| HS Code | 740239 |
| Vinyl Acetate Content | 28 wt% |
| Density | 0.950 g/cm³ |
| Melt Flow Rate 190 C 2 16 Kg | 3 g/10 min |
| Melting Point | 70 °C |
| Vicat Softening Temperature | 45 °C |
| Tensile Strength At Break | 15 MPa |
| Elongation At Break | 900 % |
| Shore A Hardness | 75 |
| Flexural Modulus | 20 MPa |
| Brittle Temperature | -70 °C |
As an accredited EVATHENE UE2803 Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Copolymer factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Product is packaged in 25 kg polyethylene-lined kraft paper bags, palletized, stretch-wrapped, and labeled with lot number. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20′ FCL: 25 kg bags on pallets, securely stowed, protected from moisture and heat, ensuring safe transport. |
| Shipping | EVATHENE UE2803 ships as solid ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer pellets in dry, clean packaging. Non-hazardous under normal conditions; avoid moisture, excessive heat, and dust accumulation. Keep containers sealed, store away from ignition sources, and handle with standard material safety practices. No special dangerous-goods designation applies. |
| Storage | Store EVATHENE UE2803 in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight, heat sources, and open flames. Keep containers tightly sealed to prevent contamination and moisture pickup. Maintain moderate temperatures, avoid stacking damage, and separate from oxidizing agents and incompatible materials. Follow local regulations and good industrial hygiene practices. |
| Shelf Life | Store in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight. Shelf life is two years from manufacture date when unopened. |
In foamed midsole production, EVATHENE UE2803, a 28 wt% vinyl acetate copolymer with a nominal melt index of 3.0 g/10 min determined under ISO 1133-1:2022 at 190 °C/2.16 kg, is compounded on a counter-rotating twin-screw extruder with an L/D ratio between 40:1 and 52:1 and a screw diameter from 65 mm to 95 mm. The VA content depresses crystallinity, broadens the melting range, and increases melt elasticity sufficiently to support uniform gas nucleation, but the process window is narrow because azodicarbonamide decomposition and dicumyl peroxide crosslinking must overlap without excessive scorch. A typical foam formulation includes azodicarbonamide at 2.0–4.0 phr, dicumyl peroxide at 0.5–1.2 phr, zinc oxide at 0.5–1.0 phr, and stearic acid at 0.3–0.8 phr. The screw temperature profile rises from 75 °C at the feed throat to 115 °C in the metering zone, while rotary injection molding machines with 2–4 station shuttle molds and clamp forces from 150 tons to 350 tons hold mold temperature between 175 °C and 185 °C. Below 175 °C, partially decomposed azodicarbonamide produces high-density skin regions at the midsole periphery; above 190 °C, premature peroxide crosslinking causes surface scorch, gas collapse, and batch-to-batch hardness drift. Physical properties are measured according to ASTM D3574-17 for flexible foam, ISO 812:2017 for compression set, and ASTM D2240-15 for Shore A hardness. Practical expansion ratios fall between 1.5:1 and 2.5:1, with measured densities from 0.10 g/cm³ to 0.25 g/cm³. For densities below 0.12 g/cm³, up to 2.5 wt% of an ethylene-propylene elastomer is sometimes introduced to shift the tan δ peak toward lower temperature, but adding more than 1.0 phr of paraffinic oil causes migration to the mold surface and increases sticking. Moisture above 0.05 wt% reduces crosslink density and creates blistering; pre-drying at 70–80 °C for 2–4 h in a dehumidifying hopper is required when relative humidity exceeds 60%. Published data for the exact UE2803 midsole configuration is limited, but production-scale observations on 28% VA copolymers with similar melt index indicate that crosslinker purity variation is the most frequent cause of unstable expansion ratio.
Open time and setting speed in hot-melt formulations based on EVATHENE UE2803 are governed by wax crystallization, tackifier compatibility, and the melt viscosity contributed by the copolymer. Compounding is performed in a jacketed sigma-blade mixer or heated twin-screw kneader at 150–180 °C under a nitrogen blanket, with the EVA added before the tackifier resin to prevent localized overheating of low-molecular-weight fractions. The 28% VA content supports compatibility with rosin ester and hydrocarbon tackifiers over a formulation range of 25–40 wt% EVA, 30–50 wt% tackifier, and 20–35 wt% Fischer-Tropsch or paraffin wax without cooled-melt haze. Brookfield viscosity measured under ASTM D3236-15 at 180 °C with a Thermosel system and SC4-27 spindle falls between 800 mPa·s and 3,000 mPa·s depending on wax content; this band is suitable for nozzle and roller coaters but is generally too high for fine-line spiral spray above 200 m/min. On Kraft paper at 25 °C, open time is 5–20 s, and setting speed under a 0.5 N compressive load is 0.5–2.0 s. In case-sealing and bookbinding operations, the adhesive is delivered at 160–190 °C, and melt reservoir dwell time must be limited to 4 h or less because vinyl acetate cleavage releases acetic acid, which corrodes aluminum applicator components and darkens the melt. The addition of 0.5–1.0 phr of a hindered phenolic antioxidant such as pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate) and 0.2–0.5 phr of a phosphite stabilizer extends pot life, but amine-based antioxidants are avoided due to discoloration and interaction with liberated acetic acid. Adhesion is tested under ASTM D903-98 on polyethylene film and ASTM D1876-08 for T-peel on aluminum foil. The most common production failure is nozzle char accumulation from dead zones in heated manifolds; this is reduced by holding manifold temperature no more than 10 °C above application temperature and purging the system every 8 h. Because UE2803 has a melt index of 3.0 g/10 min, it contributes higher cohesive strength but lower hot tack than EVA grades with melt indices from 25 g/10 min to 400 g/10 min, making it more suitable for profile wrapping and edge banding than for high-speed spiral spray applications.
For low-smoke zero-halogen wire and cable insulation, EVATHENE UE2803 is compounded at 20–40 wt% polymer content with aluminum trihydrate or magnesium dihydrate filler loadings from 120 phr to 180 phr and a silane coupling agent at 0.5–1.5 phr to reduce melt viscosity and improve filler wetting. The 28% VA content provides char formation and polar filler interaction during combustion, while the melt index of 3.0 g/10 min imposes a narrow extrusion window on a single-screw extruder with an L/D ratio from 24:1 to 30:1 and a compression screw with a 2.5:1 compression ratio. Barrel temperatures are set from 120 °C in the feed zone to 145 °C at the die, and head pressure is held below 12 MPa to prevent shear heating above 160 °C, which initiates deacetylation and creates surface porosity. Pre-drying at 60–70 °C for 4–6 h is mandatory when moisture exceeds 0.03% because water reacts with vinyl acetate groups and generates acetic acid that corrodes cooling trough components. Finished cable sheath must pass IEC 60332-1-2:2015 for flame spread, IEC 60754-1:2011 for halogen gas content, and IEC 61034-2:2019 for smoke density. Tensile strength is measured according to IEC 60811-501:2012 and typically ranges from 8 MPa to 12 MPa, with elongation at break between 150% and 250%. On a 65 mm single-screw line running at 60 rpm, throughput drops by 15–20% when a coated 1.5 µm aluminum trihydrate is replaced with an uncoated 3 µm magnesium dihydrate because higher compound viscosity increases screen pack blockage. Published data for the specific UE2803 grade in LSZH compounds is limited, but comparable 28% VA copolymers combined with 150 phr of metal hydroxide show a limiting oxygen index from 28% to 35%.
| Application | Regulatory frame | Representative test method | Typical acceptance boundary |
|---|---|---|---|
| Foamed footwear midsole | REACH Annex XVII restricted substances; ISO 20344:2021 safety footwear | ISO 812:2017 compression set; ASTM D3574-17 density | Density 0.10–0.25 g/cm³; compression set ≤ 35% |
| Hot melt adhesive | FDA 21 CFR 175.105 if indirect food contact; EU 10/2011 if barrier compliance | ASTM D3236-15 viscosity; ASTM D903-98 peel | Viscosity 800–3,000 mPa·s at 180 °C; bond intact at 25 °C |
| LSZH wire compound | EN 50575:2014+A1:2016 CPR; RoHS 2011/65/EU | IEC 60332-1-2:2015 flame spread; IEC 61034-2:2019 smoke density | Flame spread ≤ 425 mm; smoke transmittance ≥ 60% |
| Sealant film | FDA 21 CFR 177.1350; EU 10/2011 | ASTM F2029-16 seal strength; ASTM F88/F88M-21 | Seal initiation 60–80 °C; seal strength ≥ 15 N/25 mm |
| Bitumen membrane | EN 13375:2019; EN 14023:2010 | EN 1427:2015 softening point; EN 1426:2015 penetration | Softening point 60–75 °C at 5 wt%; elastic recovery 50–70% |
A three-layer coextruded film line can use EVATHENE UE2803 as the sealant skin at 10–25 µm thickness because the 28% VA content lowers seal initiation temperature to approximately 60–80 °C, as measured by ASTM F2029-16 on a laboratory sealer at 0.5 MPa pressure and 0.5 s dwell time. The EVA layer is coextruded with a polyethylene or polypropylene core on a die equipped with an A/B/C selector plug, with melt temperature maintained at 150–180 °C; above 220 °C, deacetylation creates gel specks, brown discoloration, and odor in the film. The melt index of 3.0 g/10 min produces higher viscosity than conventional sealant grades with melt indices from 8 g/10 min to 15 g/10 min, so screw speed must be reduced or die gap increased to maintain layer uniformity. On a 300 mm wide cast film line with a 0.8 mm die gap, a 20% reduction in screw speed relative to an 8 MI EVA is typically required to match output pressure. Food-contact status is evaluated under FDA 21 CFR 177.1350 for ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers and EU Regulation 10/2011, with migration testing according to EN 1186-1:2002 using 10% ethanol and 3% acetic acid simulants. Heat-seal strength is measured under ASTM F88/F88M-21, and values between 15 N/25 mm and 30 N/25 mm are common at 120 °C sealing temperature on 50 µm blown film. The main operational limit is chill-roll adhesion: when the roll surface temperature is below 20 °C, the EVA skin can stick to the metal surface and produce transverse wrinkles. High-speed lines therefore use a release coating or a matte roll with surface roughness Ra from 0.8 µm to 1.2 µm.
In polymer-modified bitumen production, EVATHENE UE2803 is dispersed at 2–8 wt% in a high-shear mixer operating at 180–190 °C for 2–4 h, with a rotor-stator gap of 0.5–1.0 mm and a tip speed from 18 m/s to 25 m/s. The 28% VA content creates dispersed polymer domains that swell with the maltene phase and form a continuous network when the dosage exceeds 4 wt%; below this level, the system behaves as a bitumen-rich dispersion and develops early deformation in rutting tests. Softening point is measured by EN 1427:2015 and increases from approximately 45 °C for the unmodified base bitumen to 60–75 °C at 5 wt% EVA. Penetration at 25 °C under EN 1426:2015 decreases from 70 dmm to 40–55 dmm, while elastic recovery at 25 °C reaches 50–70% when characterized under ASTM D6084-18. The processing boundary is thermal: vinyl acetate cleavage begins above 200 °C, and the released acetic acid attacks carbon steel mixer surfaces if a nitrogen purge is not maintained. In waterproofing membrane plants, the modified bitumen is pelletized on a twin-screw extruder with a 36:1 L/D ratio after high-shear mixing to avoid phase inversion. Road paving specifications are checked against EN 13707:2018, and roofing membranes against EN 13375:2019. Published data for the exact UE2803 grade in bitumen modification is limited, but the performance envelope of 28% VA copolymers is documented in polymer-modified asphalt literature.
Closed-cell EVA foam sheet extrusion for gaskets, marine buoyancy, and thermal insulation uses EVATHENE UE2803 in a continuous chemical foaming process on a single-screw extruder with a 35:1 L/D ratio and a flat die width from 600 mm to 1,200 mm. The compound contains 0–15 phr of paraffinic process oil, azodicarbonamide at 1.5–3.0 phr, dicumyl peroxide at 0.4–1.0 phr, and zinc stearate at 0.3–0.7 phr. Barrel temperatures follow a rising profile from 105 °C at the feed section to 135 °C at the die, while the downstream hot-air tunnel is maintained at 190–210 °C to activate gas evolution and peroxide crosslinking. Extruded gauge of 2–3 mm expands to a final thickness of 5–10 mm, with density controlled between 75 kg/m³ and 180 kg/m³. Shore 00 hardness ranges from 40 to 60, and compression set after 24 h at 23 °C is 5–10% under ISO 815-1:2021. Edge tearing at the die lips occurs when the die temperature drops below 125 °C because the copolymer crystallizes and the melt fractures; raising the die temperature to 130–135 °C and applying a PTFE-coated die lip reduces this defect. Fire-retardant sheet can be produced by adding 40–80 phr of aluminum trihydrate, but this raises melt viscosity and reduces flexibility. Marine buoyancy applications are evaluated under ISO 12402-7:2020, which specifies closed-cell foam performance after water immersion and cyclic compression.
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EVATHENE UE2803 is an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer supplied as a low-melt-temperature, high-polarity random copolymer with a nominal vinyl acetate content of 28% by mass and a melt mass-flow rate of 3.0 g/10 min when tested at 190°C under a 2.16 kg load in accordance with ISO 1133-1:2022 and ASTM D1238-23. The grade is produced by high-pressure continuous bulk polymerization and is used where a balance of adhesion, low-temperature flexibility, and controlled melt processability is required. Density at 23°C is approximately 0.95 g/cm³ by ISO 1183-1:2019, while the main crystalline melting endotherm is observed at approximately 72°C by differential scanning calorimetry under ISO 11357-3:2018 at a heating rate of 10 K/min. On production-scale equipment, the resin is typically handled as a straight EVA grade without external plasticizer, and its cylindrical pellet geometry permits stable feeding in single-screw and twin-screw systems with grooved feed throats.
The molecular architecture of EVATHENE UE2803 is defined by random incorporation of 28% vinyl acetate on the polyethylene backbone. This reduces the crystalline order relative to a 14% vinyl acetate grade from an estimated crystallinity of approximately 30% to below 12%, based on heat-of-fusion calculations using a reference heat of fusion of 293 J/g for fully crystalline polyethylene. The reduction in crystalline order shifts the melting peak from approximately 96°C for a 14% VA grade to 72°C for UE2803 and lowers Shore A hardness from approximately 94 to 82–86 when measured by ASTM D2240-15. Adhesion to polar substrates such as aluminum, corona-treated polyester, polyurethane, and paperboard increases because the acetate group contributes dipole interaction and acid-base character at the interface. A lower-VA EVA grade with 18% vinyl acetate shows lower peel adhesion on corona-treated low-density polyethylene and is more susceptible to delamination in coextruded structures. A higher-VA grade of 33% has a lower melting peak near 60–65°C and may develop blocking at warehouse temperatures above 30°C, whereas UE2803 retains pellet flowability at ≤25°C under normal storage. Melt rheology at 190°C is pseudoplastic; capillary rheometry indicates strong shear thinning above 100 s⁻¹, which is beneficial in thin-gap die flow but limits melt strength in deep-draw thermoforming relative to lower-VA ethylene copolymers.
| Attribute | EVATHENE UE2803 | Lower-VA EVA | Higher-MI EVA |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominal vinyl acetate content | 28% | 18% | 28% |
| Melt mass-flow rate | 3.0 g/10 min | 3.0 g/10 min | 43 g/10 min |
| Main melting peak | 72°C | 84°C | 70°C |
| Shore A hardness | 82–86 | 92–94 | 70–75 |
| Adhesion to polar substrates | High | Moderate | High |
| Melt strength in extrusion | Moderate-high | High | Low |
| Blocking tendency at 28°C | Moderate | Low | High |
| Typical conversion process | Crosslinked foam, hot-melt adhesive, cast film | Flexible packaging film, extrusion coating | Low-viscosity adhesive, thin-wall injection molding |
On blown film lines, EVATHENE UE2803 may be used as a high-cling layer or as a modifier in low-modulus film structures. The melt temperature is maintained in the range 160–190°C because the viscosity profile is lower than that of an equivalent-melt-index LDPE. For a 50 mm die with a 1.0 mm die gap, the frost line height is commonly set at 3–5 times die diameter, depending on air-ring velocity. At a cooling air temperature of 8–12°C, the film surface develops sufficient crystallization to resist blocking. Without this cooling, blocking of the 28% VA surface can occur when rewind tension exceeds 0.4 N/mm and roll temperature exceeds 28°C. On cast film lines, the melt web enters a chill roll maintained at 15–20°C; this rapid quench preserves clarity but reduces crystalline development, so winding tension is kept below 0.3 N/mm. Tensile properties of 100 µm cast film are evaluated by ASTM D882-18, with elongation at break commonly above 700% in the machine direction. Laboratory blocking tests under ASTM D3354-15 are used to set antiblock masterbatch addition levels between 2,000 ppm and 5,000 ppm. Differences from lower-VA grades appear as a lower film modulus and a higher coefficient of friction; the static coefficient of friction against a steel plate is commonly above 0.5, requiring slip addition in secondary conversion.
In hot-melt adhesive conversion, EVATHENE UE2803 is dry-blended with tackifying resin, wax, and antioxidant before melt compounding. A starting formulation containing 35–45 wt% UE2803, 40–50 wt% rosin ester with acid number ≤8 mg KOH/g, and 10–15 wt% Fischer-Tropsch wax produces a Brookfield viscosity of 1,200–1,800 mPa·s at 180°C under ISO 2555:2018. The open time on uncoated kraft board is governed by the crystalline set point and heat transfer from the adhesive bead. For a bead applied at 170–180°C with a nozzle diameter of 0.4 mm, open time before fixture is typically 20–40 s. Published data for this specific high-speed case-sealing configuration is limited, and line-speed trials should be conducted with compression time set to at least 1.5 s per 100 m/min conveyor speed. Formulations should avoid tackifiers with acid number above 15 mg KOH/g because carboxylic acid residues can accelerate chain scission and raise viscosity drift beyond 10% after 48 h at 175°C. Scraped-wall mixing vessels with heating uniformity of ±2°C reduce charring of high-vinyl acetate melt in dead zones.
Compounding of EVATHENE UE2803 with fillers and flame retardants is carried out on co-rotating twin-screw extruders with L/D 40:1 to 48:1. Barrel profiles typically begin at 120°C in the feed zone and rise to 170°C before vacuum devolatilization, with a die temperature of 175°C. Specific energy input for dispersions containing 50 phr magnesium hydroxide or aluminum trihydrate is higher than for low-VA grades because the vinyl acetate groups increase resin-filler wetting and apparent melt viscosity at low screw speeds. A screw speed of 250 rpm on a 75 mm machine has been used to achieve uniform dispersion without exceeding a melt temperature of 190°C; published data for this specific configuration is limited. The grade is not a halogenated resin, and its halogen-free profile supports flame-retardant compounds evaluated under UL 94 when formulated with suitable synergists. The resin should be protected from moisture pickup above 0.1% by mass, and pre-drying at 70°C for 2 h in a desiccant dryer is recommended when storage relative humidity exceeds 60%.
EVATHENE UE2803 is converted into crosslinked closed-cell foam by combining a chemical blowing agent and an organic peroxide in calendering or extrusion processes. The critical processing threshold arises because azodicarbonamide decomposes exothermically near 198–210°C, while dicumyl peroxide crosslinking becomes rapid above 170°C. If the melt temperature exceeds 215°C, uncontrolled gas evolution can produce macrovoids and surface rupture. The stable operating window for a standard sheet line is therefore limited to ±5°C around the selected activation point. In a single-screw extruder with L/D 32:1, barrel zone settings of 120/130/145/160/170°C are used to plasticate the compound while delaying decomposition of the blowing agent. At the die, melt temperature is maintained at 185–195°C to initiate controlled expansion after exit. The dicumyl peroxide half-life is approximately 8 min at 170°C, so residence time above that temperature in the metering zone must be held below 6 min to prevent scorch. Differences from lower-VA EVA foam grades are measurable in compression set and softness; the 28% VA content gives a foam density of 35–50 kg/m³ and a Shore A hardness of 20–30 after crosslinking. Batch-to-batch variation in gel fraction measured by ASTM D2765-16 is used to control cure state; a gel fraction of 55–65% is typically targeted for compression-recovery foam. Foam expansion rate is measured by dimensional recovery after 24 h at 23°C and 50% relative humidity.
In injection molding of flexible closures and sporting goods components, EVATHENE UE2803 can be processed on standard reciprocating screw machines with clamp force settings calculated at 35–50 MPa projected cavity pressure. Melt temperature is set at 170–190°C, and mold temperature is kept at 20–40°C. Because the high vinyl acetate content reduces the melt freezing point, pack pressure must be maintained longer than for a 14% VA EVA to avoid sink marks. Incompatibility with mineral oils having aromatic content above 5% may cause surface cracking in stress-relaxed parts; this is a known limitation for high-VA EVA in contact with certain plasticizers. The molded part hardness remains low, which is a difference from lower-VA grades that provide higher creep resistance but lower conformability.
Prolonged exposure of EVATHENE UE2803 to melt temperatures above 230°C leads to deacetylation of the vinyl acetate comonomer and release of acetic acid. Thermogravimetric analysis under nitrogen by ISO 11358-1:2022 typically records accelerated mass loss beginning at 280°C, but isothermal aging at 230°C shows detectable viscosity reduction within 15–30 min. In production, this imposes a maximum melt-temperature limit of 210°C for continuous extrusion and a preferred limit of 190°C for hot-melt mixing. The released acetic acid can corrode unprotected carbon steel surfaces and etch nitrided screw root surfaces after repeated campaigns; therefore, downtime purging with a low-melt-index LDPE is recommended after processing. Avoid combination with amine-based additives in aggressive high-temperature profiles because nitrogen-containing accelerators can promote premature discoloration and crosslinking in the presence of oxygen. The resin should not be stored in direct sunlight, and inventory rotation should respect a recommended maximum warehouse temperature of 35°C to preserve pellet free-flow. When compared with lower-VA grades, UE2803 has a lower upper service temperature in air, and continuous exposure above 60°C under load is not recommended for load-bearing parts.
