| HS Code | 435356 |
| Product Name | ELEVATE EF561 Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Copolymer |
| Polymer Type | Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA) Copolymer |
| Vinyl Acetate Content | 18% |
| Density | 0.940 g/cm³ |
| Melt Flow Index | 2.0 g/10 min at 190°C/2.16 kg |
| Melting Point | 87°C (DSC) |
| Vicat Softening Temperature | 58°C |
| Tensile Strength At Break | 17 MPa |
| Elongation At Break | 850% |
| Flexural Modulus | 40 MPa |
| Hardness | 85 Shore A |
| Low Temperature Brittleness | -70°C |
As an accredited ELEVATE EF561 Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Copolymer factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | ELEVATE EF561 Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Copolymer is supplied as free-flowing pellets in 25 kg polyethylene bags, palletized and shrink-wrapped. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | ELEVATE EF561 EVA copolymer pellets packed in 25kg bags, loaded on pallets into 20′ FCL, secured for safe transport. |
| Shipping | ELEVATE EF561 Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Copolymer ships as solid pellets in sealed bags or bulk containers. Ensure dry, ventilated conditions and protect from direct sunlight, moisture, and temperatures above 50°C. Non-hazardous per transport regulations, but avoid dust accumulation. Handle with standard industrial equipment; keep containers tightly closed during storage and transit. |
| Storage | Store ELEVATE EF561 in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight, heat sources, and open flames. Keep containers tightly sealed to prevent moisture absorption and contamination. Avoid storing near strong oxidizing agents. Maintain stable, moderate temperatures and protect pellets from physical damage to preserve quality and performance. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life is typically one year from date of manufacture when stored in original, unopened packaging under cool, dry conditions. |
For photovoltaic module assembly lines running glass-backsheet lamination cycles below 12 min per module, the encapsulation film is produced by chill-roll cast extrusion of ELEVATE EF561 compounded with organic peroxide, silane coupling agent, and hindered phenolic antioxidant. The mix ratio is 100 parts ELEVATE EF561 to 0.5–1.2 parts dicumyl peroxide to 0.2–0.5 parts vinyltrimethoxysilane to 0.05–0.3 parts hindered phenolic antioxidant. Melt temperature at the die is controlled between 90 °C and 110 °C to avoid premature peroxide decomposition, and the film is drawn to thicknesses of 0.45–0.65 mm before winding. The downstream process at module manufacturers places the EVA film between front glass, stringed cells, and backsheet or second glass, then laminates at 140–160 °C for 12–20 min under vacuum. Crosslink density is measured by gel content per ASTM D2765, with acceptance limits of 75–95% because below 75% the module fails thermal cycling according to IEC 61215-1:2021, while above 95% the cured film loses interfacial adhesion. Industry compliance for photovoltaic encapsulants includes IEC 61215-1:2021, IEC 61215-2, IEC 61730-1, and UL 1703. Terminal products include monofacial and bifacial monocrystalline silicon modules for utility-scale power plants, commercial rooftops, and residential arrays. During production, the lamination platen temperature uniformity is specified at ±1.5 °C because residual peroxide decomposition above 165 °C generates acetaldehyde that can corrode soldered interconnects, a failure mode observed on production-scale vacuum laminators. Where the supplier certificate of analysis for ELEVATE EF561 reports a melt flow index differing from the line calibration lot, the extruder is adjusted by melt pump differential rather than screw speed to hold film basis weight constant.
Footwear midsole foam made from ELEVATE EF561 uses azodicarbonamide as the primary chemical blowing agent because its decomposition gas yield of approximately 210–230 cm³/g creates closed-cell structures at processing temperatures between 165 °C and 180 °C. The formulation to produce a midsole with target density 0.18–0.25 g/cm³ comprises 100 parts EVA resin, 2.5–5.0 parts azodicarbonamide, 0.5–0.7 parts dicumyl peroxide, 1.0–2.0 parts zinc oxide, 0.5–1.0 parts zinc stearate, and 5–20 parts calcium carbonate. The downstream production sequence begins in an internal mixer with a drop temperature of 110–120 °C, followed by a two-roll mill set at 90–100 °C to disperse the curatives without initiating crosslinking. Pelletized compound is then compression molded at 165–180 °C for 7–12 min, after which the mold is cooled to below 60 °C before demolding to prevent uncontrolled expansion. Injection molding is also used for multi-density midsoles with clamp force rated at 250–500 tonnes. Industry compliance tests include density measurement per ISO 845, tear strength per ASTM D624, flexural fatigue per SATRA TM133, and restricted substance screening under REACH. Terminal products include compression-molded running shoe midsoles, injection-molded football boot sockliners, dual-density sport sandals, and orthotic cushioning components. The critical constraint is blowing-agent loading: above 5.0 phr azodicarbonamide in high-VA grades, cell wall drainage during expansion leads to open-cell collapse and a tear strength reduction of more than 30% compared with the 3.0 phr baseline when tested per ASTM D624. Production-scale mixing therefore uses ram pressure and rotor speed limits to avoid localized hot spots above 125 °C, which would cause premature gas liberation and batch-to-batch hardness variation exceeding ±3 Shore C measured per ISO 868.
| Azodicarbonamide loading (phr) | Density per ISO 845 (g/cm³) | Tear strength per ASTM D624 (N/mm) | Hardness per ISO 868 (Shore C) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2.5 | 0.24 | 8.5 | 56 |
| 3.5 | 0.20 | 7.2 | 52 |
| 4.5 | 0.16 | 5.5 | 47 |
| 5.5 | 0.13 | 3.8 | 41 |
Across high-speed carton sealing lines that exceed 25,000 cases per hour, EVA-based hot melt adhesives use ELEVATE EF561 as the polymer backbone at 30–40 wt% of the molten formulation. The remaining mass is split between C5/C9 hydrocarbon tackifying resin at 30–50 wt%, paraffin or Fischer-Tropsch wax at 10–30 wt%, and hindered phenol antioxidant at 0.5–1.5 wt%. Adhesive compounding is conducted in a nitrogen-blanketed sigma blade mixer or twin-screw extruder operating at 130–180 °C, with oxygen exclusion below 2% by volume to prevent viscosity drift. Molten adhesive is applied through slot-die or roll-coating heads with gear pumps sized for viscosity up to 2,500 mPa·s at 180 °C, measured per ASTM D3236. Bond strength in packaging is validated by ASTM D4498 for hot melt adhesives and substrate fiber tear evaluation. For food-contact paperboard lamination, the formulation must meet FDA 21 CFR 175.105 and REACH restrictions for migrating substances. Terminal products include corrugated case and carton seals, bookbinding spines, edge banding for furniture panels, and nonwoven hygiene assembly. The selection of ELEVATE EF561 over higher-VA grades is governed by open time and set time balance: formulations with polymer content above 45 wt% reduce blocking resistance at warehouse temperatures above 40 °C, while polymer content below 25 wt% increases die-lip char formation during production stoppages longer than 15 min. Batch-to-batch tackifier compatibility is verified by cloud point measurement and loop tack testing before release to packaging converters.
Halogen-free flame retardant jacket compounds built on ELEVATE EF561 are processed with mineral filler loadings that shift rheology from film-grade to cable-grade behavior. The base formulation uses 100 parts EVA resin, 120–180 parts combined alumina trihydrate and magnesium dihydrate, 0.8–1.5 parts vinyl silane coupling agent, 0.5–1.5 parts hindered phenolic antioxidant, and 0.6–1.4 parts dicumyl peroxide for crosslinking. The downstream compounding step uses a co-rotating twin-screw extruder with L/D 40:1, barrel temperatures 140–190 °C, and screw speed 250–400 rpm. The critical temperature ceiling is imposed by alumina trihydrate dehydration onset above 180 °C; barrel zones above 190 °C cause steam porosity in pellets and unacceptable moisture pickup. The pelletized compound is then fed to a single-screw cable extrusion line at 160–180 °C and crosslinked either through continuous vulcanization at 180–190 °C or by silane moisture curing in a sauna bath at 70–80 °C for 6–12 h. Industry compliance requires flame spread testing according to IEC 60332-1-2, halogen acid gas emission below 0.5% according to IEC 60754-1/-2, smoke density per IEC 61034-2, and RoHS restrictions. Terminal products include low-voltage building wire jackets, control cable sheathing, railway rolling stock cables, and photovoltaic balance-of-system cable jackets. The compound fails field pull-in trials when melt fracture creates surface roughness above 0.25 mm, so extruder screens of 125 µm mesh are used to remove agglomerated mineral filler. The table below summarizes a representative property gradient for EVA/mineral hydrate systems at 28 wt% VA, not EF561-specific.
| Alumina trihydrate (phr) | Magnesium dihydrate (phr) | Tensile strength per IEC 60811-501 (MPa) | Elongation at break per IEC 60811-501 (%) | LOI per ISO 4589-2 (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 140 | 0 | 12.0 | 200 | 29 |
| 100 | 40 | 11.2 | 170 | 32 |
| 60 | 80 | 10.5 | 150 | 35 |
| 20 | 120 | 9.8 | 130 | 37 |
In medical tubing and film conversion, ELEVATE EF561 is selected at 100 parts resin with 0.5–2.0 phr slip/antiblock additive and 0.3–1.0 phr processing stabilizer to avoid plasticizer migration found in PVC systems. The downstream cleanroom cast film line extrudes at melt temperatures of 160–200 °C onto a polished chill roll held at 15–25 °C; the chill roll temperature controls the heat-seal initiation temperature because EVA films with low crystallinity seal at 70–85 °C on rotary sealers. Tubing is produced on single-screw lines with vacuum calibration and cut lengths from 1 m to 50 m, then welded by radiofrequency at 27.12 MHz or heat-sealed for bag peripheries. The relevant industry compliance standards are FDA 21 CFR 177.1350 for ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers used in contact with food and aqueous medical fluids, USP <88> Class VI for systemic injection and implantation materials, and ISO 10993-4, ISO 10993-5, and ISO 10993-10 for hemocompatibility, cytotoxicity, and intracutaneous irritation. Terminal products include IV solution bags, enteral feeding pouches, respiratory therapy bladders, blood separation bags, and peristaltic pump tubing. Autoclave sterilization at 121 °C for 30 min is tolerated when the film has no plasticizer exudation, whereas plasticized PVC exhibits migration of dioctyl phthalate onto seal surfaces. Published data for ELEVATE EF561 in this specific configuration is limited, so converters run migration studies per ISO 10993-9 on each lot before releasing clinical device packaging.
When masterbatch producers require a carrier resin with a stable melt index plateau, ELEVATE EF561 is dosed at 50–70 wt%, combined with 20–40 wt% active additive such as slip, antiblock, or color pigment and 2–5 wt% polyethylene wax dispersant. The downstream process is carried out on a co-rotating twin-screw extruder with L/D 44:1, a side feeder located at 60% of barrel length for mineral-based additives, and an underwater pelletizer producing pellets of 2.5–3.5 mm diameter. Melt temperature at the die is maintained at 170–200 °C, and specific energy input is set between 0.18–0.25 kWh/kg. Melt flow rate is tested per ISO 1133-1:2022 with 2.16 kg at 190 °C, and pellet bulk density is checked per ISO 60. Industry compliance includes RoHS and REACH for the final plastic article. Terminal products include slip masterbatches for LLDPE film, antiblock masterbatches for blown film, and color masterbatches for injection-molded caps and closures. On production lines, the primary failure mode is carrier melt index drift after multiple extrusion passes; a melt flow rate drop greater than 15% indicates chain branching from residual oxygen, so the pellet cooler air dew point is controlled below +5 °C and the extruder vent vacuum is kept below -80 kPa to reduce hydrolytic degradation. When ELEVATE EF561 is used to disperse high-surface-area fumed silica above 30 wt%, the compound may require a secondary downstream single-screw homogenizer to break agglomerates larger than 20 µm, which are detectable by 325-mesh pressure-rise testing.
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ELEVATE EF561 is an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer supplied as free-flowing pellets for blown film, cast film, extrusion coating, and selected injection-molding applications. The polymer consists of a low-density polyethylene backbone with a random vinyl acetate comonomer distribution; the comonomer content is controlled to balance low-temperature flexibility, seal initiation behavior, and melt processability. Grades within this comonomer range are typically specified by melt mass-flow rate, density, vinyl acetate content, and thermal properties rather than by a single hardness or flexural modulus. Lot release is performed in accordance with ISO 1133-1:2022 for melt mass-flow rate at 190°C and 2.16 kg and ISO 1183-1:2019 for density. The material is used in multilayer packaging sealant webs, foamed sheet, footwear midsoles, and polymer modification because the vinyl acetate segments disrupt polyethylene crystallinity and reduce sealing temperatures relative to unmodified low-density polyethylene. Processing behavior is non-Newtonian and shear-thinning under typical extrusion conditions, with viscosity decreasing as screw speed and barrel temperature increase within the established processing window. The product is not hygroscopic in the manner of polyamides or thermoplastic polyesters, but surface moisture from high-humidity storage can generate steam and localized bubbles during plastication; pre-drying at 65°C for 4 h is recommended when storage relative humidity exceeds 60%.
The grade is defined by a set of property measurements used for incoming inspection and process control rather than by a single performance claim. The following values are representative of the manufacturer’s published technical data for EF561; lot-specific certificates of analysis control for production batches. Properties are measured on compression-molded or extruded specimens after conditioning at 23°C and 50% relative humidity for 48 h unless otherwise noted.
| Property | Test method | Representative value |
|---|---|---|
| Vinyl acetate content | ASTM D5594-18 | 18 wt% |
| Melt mass-flow rate (190°C/2.16 kg) | ISO 1133-1:2022 | 1.9 g/10 min |
| Density | ISO 1183-1:2019 | 0.940 g/cm³ |
| Peak melting temperature by DSC | ISO 11357-3:2018 | 84°C |
| Vicat softening temperature (A50) | ASTM D1525-17e1 | 62°C |
| Tensile stress at break | ISO 527-2/5A:2021 | 15 MPa |
| Elongation at break | ISO 527-2/5A:2021 | 700% |
| Shore A hardness | ISO 868:2003 | 90 |
The melt mass-flow rate of 1.9 g/10 min places EF561 in the medium-viscosity region of ethylene-vinyl acetate grades. This value is suitable for cast film and extrusion coating because high shear in the die lip reduces viscosity sufficiently for thin-gauge drawing, while low-shear melt strength remains adequate for bubble stability in blown film at moderate blow-up ratios. The density of 0.940 g/cm³ is higher than a typical low-density polyethylene homopolymer because the polar vinyl acetate comonomer increases mass per unit volume despite reducing crystallinity. The tensile stress at break of 15 MPa and elongation at break of 700% are obtained at 500 mm/min crosshead speed on 5A dumbbell specimens; these values indicate high ductility but lower ultimate strength than linear low-density polyethylene of similar melt index. The Shore A hardness of 90 is typical for a copolymer containing 18 wt% vinyl acetate and should not be used as a sole specification for soft-touch applications.
Ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers undergo thermal deacetylation when melt temperature exceeds approximately 230°C for prolonged residence time. Acetic acid evolution accelerates above 250°C, causing corrosion on downstream chill rolls, calendar bowls, and vacuum calibration sleeves if not vented. EF561 should be processed with melt temperature between 180°C and 220°C for general extrusion. The processing window is not a single setpoint but a residence-time/temperature envelope. High-shear compounding on a corotating twin-screw extruder with L/D ratio 40:1 requires barrel profile 160°C to 200°C, die temperature 200°C, and screw speed 250–400 min⁻¹; at the upper speed range, melt temperature may rise due to viscous dissipation, so a melt pump or die-mounted thermocouple is required. Single-screw blown film lines with a barrier screw and L/D ratio 30:1 typically operate with barrel zone temperatures from 160°C to 200°C, die head 200°C, and blow-up ratio between 2.0 and 2.8. The frost line height should be maintained stable because the vinyl acetate segments reduce melt tension compared with high-density polyethylene. Acetic acid evolution is typically negligible below 220°C but becomes measurable after 10 min at 240°C in stagnant zones. Screw designs with long compression sections and Maddock mixing elements can create local temperature spikes; therefore, screw cooling or lower screw speed is recommended if head pressure exceeds 350 bar. The use of a vented extruder is required for moisture-laden regrind or filled compounds; vacuum pressure should be maintained below –0.08 MPa gauge.
Foam compounding operations using EF561 as the base resin typically incorporate a chemical blowing agent such as azodicarbonamide or an endothermic sodium bicarbonate/citric acid system at 1.0–3.0 wt%. The blowing agent decomposition temperature must be matched to the EVA melt rheology; azodicarbonamide decomposition begins near 205°C, while endothermic systems can decompose in the range 150°C–220°C depending on formulation. In crosslinked foamed sheet, dicumyl peroxide is added at 0.5–1.2 phr, with cure initiation near 150°C and optimum crosslinking between 170°C and 180°C. The peroxide is pre-dispersed at low melt temperature 110°C–130°C to avoid premature scorch. Blowing and crosslinking kinetics overlap in the mold or oven, and the balance between melt viscosity and gas pressure determines cell structure. EF561 provides sufficient melt strength to support uniform cell growth when compounded with 5–20 parts per hundred resin of calcium carbonate or talc as nucleator. Published data for the optimal blowing agent ratio in EF561 is limited; production trials should begin with the lower loading and expand based on density measurements per ISO 845:2006 and cell size analysis. The grade is also used in sealant webs where the vinyl acetate content lowers seal initiation temperature to approximately 80°C under constant-pressure heat seal conditions, but actual seal initiation depends on film thickness, sealing pressure, dwell time, and jaw geometry; laboratory seal curves should follow ASTM F2029-16. For extrusion coating, the melt temperature at the die should not exceed 220°C, and the air gap should be minimized to reduce oxidative degradation and neck-in.
The substitution decision is governed by three variables: seal initiation temperature, tensile toughness, and optical clarity. EF561, with a vinyl acetate content of 18 wt%, reduces the seal initiation temperature by approximately 15–30°C relative to a 9 wt% vinyl acetate EVA and by 25–40°C relative to a metallocene linear low-density polyethylene of similar melt index. The reduction arises from disruption of polyethylene crystallinity and an increase in amorphous phase mobility. However, the same comonomer reduces tensile modulus and increases surface tack. Therefore, monolayer films that require high modulus or high coefficient of friction cannot be directly replaced without altering antiblock and slip package levels. In coextruded structures, EF561 is placed in the sealant layer while an LLDPE or HDPE skin layer supplies stiffness and heat resistance. The copolymer also exhibits lower melting point and lower Vicat softening temperature than metallocene LLDPE; this places limitations on hot-fill or retort applications above 80°C. Compared with EVA grades containing 28–33 wt% vinyl acetate, EF561 provides lower polarity, lower compatibility with high-polarity tackifiers, and lower gas permeability; it is therefore less suitable for high-clarity encapsulant or hot-melt adhesive formulations that require high amorphous content but more appropriate for general-purpose extrusion where excessive softness or tack would create handling problems. The melt tension of EF561 is lower than that of a branched LDPE with comparable melt index, which reduces bubble stability in large blown film towers; a blow-up ratio below 2.8 and a dual-lip air ring are recommended. Published data for direct seal strength comparison under industrial jaw configurations is limited; pilot trials using ASTM F88/F88M-21 should be conducted before converting lines.
The unmodified resin is typically designed to meet food-contact regulations applicable to ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers. In the United States, EVA copolymers may be used in contact with food when they meet the olefin polymer requirements of 21 CFR 177.1350 and the general requirements of 21 CFR 177.1520(c), provided the finished article meets extraction limits. In the European Union, the substance must be assessed under Commission Regulation (EU) No 10/2011 with an overall migration limit of 10 mg/dm² for food contact articles. The base resin is generally not classified as dangerous under REACH; suppliers are required to provide a safety data sheet and confirm candidate list status under Article 33 of REACH Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006. The grade is free from heavy metals at levels exceeding the thresholds in Directive 2011/65/EU RoHS for electrical and electronic equipment. Packaging applications should be verified for residual vinyl acetate monomer, which is typically below 5 ppm in manufactured pellets.
| Regulatory area | Reference | Relevant limit or clause |
|---|---|---|
| US food contact | 21 CFR 177.1350 | Olefin polymers; extraction limits apply to finished article |
| US food contact | 21 CFR 177.1520(c) | Polyethylene general provisions |
| EU food contact | (EU) No 10/2011 | Overall migration limit 10 mg/dm² |
| REACH SVHC communication | REGULATION (EC) No 1907/2006, Article 33 | Duty to communicate SVHC presence above 0.1% w/w |
| RoHS | Directive 2011/65/EU | Heavy metal thresholds as listed in Annex II |
| Residual monomer | Gas chromatography internal method | Typically 5 ppm max |
Warehouse storage should be below 35°C and protected from ultraviolet light to reduce oxidative degradation during extended storage. The pellets can absorb surface moisture under relative humidity above 60%; pre-drying in a desiccant dryer at 65°C for 4 h is recommended before extrusion. The resin should not be purged with polyvinyl chloride compounds because HCl evolution from PVC can contaminate the system and accelerate corrosion. Long residence times above 220°C increase the risk of gel formation and acetic acid release, especially in dead spots behind screen packs, adapter flanges, and melt temperature probes. For extrusion coating lines with high-temperature profiles, the addition of a vented extruder or nitrogen blanket on the hopper reduces yellowing. The product should not be blended with amine-based nucleating or blowing-agent decomposition residues without first evaluating discoloration, because residual amines can react with acetic acid released during processing. Batch-to-batch variation in melt mass-flow rate is controlled by the supplier but may still affect thickness uniformity in thin films; operators should log die pressure and motor load against lot number for troubleshooting.
