticity, rendering uniform application on high-speed roller coaters for edge banding and flat lamination problematic. End-use forms include one-component wood assembly glues, paper-to-paper laminating adhesives for spiral tube winding, and heat-sealable coatings on aqueous-print packaging.
| PVA Concentration in Size Liquor (wt%) | Size Add-On on Yarn (%) | Sized Yarn Tensile Strength (cN/tex) | Abrasion Resistance (Cycles to Failure, Zweigle G552) | Desizing Efficiency after 10-min-90°C Water Scour (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8 | 10.2 | 16.3 | 380 | 97 |
| 10 | 12.5 | 18.7 | 540 | 93 |
| 12 | 14.8 | 20.4 | 710 | 88 |
The demand profile for coated paper and paperboard intended for grease-resistant packaging or high-speed release liner production necessitates a surface treatment that simultaneously densifies the base sheet and seals surface porosity without inducing curl at fluctuating ambient humidity. A metering size press on the paper machine is configured to deliver an aqueous solution containing PVA 097-29 at 8–12% concentration by weight, with the bath viscosity maintained at 45–60 mPa·s by inline dilution control, targeting a dry coat weight of 1.5–2.0 g/m² per side. The deep-penetration tendency associated with low-viscosity grades is counteracted by the rapid dehydration of the film at the nip, where the paper web at 6–8% moisture enters the flooded nip at 900 m/min line speed, and the instantaneous immobilization of the PVA within the fiber matrix prevents back-trap on the center roll. Post-treatment calendering at 80°C and 150 kN/m linear load develops the required Bekk smoothness exceeding 1,500 seconds. Compliance with the extractives limitations for aqueous food-contact paper under FDA 21 CFR 176.170 is achieved without post-treatment crosslinking, though the absence of a reactive co-agent implies that exposure to liquid water for periods exceeding 30 minutes will result in measurable loss of surface sizing efficacy. The treated papers are converted into silicone-coated release liners for pressure-sensitive labels, hamburger wrap interleavers, and pharmaceutical insert sheets.
Compounding fully hydrolyzed PVA into destructurized thermoplastic starch (TPS) introduces a secondary continuous phase capable of reducing the oxygen transmission rate (OTR) of biodegradable flexible packaging by an order of magnitude relative to neat TPS, provided that the co-continuous morphology is locked in through intensive mixing and rapid quenching. PVA 097-29, pre-dried at 80°C for 4 hours to a moisture content below 0.3%, is gravimetrically fed into a co-rotating twin-screw compounder with an L/D ratio of 44:1 at a loading of 25–35 parts per hundred of native corn starch. The process window for achieving a dispersed PVA domain size of 0.5–2.0 µm is narrow: the barrel temperature profile from feed zone to die is set to 120/145/165/170/170/165/155°C, and deviation by more than ±3°C at the metering zone triggers either PVA-rich gel particle formation or starch thermal depolymerization that degrades the melt strength required for blown or cast film stability. The extrudate, pelletized under a counter-flow water bath, is conditioned to 1.5% moisture before conversion on a single-screw blown film line with a die gap of 1.0 mm and a blow-up ratio of 3.0. The resulting film, at 25 µm gauge, exhibits an OTR of 12–18 cm³/m²·day·atm at 23°C and 0% RH when tested per ASTM D3985-17; the barrier deteriorates rapidly above 60% RH, a well-known limitation of PVA that restricts this construct to dry-product packaging unless laminated. Biodegradability certification under EN 13432:2000 requires that the PVA component, being synthetic, passes the 90% mineralization threshold within 2 years in an industrial composting environment, a condition satisfied by the carbon-chain cleavage mechanism of fully hydrolyzed grades. End-use articles include single-use shopping bags, organic waste collection sacks, and agricultural mulch films for short-season crops.
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In partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) resins, the numerical designation 097-29 encodes a degree of polymerization approximating 900–1000 and an alcoholysis degree within 97.0–99.0 mol%. Sinopec PVA 097-29, produced via continuous alkali alcoholysis of polyvinyl acetate in methanol, delivers a 4% aqueous solution viscosity at 20°C of 27.0–33.0 mPa·s when determined per GB/T 12010.2-2010 (Brookfield LVDV-II+ Pro, spindle 2, 60 rpm). This mid-molecular-weight grade balances film tensile strength—typically 40–55 MPa conditioned at 50% RH (ISO 527-3)—with cold-water solubility onset below 45°C, positioning it between low-viscosity (3–7 mPa·s) partially saponified grades used for emulsion polymerization and high-viscosity fully hydrolyzed products (> 45 mPa·s) reserved for structural adhesives. Volatile matter at 105°C stays ≤ 5.0%, ash (as Na₂O) ≤ 0.5% per GB/T 12010.5-2010, and aqueous solution pH ranges from 5.0 to 7.0. Unlike grades with hydrolysis below 92 mol%, 097-29 resists cold-water gelling and maintains solution stability over 24 h at 25°C without precipitation, an advantage in continuous mixing operations.
The primary utility of 097-29 emerges when juxtaposed with neighbouring grades in the Sinopec portfolio. The table below contextualizes its viscosity and hydrolysis coordinates against both lower- and higher-DP products, revealing a formulation space where moderate film strength and controlled water sensitivity converge. This combination is particularly relevant for textile warp sizing, paper cobinder applications, and reactive intermediate synthesis.
| Property | Sinopec 0588 | Sinopec 097-29 | Sinopec 1799 | Sinopec 1792 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Viscosity (4% aq., 20°C, mPa·s) | 5.0–7.0 | 27.0–33.0 | 45.0–55.0 | 20.0–28.0 |
| Alcoholysis degree (mol%) | 87.0–89.0 | 97.0–99.0 | 99.0–100.0 | 91.0–93.0 |
| Approximate DP | 500–600 | 900–1000 | 1700–1800 | 1700–1800 |
| Ash content (max %) | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| Cold-water solubility | Readily soluble at 20–30°C | Requires heating to 45–50°C | Requires heating above 85°C | Requires heating to 60–70°C |
| Typical application domain | Emulsion stabilizer, remoistenable adhesives | Textile size, paper cobinder, PVB intermediate | High-strength adhesive, polarizing film | Remoistenable coatings, paper size |
What differentiates 097-29 from the fully hydrolyzed 1799 is not merely the 2–3 mol% residual acetate content, but the practical consequence: complete dissolution in process water at 45–50°C eliminates the need for pressurized cooking systems required for fully hydrolyzed grades. Conversely, against 1792, the higher hydrolysis of 097-29 provides superior tensile strength in dried films—a critical parameter in high-speed weaving where size film must withstand abrasion cycles exceeding 5000 reed impacts per hour without rupture.
In cotton and blended yarn sizing lines equipped with multi-cylinder slashers (e.g., Benninger Zell, size box squeeze pressure 10–15 kN/m), Sinopec PVA 097-29 is cooked in stirred autoclaves or continuous jet cookers at 85°C ±3°C for 30–45 min to achieve full dissolution. The cook temperature must not fall below 80°C, as surface skinning nucleates insoluble gel bodies that deposit on yarn guides; exceeding 95°C accelerates hydrolysis, causing an irreversible viscosity drift of –0.5 to –1.0 mPa·s per hour of hold time. Operators typically target a draw-down viscosity of 25–30 mPa·s at 85°C (Brookfield, 20 rpm) to ensure uniform add-on on 40s cotton warps at machine speeds of 60–80 m/min. At optimal add-on levels of 8–12% dry weight on yarn, size film abrasion resistance measured by DIN 53834-1 increases by 2.5–3.5× relative to starch-only formulations, while tensile strength retention after sizing (ASTM D2256) remains above 92%.
The rheological compatibility of 097-29 with native oxidized starch permits starch/PVA blend ratios from 70:30 to 50:50. When starch content exceeds 70%, desizing efficiency through enzymatic α-amylase treatment (pH 6.5, 80°C, 60 min) drops below 85%, leaving residual copolymer films that scorch under dyeing thermofixation temperatures exceeding 180°C. An operational limitation observed on production-scale slashers is that at ambient relative humidity above 60%, unsized yarn moisture content from pre-wet conditioning causes size liquor dilution, reducing add-on uniformity by ± 1.5%; pre-drying at 110°C with forced-air circulation before the size box is mandatory under these conditions. In mills operating twin-screw size-recovery extruders (L/D 32:1, barrel temperature 140–160°C) to reclaim PVA from desizing wash water, 097-29 demonstrates thermal stability sufficient to retain 90% of original viscosity after three reprocessing cycles, although recycling beyond five cycles introduces crosslinking sites from oxidation byproducts, discernible as a rise in gel content above 1.0% (insoluble fraction in boiling water).
Incorporated into pigmented coating formulations for offset and inkjet papers, Sinopec PVA 097-29 acts as a cobinder alongside styrene-butadiene latexes, improving surface strength—IGT pick resistance increases by 0.3–0.5 m/s at 0.5 pph addition per ISO 3783—without excessive low-shear viscosity buildup that would hinder blade coater runnability. The grade’s low-gel particle structure permits high-shear flow on blade coaters operating above 1000 m/min; apparent viscosity at 100,000 s⁻¹ shear rate remains below 150 mPa·s (Hercules high-shear viscometer, 25°C, bob C). Coating colour solids of 58–62% containing 100 parts clay, 12 parts latex, and 0.5–1.0 parts 097-29 exhibit water retention values of 80–85% (AA-GWR gravimetric method), preventing binder migration during hot-air drying at 130°C and thereby minimizing back-trap mottle. At cobinder addition levels above 2.0 pph, the dried coating’s ink receptivity diverges, leading to delta gloss variations greater than 5 units at 60° geometry, an effect attributed to a shift in surface pore size distribution. Published data on the specific interaction of 097-29 with optical brightening agents in coating formulations is limited; however, general PVA chemistry indicates minimal retention of stilbene-based OBA migration relative to fully hydrolyzed grades, due to the presence of residual acetate groups that reduce polymer crystallinity and increase free volume.
Sinopec PVA 097-29, dissolved at 10–15% solids in water at 85°C, serves as a base for laminating adhesives, paper tube winding glues, and envelope adhesives. The addition of sodium tetraborate decahydrate (borax) at 0.3–0.5% on PVA solids triggers rapid transitory crosslinking through didiol complex formation, causing a viscosity increase of 5–10× within 60 s of addition at pH 9.0. This rheological switch must be precisely metered; at B/PVA mass ratios exceeding 0.02, gelation produces a non-flowable mass unsuitable for roll-coater application (target application viscosity 1500–3000 mPa·s at 23°C, Brookfield RVT, 20 rpm). Plasticization with glycerol at 5–10% on PVA solids can extend the open time to 120 s but reduces lap shear strength on aluminium adherends to 2–5 MPa after 24 h cure at 23°C and 50% RH (ASTM D1002). Formulators should avoid amine-based accelerators; even 0.1% of diethylenetriamine pre-reacts with residual acetate sites, causing premature thickening during dissolution and film yellowing under UV exposure. Preservative loading with 0.1% methylisothiazolinone (MIT) is mandatory to suppress microbial degradation in neutral-pH formulations stored beyond 48 h, as PVA is biodegradable under aerobic conditions. Storage tanks must be fabricated from 316L stainless steel; contact with zinc oxide or calcium chloride residues will insolubilize the resin within 8 h.
For polyvinyl butyral (PVB) resin synthesis, Sinopec PVA 097-29 serves as a feedstock precursor in the acid-catalyzed acetalization reaction with butyraldehyde. A hydrolysis degree of 97.0–99.0 mol% ensures adequate residual hydroxyl content for subsequent plasticizer absorption, while the acetate end-groups below 3.0 mol% align with the residual acetyl specification of ≤ 3.0 wt% required in ASTM D2426 for Type II PVB. In laminated safety glass, the adhesion of PVB sheet to glass, measured by the pummel test (ECE R43 Annex 6), correlates inversely with excess acetate content; grades derived from 097-29 routinely yield pummel values of 3–5, indicating controlled adhesion without edge delamination. The 900–1000 DP contributes a melt flow index (at 190°C, 21.6 kg, ISO 1133) in the resulting PVB of 2–4 g/10 min, suitable for sheet extrusion through flat dies with a die gap of 0.7–1.2 mm.
The certified lot-release parameters for Sinopec PVA 097-29 are tabulated below, establishing a conformance baseline against Chinese national standards and internationally aligned test protocols.
| Parameter | Specification Limit | Test Method |
|---|---|---|
| Appearance | White to off-white granules | Visual inspection, GB/T 12010.1-2008 |
| Viscosity (4% aq., 20°C) | 27.0–33.0 mPa·s | GB/T 12010.2-2010, Brookfield LVDV-II+ Pro, spindle 2, 60 rpm |
| Alcoholysis degree | 97.0–99.0 mol% | GB/T 12010.3-2010 (back titration, NaOH) |
| Volatile matter (loss on drying, 105°C) | ≤ 5.0% | GB/T 12010.4-2010 |
| Ash (as Na₂O) | ≤ 0.5% | GB/T 12010.5-2010 |
| pH (4% aqueous solution) | 5.0–7.0 | GB/T 12010.6-2010 |
| Transparency (4% aq., 30°C) | ≥ 90.0% | GB/T 12010.7-2010 (spectrophotometer, 650 nm) |
| Water-insoluble residue | ≤ 0.1% | GB/T 12010.8-2010 |
Standard packaging is 20 kg or 25 kg multi-wall paper sacks with an inner polyethylene liner. Material should be stored in unopened bags under dry conditions at temperatures below 40°C; partial bag use requires resealing and consumption within 72 h to prevent moisture uptake exceeding 1.0%. Bulk handling systems must employ moisture-filtered pneumatic conveying to maintain flowability.
